Biology:Recumbirostra
| Recumbirostra | |
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| Life restoration of the rhynchonkid Rhynchonkos | |
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| Life restoration of Batropetes, a brachystelechid | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Superclass: | Tetrapoda |
| Clade: | †Recumbirostra Anderson, 2007 |
| Subgroups | |
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see text | |
Recumbirostra is a clade of tetrapods which lived during the Carboniferous and Permian periods. They are thought to have had a fossorial (burrowing) lifestyle and the group includes both short-bodied and long-bodied snake-like forms.[1][2] At least one species, the long-bodied molgophid Nagini mazonense, lost its forelimbs entirely.[3] Recumbirostra includes the families Pantylidae, Gymnarthridae, Ostodolepidae, Rhynchonkidae and Brachystelechidae, with additional families such as Microbrachidae and Molgophidae being included by some authors.[4][5] Brachystelechidae and Molgophidae have also been grouped together in the suggested clade Chthonosauria.[6]
Recumbirostra was erected as a clade in 2007 to include many of the taxa traditionally grouped in "Microsauria", which has since been shown to be a paraphyletic or polyphyletic grouping.[7][8][9] Like other "microsaurs", the recumbirostrans have traditionally been considered to be members of the subclass Lepospondyli; however, many phylogenetic analyses conducted since the 2010s have recovered recumbirostrans as basal sauropsid amniotes instead.[10][7][5][3][11] Not all phylogenetic analyses recognize Recumbirostra as a valid grouping. An alternative clade called Tuditanomorpha is occasionally supported and includes many of the same taxa.[12]
Classification
Taxonomy
- Altenglanerpeton
- Sparodus
- Steenerpeton?
- Trihecaton?
- Hapsidopareiidae?
- Gymnarthridae
- Ostodolepidae
- Microbrachidae?
- Pantylidae
- Odonterpetidae
- Odonterpeton
- Joermungandr
- Rhynchonkidae / Goniorhynchidae
- Aletrimyti
- Dvellecanus
- Rhynchonkos
- Chthonosauria
Phylogeny
Below is a cladogram showing the phylogenetic relationships of recumbirostrans from Glienke (2012):[4]
| Recumbirostra |
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Gallery
Skeleton of Joermungandr bolti, showing preserved remains of scales
Skeleton of the brachystelechid Batropetes
Skull of the molgophid Brachydectes
Skull of the ostodolepid Nannaroter
References
- ↑ Mann, Arjan; Calthorpe, Ami S.; Maddin, Hillary C. (2021). "Joermungandr bolti, an exceptionally preserved 'microsaur' from the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte reveals patterns of integumentary evolution in Recumbirostra". Royal Society Open Science 8 (7): 210319. doi:10.1098/rsos.210319. PMID 34295525.
- ↑ Mann, Arjan; Maddin, Hillary C (2019-09-30). "Diabloroter bolti, a short-bodied recumbirostran 'microsaur' from the Francis Creek Shale, Mazon Creek, Illinois" (in en). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (2): 494–505. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz025. ISSN 0024-4082. https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/187/2/494/5497448.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mann, Arjan; Pardo, Jason D.; Maddin, Hillary C. (2022-03-28). "Snake-like limb loss in a Carboniferous amniote". Nature Ecology & Evolution 6 (5): 614–621. doi:10.1038/s41559-022-01698-y. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 35347258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-022-01698-y.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Glienke, S. (2012). "A new "microsaur" (Amphibia; Lepospondyli) from the Rotliegend of the Saar–Palatinate region (Carboniferous/Permian transition; West Germany)". Paläontologische Zeitschrift 86 (3): 297–311. doi:10.1007/s12542-012-0130-8.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Mann, A.; Pardo, J. D.; Maddin, H. C. (2019). "Infernovenator steenae, a new serpentine recumbirostran from the 'Mazon Creek' Lagerstätte further clarifies lysorophian origins". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (2): 506–517. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz026.
- ↑ Osteology and phylogenetic position of the diminutive 'microsaur' Odonterpeton triangulare from the Pennsylvanian of Linton, Ohio, and major features of recumbirostran phylogeny
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Jason D. Pardo; Matt Szostakiwskyj; Per E. Ahlberg; Jason S. Anderson (2017). "Hidden morphological diversity among early tetrapods". Nature 546 (7660): 642–645. doi:10.1038/nature22966. PMID 28636600. Bibcode: 2017Natur.546..642P.
- ↑ Anderson, J.S. (2007). "Incorporating ontogeny into the matrix: A phylogenetic evaluation of developmental evidence for the origin of modern Amphibians". Major Transitions in Vertebrate Evolution. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. pp. 182–227.
- ↑ Huttenlocker, A. K.; Pardo, J. D.; Small, B. J.; Anderson, J. S. (2013). "Cranial morphology of recumbirostrans (Lepospondyli) from the Permian of Kansas and Nebraska, and early morphological evolution inferred by micro-computed tomography". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (3): 540.
- ↑ Jason D. Pardo, Matt Szostakiwskyj and Jason S. Anderson (2015). "Phylogenetic relationships of recumbirostran 'lepospondyls' inferred from neurocranial morphology". Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 75th Annual Meeting Program & Abstracts: 191.
- ↑ Mann, A.; Pardo, J. D.; Sues, H.-D. (2022). "Osteology and phylogenetic position of the diminutive 'microsaur' Odonterpeton triangulare from the Pennsylvanian of Linton, Ohio, and major features of recumbirostran phylogeny". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 197 (3): 641–655. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac043.
- ↑ Henrici, A.C.; Martens, T.; Berman, D.S.; Sumida, S.S. (2011). "An ostodolepid 'microsaur' (Lepospondyli) from the Lower Permian Tambach Formation of central Germany". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31 (5): 997–1004. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.596601. http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1080/02724634.2011.596601.
Wikidata ☰ Q7303248 entry
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