Biology:Red vine leaf extract

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Red vine leaf extract (Vitis vinifera L folium) contains various nutrients including flavonoids quercetin-3-O-b-glucuronide, isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-b-glucoside) and kaempferol-3-O-b-D-glucoside.[1] Red vine leaf extracts have been available for more than 50 years for leg wellness and to improve symptoms associated with venous insufficiency.[2][3] Red vine leaf extract may protect the venular endothelial cells from the damage and could also repair them.[4][5] Red vine leaf extract may reduce lower limb volume and ankle and calf circumference in chronic venous insufficiency.[6][7]

References

  1. ↑ "The red-vine-leaf extract AS195 increases nitric oxide synthase-dependent nitric oxide generation and decreases oxidative stress in endothelial and red blood cells". Pharmacology Research & Perspectives 4 (1): e00213. February 2016. doi:10.1002/prp2.213. PMID 26977302. 
  2. ↑ "A review of evidence on red vine leaf extract in the prevention and management of venous disease". Journal of Wound Care 15 (9): 393–6. October 2006. doi:10.12968/jowc.2006.15.9.26959. PMID 17044354. 
  3. ↑ "Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Drug and Health Food Products Containing Red Vine Leaf Extracts on the Japanese Market". Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 64 (9): 1275–80. September 2016. doi:10.1248/cpb.c16-00164. PMID 27350106. 
  4. ↑ Butcher, M. (October 2006). "A review of evidence on red vine leaf extract in the prevention and management of venous disease". Journal of Wound Care 15 (9): 393–396. doi:10.12968/jowc.2006.15.9.26959. ISSN 0969-0700. PMID 17044354. 
  5. ↑ Nees, Stephan; Weiss, Dominik R.; Reichenbach-Klinke, Ekkehard; Rampp, Florian; Heilmeier, Bernhard; Kanbach, Jürgen; Esperester, Anke (2003). "Protective effects of flavonoids contained in the red vine leaf on venular endothelium against the attack of activated blood components in vitro". Arzneimittel-Forschung 53 (5): 330–341. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1297117. ISSN 0004-4172. PMID 12854360. 
  6. ↑ Butcher, M. (October 2006). "A review of evidence on red vine leaf extract in the prevention and management of venous disease". Journal of Wound Care 15 (9): 393–396. doi:10.12968/jowc.2006.15.9.26959. ISSN 0969-0700. PMID 17044354. 
  7. ↑ Kiesewetter, H.; Koscielny, J.; Kalus, U.; Vix, J. M.; Peil, H.; Petrini, O.; van Toor, B. S.; de Mey, C. (February 2000). "Efficacy of orally administered extract of red vine leaf AS 195 (folia vitis viniferae) in chronic venous insufficiency (stages I-II). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Arzneimittel-Forschung 50 (2): 109–117. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1300174. ISSN 0004-4172. PMID 10719612. 




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