Biology:Smart ligand
Smart ligands are affinity ligands selected with pre-defined equilibrium ([math]\displaystyle{ K_{d} }[/math]), kinetic ([math]\displaystyle{ k_{off} }[/math], [math]\displaystyle{ k_{on} }[/math]) and thermodynamic (ΔH, ΔS) parameters of biomolecular interaction.
Ligands with desired parameters can be selected from large combinatorial libraries of biopolymers using instrumental separation techniques with well-described kinetic behaviour, such as kinetic capillary electrophoresis (KCE), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), microscale thermophoresis (MST),[1][2] etc. Known examples of smart ligands include DNA smart aptamers; however, RNA and peptide smart aptamers can also be developed.
Smart ligands can find a set of unique applications in biomedical research, drug discovery and proteomic studies. For example, a panel of DNA smart aptamers has been recently used to develop affinity analysis of proteins with ultra-wide dynamic range of measured concentrations.
References
- ↑ "Optical Thermophoresis quantifies Buffer dependence of Aptamer Binding". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49 (12): 2238–41. Feb 2010. doi:10.1002/anie.200903998. PMID 20186894.
- "A hot road to new drugs". February 24, 2010. http://www.physorg.com/news186225693.html.
- ↑ "Protein-binding assays in biological liquids using microscale thermophoresis". Nature Communications 1 (7): 100. Oct 2010. doi:10.1038/ncomms1093. PMID 20981028. Bibcode: 2010NatCo...1..100W.
- "Selection of smart small-molecule ligands: the proof of principle". Anal. Chem. 81 (1): 490–4. January 2009. doi:10.1021/ac8023813. PMID 19055427.
- "Selection of smart aptamers by equilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures (ECEEM)". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 (32): 11224–5. August 2005. doi:10.1021/ja0530016. PMID 16089434.
- "Selection of smart aptamers by methods of kinetic capillary electrophoresis". Anal. Chem. 78 (9): 3171–8. May 2006. doi:10.1021/ac060144h. PMID 16643010.
- "Smart aptamers facilitate multi-probe affinity analysis of proteins with ultra-wide dynamic range of measured concentrations". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 (23): 7260–1. June 2007. doi:10.1021/ja072269p. PMID 17503828.
- Krylov SN (January 2007). "Kinetic CE: foundation for homogeneous kinetic affinity methods". Electrophoresis 28 (1–2): 69–88. doi:10.1002/elps.200600577. PMID 17245689.
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