Biology:Stipa

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Short description: Genus of grasses

Stipa
Stipa capensis.JPG
Mediterranean needle-grass,
Stipa capensis
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Supertribe: Stipodae
Tribe: Stipeae
Genus: Stipa
L.[1]
Species

Some 300, see text.

Synonyms
  • Lasiagrostis Link
  • Orthoraphium Nees
  • Patis Ohwi
  • Sparteum P.Beauv., nom. inval.
  • Stupa Asch., orth. var.
  • Timouria Roshev.
  • Trichosantha Steud., nom. inval.[1]

Stipa is a genus of around 300 large perennial hermaphroditic grasses collectively known as feather grass, needle grass, and spear grass. They are placed in the subfamily Pooideae and the tribe Stipeae, which also contains many species formerly assigned to Stipa, which have since been reclassified into new genera.

Many species are important forage crops. Several species such as Stipa brachytricha, S. arundinacea, S. splendens, S. calamagrostis, S. gigantea and S. pulchra are used as ornamental plants. One former species, esparto grass (Macrochloa tenacissima), is used for crafts and extensively in paper making.

It is a coarse grass with inrolled leaves and a panicle patterned inflorescence.[2]

Ecology

Species of the genus Stipa can occur in grasslands[3] or in savanna habitats. Certain specific prairie plant associations are dominated by grasses of the genus Stipa, which genus often lends its name to the terminology of some prairie types.[4] In some areas of the western United States grasses of the genus Stipa form a significant part of the understory of Blue Oak savannas, and were even a more important element prehistorically before the invasion of many European grasses.[5]

Selected species

Formerly placed here

Main page: Biology:Stipeae

See also

References

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q161274 entry