Biology:Syndiniales

From HandWiki
Short description: Order of single-celled organisms

Syndiniales
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
(unranked):
Alveolata
Phylum:
Class:
Syndiniophyceae
Order:
Syndiniales

Loeblich III, 1976
Family
  • Hematodiniidae
  • Coccidiniaceae
  • Euduboscquellidae
  • Syndiniaceae
  • Amoebophryaceae
  • Sphaeriparaceae
Synonyms
  • Coccidinales Chatton & Biecheler 1934

The Syndiniales are an order of early branching dinoflagellates (also known as Marine Alveolates, "MALVs"), found as parasites of crustaceans, fish, algae, cnidarians, and protists (ciliates, radiolarians, other dinoflagellates).[1][2][3] The trophic form is often multinucleate, and ultimately divides to form motile spores, which have two flagella in typical dinoflagellate arrangement. They lack a theca and chloroplasts, and unlike all other orders, the nucleus is never a dinokaryon. A well-studied example is Amoebophrya, which is a parasite of other dinoflagellates and may play a part in ending red tides. Several MALV groups have been assigned to Syndiniales;[4] recent studies, however, show paraphyly of MALVs suggesting that only those groups that branch as sister to dinokaryotes ('core dinoflagellates') belong to Syndiniales.[3]

Taxonomy

  • Class Syndiniophyceae Loeblich III, 1976 [Syndinea][5][6]
    • Order Syndiniales Loeblich III 1976 [Coccidinales Chatton & Biecheler 1934]
      • Family Hematodiniidae
      • Family Coccidiniaceae [Coccidinidae Chatton & Biecheler 1934]
      • Family Euduboscquellidae Coats, Bachvaroff & Delwiche 2012
      • Family Syndiniaceae Chatton 1920
        • Genus Trypanodinium Chatton 1912
        • Genus Merodinium Chatton 1923
        • Genus Syndinium Chatton 1910 [Atelodinium Chatton 1920; Synhemidinium Chatton 1952 nom. illeg.; Solenodinium (Chatton 1923) Chatton 1952]
      • Family Amoebophryaceae Cachon 1964 ex Loeblich III 1970 [Amoebophryidae]
        • Genus Amoebophrya Koeppen 1894 [Hyalosaccus Koeppen 1899]
      • Family Sphaeriparaceae Loeblich III 1970
        • Genus Actinodinium Chatton & Hovasse 1937
        • Genus Caryotoma Hollande 1953
        • Genus Atlanticellodinium Cachon & Cachon-Enjumet 1965
        • Genus Sphaeripara Poche 1911 [Lohmannia Neresheimer 1903 non Michael 1898; Lohmanella Neresheimer 1904 non Trouessart 1901; Neresheimeria Übel 1912]

See also

References

  1. van den Hoek, C.; Mann, D. G.; Jahns, Hans Martin (1995). Algae: an Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 277–280. ISBN 0-521-31687-1. 
  2. "Radiolaria associated with large diversity of marine alveolates". Protist 163 (5): 767–77. September 2012. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2012.04.004. PMID 22658831. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Single cell genomics of uncultured marine alveolates shows paraphyly of basal dinoflagellates". The ISME Journal 12 (1): 304–308. January 2018. doi:10.1038/ismej.2017.167. PMID 28994824. 
  4. "Widespread occurrence and genetic diversity of marine parasitoids belonging to Syndiniales (Alveolata)". Environmental Microbiology 10 (12): 3349–65. December 2008. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01731.x. PMID 18771501. 
  5. "Molecular phylogeny of noctilucoid dinoflagellates (Noctilucales, Dinophyceae)". Protist 161 (3): 466–78. July 2010. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005. PMID 20188628. 
  6. Gómez F (2012). "A checklist and classification of living dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata, Alveolata)". CICIMAR Oceánides 27 (1): 65–140. doi:10.37543/oceanides.v27i1.111. http://www.cicimar.ipn.mx/oacis/Medios/oceanides/P%20065%20Fernando%20Gomez.pdf. 

Wikidata ☰ Q3781035 entry