Biology:Valenciennellus tripunctulatus
| Valenciennellus tripunctulatus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Stomiiformes |
| Family: | Sternoptychidae |
| Genus: | Valenciennellus |
| Species: | V. tripunctulatus
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| Binomial name | |
| Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark, 1871)
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Valenciennellus tripunctulatus, commonly called the constellationfish,[3] is a species of fish in the family Sternoptychidae (hatchetfish).[4][5][6]
Description
Valenciennellus tripunctulatus is small, growing no longer than 3.1 cm (1.2 in).[7] It darkens its body at night by pigment dispersion. It is silvery-white in colour with several black spots; the name tripunctulatus ("three-spotted") refers to the larger spots on their ventral surface, although there are often more than three of these.[8]
Habitat
Valenciennellus tripunctulatus lives all the world's non-polar oceans. It is bathypelagic and non-migratory, living at depths of 100–1,000 m (330–3,280 ft).[7][9]
Behaviour
Valenciennellus tripunctulatus is a selective daytime feeder on copepods (mainly Pleuromamma) and ostracods (such as Conchoecia).[10]
It breeds year-round, with egg batches about 100–360 eggs per ovary pair, the number increasing with animal size.[7] It does not guard its eggs.[11]
References
- ↑ "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18253303/21913883.
- ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark, 1871)". https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=127316.
- ↑ "Valenciennellus tripunctulatus". https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/3405.
- ↑ "Research Report". U.S. Government Printing Office. June 22, 1946. https://books.google.com/books?id=s2ZBMEB787IC&dq=Valenciennellus+tripunctulatus&pg=RA7-PA84.
- ↑ "Fishery Bulletin". National Marine Fisheries Service. June 22, 1989. https://books.google.com/books?id=O9AU5RUp7VoC&dq=Valenciennellus+tripunctulatus&pg=PA221.
- ↑ Boehlert, George W. (June 22, 1992). "Distribution of Ichthyoplankton Around Southeast Hancock Seamount, Central North Pacific, in Summer 1984 and Winter 1985: Data Report". https://books.google.com/books?id=QnYeAQAAIAAJ&dq=Valenciennellus+tripunctulatus&pg=PA90.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Valenciennellus tripunctulatus, Constellationfish". https://www.fishbase.se/summary/11686.
- ↑ Bulletin of the United States National Museum
- ↑ Bigelow, Henry B.; Cohen, Daniel M.; Dick, Myvanwy M.; Jr, Robert H. Gibbs; Grey, Marion; Jr, James E. Morrow; Schultz, Leonard P.; Walters, Vladimir (October 23, 2018). Soft-rayed Bony Fishes: Orders Isospondyli and Giganturoidei: Part 4. Yale University Press. ISBN 9781933789149. https://books.google.com/books?id=IMqJDwAAQBAJ&dq=Valenciennellus+tripunctulatus+bathypelagic&pg=PA223.
- ↑ Andersen, Neil R.; Zahuranec, Bernard J. (June 22, 1977). Oceanic Sound Scattering Prediction. Springer. ISBN 9780306355059. https://books.google.com/books?id=sqIRAQAAIAAJ&q=Valenciennellus+tripunctulatus+Pleuromamma.
- ↑ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Valenciennellus tripunctulatus (Esmark, 1871)". https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=127316#notes.
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