Biology:Vulcanisaeta
| Vulcanisaeta | |
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| Genus: | Vulcanisaeta Itoh, Suzuki & Nakase 2002
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| Vulcanisaeta distributa Itoh, Suzuki & Nakase 2002
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In taxonomy, Vulcanisaeta is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae.
Description and significance
Vulcanisaeta is an anaerobic, heterotrophic, hyperthermophilic archaeon that grows optimally at 85–90 °C and at pH 4.0–4.5. The organism is isolated from samples collected directly from solfataric fields or piped hot spring water in eastern Japan.
Genome structure
Several Vulcanisaeta genomes have been sequenced, see List of sequenced archaeal genomes. The G + C content of its DNA, which is between 44 and 46%, is predicted to be relatively lower than other members of the Thermoproteaceae genera.
Cell structure and metabolism
The cells of Vulcanisaeta are straight to slightly curved rods, which range from 0.4 to 0.6 µm in width. In some cases, the cells are branched or bear spherical bodies at the terminals. The archaeon utilizes maltose, starch, malate, yeast extract, peptone, beef extract, casamino acids and gelatin as carbon sources, cannot utilize D-arabinose, D-fructose, lactose, sucrose, D-xylose, acetate, butyrate, formate, fumarate, propionate, pyruvate, succinate, methanol, formamide, methylamine or trimethylamine. As electron acceptors, the organism uses sulfur and thiosulfate. Unlike some other genetically similar archaea such as Thermocladium or Caldivirga, Vulcanisaeta grows in the absence of vitamin mixture or archaeal cell-extract solution in the medium.
Ecology
Strains of Vulcanisaeta were found in hot spring areas in Japan. Despite the organisms being the most common rod-shaped crenarchaeote among isolates from hot springs in Japan, it has not isolated from other countries. This contrasts with the genera Thermoproteus and Pyrobaculum, which are distributed worldwide, including the Azores, Iceland, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Philippines , Russia, and the United States. Therefore, it is possible that the genus Vulcanisaeta has a restricted distribution that includes Japan.[1]
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[1]
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See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Sayers. "Vulcanisaeta". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=164450&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock.
- ↑ J.P. Euzéby. "Vulcanisaeta". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/vulcanisaeta.
- ↑ "The LTP". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP.
- ↑ "LTP_all tree in newick format". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_06_2022.ntree.
- ↑ "LTP_06_2022 Release Notes". https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_06_2022_release_notes.pdf.
- ↑ "GTDB release 08-RS214". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C.
- ↑ "ar53_r214.sp_label". https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release214/214.0/auxillary_files/ar53_r214.sp_labels.tree.
- ↑ "Taxon History". https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/.
Further reading
Scientific journals
- Jay ZJ; JP. Beam; MA. Kozubal; Rdem Jennings; DB. Rusch; Inskeep WP (December 2016). "The distribution, diversity and function of predominant Thermoproteales in high-temperature environments of Yellowstone National Park.". Environmental Microbiology 18 (12): 4755–4769. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.13366. PMID 27130276.
- "The distribution, diversity, and importance of 16S rRNA gene introns in the order Thermoproteales.". Biology Direct 10 (35): 35. July 2015. doi:10.1186/s13062-015-0065-6. PMID 26156036.
- Mavromatis, Konstantinos (2010). "Complete genome sequence of Vulcanisaeta distributa type strain (IC-017(T))". Standards in Genomic Sciences 3 (2): 117–125. doi:10.4056/sigs.1113067. PMID 21304741.
- Itoh T; Suzuki K; Nakase T (2002). "Vulcanisaeta distributa gen. nov., sp. nov., and Vulcanisaeta souniana sp. nov., hyperthermophilic, rod-shaped crenarchaeotes isolated from hot springs in Japan". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52 (Pt 4): 1097–1104. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02152-0. PMID 12148613.
- Burggraf S; Huber H; Stetter KO (1997). "Reclassification of the crenarchael orders and families in accordance with 16S rRNA sequence data". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 47 (3): 657–660. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-3-657. PMID 9226896.
- Zillig W; Stetter KO; Schafer W; Janekovic D; Wunderl S; Holz I; Palm P (1981). "Thermoproteales: a novel type of extremely thermoacidophilic anaerobic archaebacteria isolated from Icelandic solfataras". Zentralbl. Mikrobiol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. 1 Orig. C2: 205–227.
Scientific books
Scientific databases
- PubMed references for Vulcanisaeta
- PubMed Central references for Vulcanisaeta
- Google Scholar references for Vulcanisaeta
External links
- NCBI taxonomy page for Vulcanisaeta
- Search Tree of Life taxonomy pages for Vulcanisaeta
- Search Species2000 page for Vulcanisaeta
- MicrobeWiki page for Vulcanisaeta
- LPSN page for Vulcanisaeta
Wikidata ☰ Q7943511 entry
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