Braille pattern dots-145

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Short description: Braille pattern


The Braille pattern dots-145 ( ⠙ ) is a 6-dot braille cell with both top and the middle right dots raised, or an 8-dot braille cell with both top and the upper-middle right dots raised. It is represented by the Unicode code point U+2819, and in Braille ASCII with D.

Character information
Preview ⠙ (braille pattern dots-145)
Unicode name BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-145
Encodings decimal hex
Unicode 10265 0 0 0 U+2819
UTF-8 226 160 153 0 0 0 E2 A0 99 00 00 00
Numeric character reference ⠙��� ⠙���
Braille ASCII 68 44


Unified Braille

In unified international braille, the braille pattern dots-145 is used to represent a voiced dental or alveolar plosive, such as /d/ or /d̪/, and is otherwise assigned as needed.[1]

Table of unified braille values

French Braille D, "de"
English Braille D
English Contraction do
German Braille D
Bharati Braille द / ਦ / દ / দ / ଦ / ద / ದ / ദ / ද / د ‎[2]
Icelandic Braille D
IPA Braille /d/
Russian Braille Д
Slovak Braille D
Arabic Braille د
Persian Braille د
Irish Braille D
Thai Braille ด d
Luxembourgish Braille d (minuscule)

[1]

Other braille

Japanese Braille ru / る / ル [1]
Korean Braille p- / ㅍ [1]
Mainland Chinese Braille D [1]
Taiwanese Braille d / ㄉ
Two-Cell Chinese Braille z- -àng, 在 zài
Nemeth Braille not an independent sign [3]
Algerian Braille ث ‎[1]

Plus dots 7 and 8

Related to Braille pattern dots-145 are Braille patterns 1457, 1458, and 14578, which are used in 8-dot braille systems, such as Gardner-Salinas and Luxembourgish Braille.

Character information
Preview ⡙ (braille pattern dots-1457) ⢙ (braille pattern dots-1458) ⣙ (braille pattern dots-14578)
Unicode name BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-1457 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-1458 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-14578
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
Unicode 10329 0 0 0 U+2859 10393 0 0 0 U+2899 10457 0 0 0 U+28D9
UTF-8 226 161 153 0 0 0 E2 A1 99 00 00 00 226 162 153 0 0 0 E2 A2 99 00 00 00 226 163 153 0 0 0 E2 A3 99 00 00 00
Numeric character reference ⡙��� ⡙��� ⢙��� ⢙��� ⣙��� ⣙���
dots 1457 dots 1458 dots 14578
Gardner Salinas Braille[4] D (capital) δ (delta) Δ (Delta)
Luxembourgish Braille[5] D (capital)

Related 8-dot kantenji patterns

In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 256, 1256, 2456, and 12456 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-145, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 0145, 1457, and 01457 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille.

Character information
Preview ⠲ (braille pattern dots-256) ⠳ (braille pattern dots-1256) ⠺ (braille pattern dots-2456) ⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456)
Unicode name BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-256 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-1256 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-2456 BRAILLE PATTERN DOTS-12456
Encodings decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex decimal hex
Unicode 10290 0 0 0 U+2832 10291 0 0 0 U+2833 10298 0 0 0 U+283A 10299 0 0 0 U+283B
UTF-8 226 160 178 0 0 0 E2 A0 B2 00 00 00 226 160 179 0 0 0 E2 A0 B3 00 00 00 226 160 186 0 0 0 E2 A0 BA 00 00 00 226 160 187 0 0 0 E2 A0 BB 00 00 00
Numeric character reference ⠲��� ⠲��� ⠳��� ⠳��� ⠺��� ⠺��� ⠻��� ⠻���

Kantenji using braille patterns 256, 1256, 2456, or 12456

This listing includes kantenji using Braille pattern dots-145 for all 6349 kanji found in JIS C 6226-1978.

  • ⠻ (braille pattern dots-12456) - 性

Variants and thematic compounds

  • ⠳⠊ - る/忄 + selector 1 = 壱
  • ⠑⠺ - selector 4 + る/忄 = 甘
  • ⠡⠺ - selector 5 + る/忄 = 侖
  • ⢁⠺ - selector 6 + る/忄 = 婁
  • ⢡⠺ - 数 + #4 = 四

Compounds of 性 and 忄

  • ⠳⣜ - る/忄 + ほ/方 = 忙
  • ⠳⡾ - る/忄 + て/扌 = 快
  • ⠳⠜ - る/忄 + お/頁 = 怏
  • ⠳⢮ - る/忄 + し/巿 = 怖
  • ⠳⢞ - る/忄 + け/犬 = 怪
  • ⠳⢜ - る/忄 + こ/子 = 怯
  • ⠳⢌ - る/忄 + ⺼ = 恤
  • ⠳⡘ - る/忄 + や/疒 = 恨
  • ⠳⣈ - る/忄 + 龸 = 悋
  • ⠳⢊ - る/忄 + か/金 = 悍
  • ⠳⣊ - る/忄 + は/辶 = 悔
  • ⠳⣺ - る/忄 + む/車 = 悛
  • ⠳⠾ - る/忄 + れ/口 = 悟
  • ⠳⠬ - る/忄 + 宿 = 悦
  • ⠳⡮ - る/忄 + ち/竹 = 悩
  • ⠳⡼ - る/忄 + と/戸 = 悼
  • ⠳⢾ - る/忄 + せ/食 = 情
  • ⠳⢬ - る/忄 + 心 = 惚
  • ⠳⡞ - る/忄 + ね/示 = 惜
  • ⠳⠎ - る/忄 + い/糹/#2 = 惟
  • ⠳⠚ - る/忄 + う/宀/#3 = 惨
  • ⠳⠪ - る/忄 + ら/月 = 惰
  • ⠳⡚ - る/忄 + ぬ/力 = 惻
  • ⠳⣘ - る/忄 + ゆ/彳 = 愉
  • ⠳⡎ - る/忄 + に/氵 = 慄
  • ⠳⢚ - る/忄 + く/艹 = 慌
  • ⠳⣾ - る/忄 + め/目 = 慎
  • ⠳⣪ - る/忄 + ま/石 = 慢
  • ⠳⡺ - る/忄 + つ/土 = 慣
  • ⠳⢘ - る/忄 + 仁/亻 = 慨
  • ⠳⢼ - る/忄 + そ/馬 = 憎
  • ⠳⡜ - る/忄 + の/禾 = 憐
  • ⠳⣚ - る/忄 + ふ/女 = 憤
  • ⠳⠮ - る/忄 + り/分 = 憧
  • ⠳⣼ - る/忄 + も/門 = 憫
  • ⠳⡊ - る/忄 + な/亻 = 憶
  • ⠳⣎ - る/忄 + ひ/辶 = 憾
  • ⠳⣬ - る/忄 + 囗 = 懊
  • ⠳⠺ - る/忄 + る/忄 = 懐
    • ⠳12px|alt=⠲⠺ - る/忄 + る/忄 + る/忄 = 懷
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠰⢮ - る/忄 + 比 + し/巿 = 忖
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢴⠘ - る/忄 + そ/馬 + selector 4 = 忤
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⠜ - る/忄 + 宿 + お/頁 = 忰
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⣈ - る/忄 + 宿 + 龸 = 忱
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡀⢼ - る/忄 + selector 3 + そ/馬 = 忸
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠰⡨ - る/忄 + 比 + を/貝 = 忻
  • ⠳⣌ - る/忄 + 日 = 恒
  • ⠳⣮ - る/忄 + み/耳 = 懺
  • ⠳⠺ - る/忄 + る/忄 = 懐
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣴⠨ - る/忄 + も/門 + selector 5 = 怐
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣄⠊ - る/忄 + 日 + selector 1 = 怕
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠶⠼ - る/忄 + れ/口 + ろ/十 = 怙
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠐⣌ - る/忄 + selector 4 + 日 = 怛
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢐⠼ - る/忄 + 仁/亻 + ろ/十 = 怜
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠐⡊ - る/忄 + selector 4 + な/亻 = 怡
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠦⢊ - る/忄 + り/分 + か/金 = 怦
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡴⢘ - る/忄 + と/戸 + 仁/亻 = 怩
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⣾ - る/忄 + 宿 + め/目 = 怫
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢰⠘ - る/忄 + 氷/氵 + selector 4 = 怺
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣄⢺ - る/忄 + 日 + す/発 = 恂
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡲⢮ - る/忄 + つ/土 + し/巿 = 恃
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⡚ - る/忄 + 宿 + ぬ/力 = 恊
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣀⠌ - る/忄 + 龸 + selector 2 = 恍
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⣼ - る/忄 + 宿 + も/門 = 恟
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠴⡺ - る/忄 + ろ/十 + つ/土 = 恠
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡰⣸ - る/忄 + よ/广 + 火 = 恢
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠲⣌ - る/忄 + る/忄 + 日 = 恆
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠲⡮ - る/忄 + る/忄 + ち/竹 = 惱
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠲⣾ - る/忄 + る/忄 + め/目 = 愼
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠲⠚ - る/忄 + る/忄 + う/宀/#3 = 慘
  • ⠃12px|alt=⠲⣮ - selector 1 + る/忄 + み/耳 = 懴
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢲⠾ - る/忄 + す/発 + れ/口 = 恪
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣤⡼ - る/忄 + 囗 + と/戸 = 恫
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠶⢾ - る/忄 + れ/口 + せ/食 = 恬
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠦⣬ - る/忄 + り/分 + 囗 = 恰
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⠪ - る/忄 + 宿 + ら/月 = 悁
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣤⢎ - る/忄 + 囗 + き/木 = 悃
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢴⢌ - る/忄 + そ/馬 + ⺼ = 悄
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣐⠬ - る/忄 + ゆ/彳 + 宿 = 悌
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣤⣎ - る/忄 + 囗 + ひ/辶 = 悒
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⠼ - る/忄 + 宿 + ろ/十 = 悖
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡒⠬ - る/忄 + ぬ/力 + 宿 = 悗
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢆⢨ - る/忄 + き/木 + 数 = 悚
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡔⡚ - る/忄 + の/禾 + ぬ/力 = 悧
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠔⠼ - る/忄 + お/頁 + ろ/十 = 悴
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠐⡼ - る/忄 + selector 4 + と/戸 = 悵
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡔⢜ - る/忄 + の/禾 + こ/子 = 悸
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣒⢪ - る/忄 + ふ/女 + さ/阝 = 悽
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣤⡺ - る/忄 + 囗 + つ/土 = 惆
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣀⢜ - る/忄 + 龸 + こ/子 = 惇
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢖⢪ - る/忄 + け/犬 + さ/阝 = 惓
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠠⣜ - る/忄 + selector 5 + ほ/方 = 惘
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡠⠨ - る/忄 + を/貝 + selector 5 = 惧
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⡜ - る/忄 + 宿 + の/禾 = 惴
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣄⣞ - る/忄 + 日 + へ/⺩ = 惶
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣄⠎ - る/忄 + 日 + い/糹/#2 = 惺
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡔⣸ - る/忄 + の/禾 + 火 = 愀
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠒⣌ - る/忄 + う/宀/#3 + 日 = 愃
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⢺ - る/忄 + 宿 + す/発 = 愎
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⢞ - る/忄 + 宿 + け/犬 = 愕
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⢜ - る/忄 + 宿 + こ/子 = 愡
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠔⡎ - る/忄 + お/頁 + に/氵 = 愧
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠦⠜ - る/忄 + り/分 + お/頁 = 愴
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣴⠊ - る/忄 + も/門 + selector 1 = 愾
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠦⢞ - る/忄 + り/分 + け/犬 = 慊
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⢌ - る/忄 + 宿 + ⺼ = 慍
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡆⡞ - る/忄 + に/氵 + ね/示 = 慓
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣀⣺ - る/忄 + 龸 + む/車 = 慚
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠦⡚ - る/忄 + り/分 + ぬ/力 = 慟
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣂⢚ - る/忄 + は/辶 + く/艹 = 慥
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⢨ - る/忄 + 宿 + 数 = 慯
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⡾ - る/忄 + 宿 + て/扌 = 慱
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡲⢺ - る/忄 + つ/土 + す/発 = 慳
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣲⣌ - る/忄 + む/車 + 日 = 慴
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡰⣬ - る/忄 + よ/广 + 囗 = 慵
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡰⣘ - る/忄 + よ/广 + ゆ/彳 = 慷
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠆⣸ - る/忄 + い/糹/#2 + 火 = 憔
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠶⠾ - る/忄 + れ/口 + れ/口 = 憚
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣄⠾ - る/忄 + 日 + れ/口 = 憬
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣲⣸ - る/忄 + む/車 + 火 = 憮
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⣌ - る/忄 + 宿 + 日 = 憺
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠶⠚ - る/忄 + れ/口 + う/宀/#3 = 懆
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣤⢼ - る/忄 + 囗 + そ/馬 = 懈
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⡪ - る/忄 + 宿 + た/⽥ = 懌
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣤⠾ - る/忄 + 囗 + れ/口 = 懍
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡦⡜ - る/忄 + ち/竹 + の/禾 = 懦
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠔⢨ - る/忄 + お/頁 + 数 = 懶
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⠎ - る/忄 + 宿 + い/糹/#2 = 懼
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣀⢞ - る/忄 + 龸 + け/犬 = 懽
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣦⣮ - る/忄 + み/耳 + み/耳 = 懾

Compounds of 㣺 and 心

  • ⢑⠺ - 仁/亻 + る/忄 = 偲
  • ⠷⠺ - れ/口 + る/忄 = 唸
  • ⢇⠺ - き/木 + る/忄 = 忌
  • ⢗⠺ - け/犬 + る/忄 = 忝
  • ⢕⠺ - こ/子 + る/忄 = 恭
  • ⢵⠺ - そ/馬 + る/忄 = 惣
  • ⢓⠺ - く/艹 + る/忄 = 慕
  • ⣷⠺ - め/目 + る/忄 = 懸
  • ⡷⠺ - て/扌 + る/忄 = 捻
  • ⢱⠺ - 氷/氵 + る/忄 = 添
  • ⡕⠺ - の/禾 + る/忄 = 穏
  • ⢣⠺ - さ/阝 + る/忄 = 隠
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢀⢪ - る/忄 + selector 6 + さ/阝 = 怎
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢐⡎ - る/忄 + 仁/亻 + に/氵 = 恁
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢰⣨ - る/忄 + 氷/氵 + ん/止 = 恣
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡂⢎ - る/忄 + な/亻 + き/木 = 恷
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠴⣾ - る/忄 + ろ/十 + め/目 = 悳
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢖⣌ - る/忄 + け/犬 + 日 = 惷
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢒⢨ - る/忄 + く/艹 + 数 = 惹
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⣘ - る/忄 + 宿 + ゆ/彳 = 愆
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣦⣨ - る/忄 + み/耳 + ん/止 = 愍
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡲⡬ - る/忄 + つ/土 + ゑ/訁 = 愨
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠢⣊ - る/忄 + ら/月 + は/辶 = 愬
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡰⠊ - る/忄 + よ/广 + selector 1 = 愿
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⡺ - る/忄 + 宿 + つ/土 = 慂
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣲⡨ - る/忄 + む/車 + を/貝 = 慙
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣴⢨ - る/忄 + も/門 + 数 = 慝
  • ⠳12px|alt=⣐⡸ - る/忄 + ゆ/彳 + よ/广 = 慫
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡢⣨ - る/忄 + た/⽥ + ん/止 = 慾
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡂⣎ - る/忄 + な/亻 + ひ/辶 = 憊
  • ⠳12px|alt=⢆⡊ - る/忄 + き/木 + な/亻 = 憖
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡲⣬ - る/忄 + つ/土 + 囗 = 憙
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠂⡸ - る/忄 + selector 1 + よ/广 = 懋
  • ⠳12px|alt=⡆⣾ - る/忄 + に/氵 + め/目 = 懣
  • ⡕12px|alt=⡔⠺ - の/禾 + の/禾 + る/忄 = 穩
  • ⢣12px|alt=⢢⠺ - さ/阝 + さ/阝 + る/忄 = 隱
  • ⠳12px|alt=⠤⣨ - る/忄 + 宿 + ん/止 = 懿

Compounds of 壱

  • ⠳12px|alt=⠲⠊ - る/忄 + る/忄 + selector 1 = 壹
    • ⠷12px|alt=⠲⠊ - れ/口 + る/忄 + selector 1 = 噎
    • ⣕12px|alt=⠲⠊ - ほ/方 + る/忄 + selector 1 = 殪
    • ⢷12px|alt=⠲⠊ - せ/食 + る/忄 + selector 1 = 饐
  • ⠃12px|alt=⠲⠊ - #1 + る/忄 + selector 1 = 弌

Compounds of 甘

  • ⢷⠺ - せ/食 + る/忄 = 甜
  • ⡅⠺ - ゐ/幺 + る/忄 = 紺
  • ⠳⢎ - る/忄 + き/木 = 某
    • ⡥⠺ - ゑ/訁 + る/忄 = 謀
    • ⣱⠺ - 火 + る/忄 = 煤
    • ⣓⠺ - ふ/女 + る/忄 = 媒
    • ⢥12px|alt=⠲⢎ - 心 + る/忄 + き/木 = 楳
  • ⡳12px|alt=⠐⠺ - つ/土 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 坩
  • ⡷12px|alt=⠐⠺ - て/扌 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 拑
    • ⡧12px|alt=⠐⠺ - ち/竹 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 箝
  • ⢥12px|alt=⠐⠺ - 心 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 柑
  • ⡑12px|alt=⠐⠺ - や/疒 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 疳
  • ⣳12px|alt=⠐⠺ - む/車 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 蚶
  • ⢣12px|alt=⠐⠺ - さ/阝 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 邯
  • ⢷12px|alt=⠐⠺ - せ/食 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 酣
  • ⢃12px|alt=⠐⠺ - か/金 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 鉗
  • ⣁12px|alt=⠐⠺ - 龸 + selector 4 + る/忄 = 甞

Compounds of 侖

  • ⡃⠺ - な/亻 + る/忄 = 倫
  • ⠗⠺ - え/訁 + る/忄 = 論
  • ⣳⠺ - む/車 + る/忄 = 輪
  • ⡑12px|alt=⣀⠺ - や/疒 + 龸 + る/忄 = 崘
  • ⡑12px|alt=⠒⠺ - や/疒 + う/宀/#3 + る/忄 = 崙
  • ⢇12px|alt=⠤⠺ - き/木 + 宿 + る/忄 = 棆
  • ⡇12px|alt=⠤⠺ - に/氵 + 宿 + る/忄 = 淪
  • ⠇12px|alt=⠤⠺ - い/糹/#2 + 宿 + る/忄 = 綸

Compounds of 婁

  • ⠇⠺ - い/糹/#2 + る/忄 = 縷
  • ⡃12px|alt=⠤⠺ - な/亻 + 宿 + る/忄 = 僂
  • ⡑12px|alt=⠤⠺ - や/疒 + 宿 + る/忄 = 瘻
  • ⡧12px|alt=⠤⠺ - ち/竹 + 宿 + る/忄 = 簍
  • ⣳12px|alt=⠤⠺ - む/車 + 宿 + る/忄 = 螻
  • ⡗12px|alt=⠤⠺ - ね/示 + 宿 + る/忄 = 褸
  • ⢃12px|alt=⠤⠺ - か/金 + 宿 + る/忄 = 鏤

Compounds of 四

  • ⡇12px|alt=⢠⠺ - に/氵 + 数 + る/忄 = 泗
  • ⢵12px|alt=⢠⠺ - そ/馬 + 数 + る/忄 = 駟

Other compounds

  • ⢇12px|alt=⢠⠺ - き/木 + 数 + る/忄 = 楞
  • ⡵⠺ - と/戸 + る/忄 = 屡
  • ⡱⠺ - よ/广 + る/忄 = 庵
  • ⢳⠺ - す/発 + る/忄 = 罨
  • ⡳⠺ - つ/土 + る/忄 = 壊
  • ⣗⠺ - へ/⺩ + る/忄 = 環
  • ⣇⠺ - ひ/辶 + る/忄 = 還
  • ⣥12px|alt=⠤⠺ - 囗 + 宿 + る/忄 = 圜
  • ⡳12px|alt=⡲⠺ - つ/土 + つ/土 + る/忄 = 壞
  • ⠓12px|alt=⠤⠺ - う/宀/#3 + 宿 + る/忄 = 寰
  • ⢃12px|alt=⣀⠺ - か/金 + 龸 + る/忄 = 鐶
  • ⡵12px|alt=⠒⠺ - と/戸 + う/宀/#3 + る/忄 = 鬟

[6][7][8][9]

Notes

  1. ↑ Jump up to: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "World Braille Usage". UNESCO. http://www.duxburysystems.com/documentation/manuals.asp?book=World_1990. Retrieved 2012-04-19. .
  2. ↑ "Introduction to Bharati Braille". http://www.acharya.gen.in:8080/disabilities/bh_brl.php. Retrieved 25 April 2013. 
  3. ↑ "Nemeth Braille (Mathematics Braille)". Archived from the original on 2012-04-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20120421113105/http://acharya.iitm.ac.in/disabilities/nemeth_brl.php. Retrieved 2012-04-25. 
  4. ↑ "Index of Topics in Braille Section". Oregon State University Science Access Project Braille topics.. Archived from the original on 2012-04-20. https://web.archive.org/web/20120420124208/http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html. Retrieved 2012-04-29. 
  5. ↑ UNESCO (2013). World Braille Usage. Washington, DC: National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-8444-9564-4. http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064. Retrieved 2013-12-19. 
  6. ↑ "ロービジョン相談と光学". http://www.geocities.co.jp/Technopolis/4819/body28kanten.html. Retrieved 31 January 2014. 
  7. ↑ "盲人と文字 -漢点字の世界". http://www.kantenji.jp/ikkatsu.html. Retrieved 27 December 2013. 
  8. ↑ "漢点字". http://www.n-braille.net/kantenji/eib.html. Retrieved 27 December 2013. 
  9. ↑ "漢点字入門". Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131231141822/http://www.kunijima.sakura.ne.jp/temp/taijyukai.pdf. Retrieved 30 December 2013. 



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