Chemistry:Butane (data page)

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Short description: Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-butane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD 1.3326 at 20 °C[1]
Dielectric constant, εr 1.7697 ε0 at 23 °C[2]
Symmetry group C2h
Magnetic susceptibility ?
Surface tension 12.46 dyn/cm at 20 °C
   P ≈ 225 kPa

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Density (liquid) 0 °C 600 kg/m³
Density (saturated vapor) 1 atm, -0.5 °C 2.6 kg/m³
Triple point 134.6 K (–138.5 °C), 0.7 Pa
Critical point 425.1 K (152.0 °C), 3796.0 kPa
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusHo 		4.66 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusSo 		34.56 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapHo 		22.44 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapSo 		82.30 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHosolid 		? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid 		? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid 		-147.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid 		229.7 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp 132.42 J/(mol K) –262 °C to –3 °C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHogas 		–124.7 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas 		310.23 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHo –2877.5 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 98.49 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
n-butane
van der Waals' constants[3] 		a = 1466.2 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.1226 liter per mole
Liquid and vapor Butane density
The data about butane density over a range of temperature [−50; +50] °C[4]

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg 1 10 40 100 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600
T in °C –101.5 –77.8 –59.1 –44.2 –16.3 –0.5 18.8 50.0 79.5 116.0  —  —

n-Butane: Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Vapor pressure of n-butane. From formula: [math]\displaystyle{ \scriptstyle \log_{10} P_{mmHg} = 6.83029 - \frac {945.90} {240.0+T} }[/math] obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε ?
IR
Major absorption bands ? cm−1
NMR
Proton NMR  
Carbon-13 NMR  
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments 		 

References

  1. ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 85th ed, pp 202
  2. ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 85th ed, pp 1148
  3. ↑ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp. 1522–1524
  4. ↑ Zivenko, Oleksiy (2019). "LPG Accounting Specificity During ITS Storage and Transportation" (in en). Measuring Equipment and Metrology 80 (3): 21–27. doi:10.23939/istcmtm2019.03.021. ISSN 0368-6418. https://doi.org/10.23939/istcmtm2019.03.021. 



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