Chemistry:Chrysophenine
Chrysophenine is a yellow water-soluble disazo stilbene dye, also known as Direct Yellow 12 or Chrysophenine G. The chemical formula is C
30H
26N
4Na
2O
8S
2.[1]
Synthesis
Chrysophenine is obtained by reacting Brilliant Yellow with chloroethane, which converts the two hydroxyl groups of Brilliant Yellow into ether groups. In its pure state, the compound forms an orange powder, soluble in water.
Uses
The compound is widely used in textile dyeing, biological staining, and has potential applications in photodynamic therapy.[2] Although it can contribute to water pollution, it can be effectively removed from wastewater through membrane filtration techniques.
Chrysophenine is used as a direct dye, meaning it can directly stain fibers without the need for a mordant (a substance that helps fix the dye to the fiber). It gives cellulose materials (linen, cotton, paper, viscose, etc.)[3] a bright golden-yellow color. The presence of sulfogroups in the molecules allows the dye to be used as an acidic dye for dyeing wool and silk fibers.
Chrysophenine is also known to be radiation and acid resistant.[4][5]
See also
References
- ↑ "Chrysophenine Dye content 65 2870-32-8" (in en). Sigma Aldrich. https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/RU/en/product/aldrich/201901?srsltid=AfmBOoqSXqA61RtfEUG0raON8qg5XaVTB-KkpQNLILAhpBKWkFPmx3jo.
- ↑ Gurr, Edward (2 December 2012) (in en). Synthetic Dyes in Biology, Medicine And Chemistry. Elsevier. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-323-14242-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-2THuZuhOwC&dq=chrysophenine+Synthesis&pg=PA210. Retrieved 26 July 2025.
- ↑ Venkataraman, K. (2 December 2012) (in en). The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes V7. Elsevier. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-323-15260-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=g4dRvQJm3mQC&dq=chrysophenine+Synthesis&pg=PA208. Retrieved 26 July 2025.
- ↑ "Chrysophenine". biosynth.com. https://www.biosynth.com/p/FC52661/2870-32-8-chrysophenine#:~:text=3204140090%20%2D%20China:%203204140000-,Chrysophenine%20is%20a%20yellow%20dye%20that%20is%20soluble%20in%20water,free%20radical%20addition%20polymerization%20process..
- ↑ Britain), Chemical Society (Great (1956) (in en). Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Colouring Matters: Report of a Symposium Held at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, on January 19th, 1956. Chemical Society. p. 14. https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtPUAAAAMAAJ&q=chrysophenine+radiation. Retrieved 26 July 2025.
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