Chemistry:Diminazene
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| Trade names | Azidin, Berenil, Ganasag, Pirocide |
| Other names | 4,4'-(1-Triazene-1,3-diyl)bis(benzenecarboximidamide) |
| Routes of administration | IM, SC |
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| Formula | C14H15N7 |
| Molar mass | 281.323 g·mol−1 |
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Diminazene (INN; also known as diminazen) is an anti-infective medication for animals that is sold under a variety of brand names. It is effective against certain protozoa such as Babesia, Trypanosoma, and Cytauxzoon. The drug may also be effective against certain bacteria including Brucella and Streptococcus.[1][2]
Chemically it is a di-amidine and it is formulated as its aceturate salt, diminazene aceturate.
The mechanism is not well understood; it probably inhibits DNA replication,[1] but also has affinity to RNA.
Side effects
Acute side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and hypotension (low blood pressure). Diminazen can harm the liver, kidneys and brain, which is potentially life-threatening; camels are especially susceptible to these effects.[1]
Resistance
The Gibe River Valley in southwest Ethiopia showed universal resistance between July 1989 and February 1993.[3] This likely indicates a permanent loss of function in this area against the tested target, T. congolense isolated from Boran cattle.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Pharmacology of diminazene: a review". Acta Tropica 54 (3–4): 185–203. September 1993. doi:10.1016/0001-706X(93)90092-P. PMID 7902657.
- ↑ "Detection of multiple drug-resistant Trypanosoma congolense populations in village cattle of south-east Mali". Parasites & Vectors 5: 155. August 2012. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-155. PMID 22852796.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Long-term occurrence of Trypanosoma congolense resistant to diminazene, isometamidium and homidium in cattle at Ghibe, Ethiopia". Acta Tropica (Elsevier BV) 64 (3–4): 205–217. April 1997. doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00645-6. PMID 9107367.
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