Chemistry:Viral capsid inhibitor

From HandWiki

A viral capsid inhibitor is an antiviral drug that binds to viral capsid proteins and interferes with the assembly or dissasembly of the capsid thus blocking the replication of the virus.[1] Assembly inhibitors are more common[2] but disassembly (uncoating) inhibitors have also been identified.[1] Individual viral capsid inhibitors typically bind selectively to the capsid of a single virus or a closely related group of viruses, making them unsuitable as broad-spectrum antivirals.[1]

The most notable example of a viral capsid inhibitor is lenacapavir which has been approved for treating and preventing HIV-1 infections.[3] Additional examples are presented in the table below.

Viral capsid inhibitors
Drug (INN) Virus target Regulatory status
Lenacapavir Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)[3] Approved in the European Union and United States for treatment of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection. Also approved as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV-1.[3][4][5]
Pleconaril Picornaviruses (including enteroviruses and rhinoviruses)[6] Advanced to late-stage clinical development, but was not granted approval and development was discontinued.[6][7]
Neracorvir Hepatitis B virus (HBV)[8][9] Investigational antiviral drug in phase III clinical trials for chronic HBV infection.[8][10]
Canocapavir Hepatitis B virus (HBV)[11] Investigational antiviral drug with phase III clinical trials for chronic HBV infection planned[12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Targeting the Virus Capsid as a Tool to Fight RNA Viruses". Viruses 14 (2): 174. January 2022. doi:10.3390/v14020174. PMID 35215767. 
  2. ↑ "Mechanisms of virus assembly". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 66: 217–39. April 2015. doi:10.1146/annurev-physchem-040214-121637. PMID 25532951. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Lenacapavir: First Approval". Drugs 82 (14): 1499–1504. September 2022. doi:10.1007/s40265-022-01786-0. PMID 36272024. 
  4. ↑ "Lenacapavir: A first-in-class capsid inhibitor for the treatment of highly treatment-resistant HIV". American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 80 (24): 1774–1780. December 2023. doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxad223. PMID 37767713. 
  5. ↑ "Sunlenca (lenacapavir) receives FDA approval as a first-in-class twice yearly treatment option for people living with multidrug-resistant HIV". 2022-12-22. https://www.gilead.com/news/news-details/2022/sunlenca-lenacapavir-receives-fda-approval-as-a-first-in-class-twice-yearly-treatment-option-for-people-living-with-multi-drug-resistant-hiv. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Pleconaril: a novel antipicornaviral drug". Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 10 (2): 369–79. February 2001. doi:10.1517/13543784.10.2.369. PMID 11178348. 
  7. ↑ "Efficacy and safety of oral pleconaril for treatment of colds due to picornaviruses in adults: results of 2 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials". Clinical Infectious Diseases 36 (12): 1523–1532. June 2003. doi:10.1086/375069. PMID 12802751. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "GST-HG141, an innovative drug for the treatment of hepatitis B". 2023-12-29. https://www.moomoo.com/news/post/31661477/guangshengtang-300436-sz-gst-hg141-an-innovative-drug-for-the. 
  9. ↑ "Fujian Cosunter Pharmaceutical's new drug for hepatitis B, GST-HG141, publishes phase II results". 2025-08-04. https://news.futunn.com/en/post/60046715/fujian-cosunter-pharmaceutical-s-new-drug-for-hepatitis-b-which. 
  10. ↑ "Neracorvir". https://synapse.patsnap.com/drug/3d6eaea5ac8e4c9793b1378cfba39fb9. 
  11. ↑ "Canocapavir - Zhimeng Biopharma". AdisInsight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800057030. 
  12. ↑ Clinical trial number NCT07095855 for "A Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of ZM-H1505R in Patients With CHB" at ClinicalTrials.gov



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