Company:Cineplex Entertainment

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Short description: Canadian entertainment company and movie theater chain
Cineplex Inc.
Formerly
  • Galaxy Entertainment
    (1999–2003)
  • Cineplex Galaxy Income Fund (2003–2011)
  • Cineplex Galaxy (2003–2005)
TypePublic
Industry
  • Film exhibitor
  • Digital advertising
Predecessors
  • Loews Cineplex Entertainment (Cineplex Odeon Corporation)
  • Famous Players
  • AMC Theatres (4 Canadian locations)
  • Empire Theatres
FoundedOctober 4, 1999; 24 years ago (1999-10-04) (Galaxy Entertainment)
November 26, 2003; 20 years ago (2003-11-26) (Cineplex-Galaxy)[1]
FounderGerry Schwartz, Ellis Jacob and Stephen Brown
Headquarters
  • 1303 Yonge Street
  • Toronto, Ontario
  • M4T 2Y9
Number of locations
  • Theatres: 158
    * Screens: 1,637[2]
Area served
Canada
Products
RevenueIncrease CA$656.66 million (2021)[3]
Decrease –CA$84.29 million (2021)
Increase –CA$248.72 million (2021)
Total assetsDecrease CA$2.11 billion (2021)
Total equityDecrease –CA$219.72 million (2021)
Number of employees
Over 13,000 (2019)[3][4]
Divisions
  • Cineplex Odeon
  • Galaxy
  • Famous Players
    • SilverCity
  • Cinema City
  • Scotiabank Theatre
  • Cineplex Cinemas
  • Cineplex VIP Cinemas
Subsidiaries
  • Cineplex Entertainment LP
    Player One Amusement Group Inc.
    Famous Players LP
    Galaxy Entertainment Inc.
    Cineplex Media
    Cineplex Digital Media Inc.
    Cineplex Pictures
    Canadian Digital Cinema Partnership (78.2%)
    SCENE LP (50%)
  • Cineplex Entertainment Corporation
  • Alliance Cinemas
[5]
Websitewww.cineplex.com
corp.cineplex.com (corporate)
Footnotes / references
[6]

Cineplex Inc. (formerly Cineplex Galaxy) is the largest cinema chain in Canada.

The company was formed in 2003 via the acquisition of Loews Cineplex's Canadian operations (which included the assets of the former Cineplex Odeon chain) by Onex Corporation and Oaktree Capital Management, and its subsequent merger with Onex's Galaxy Entertainment—a chain of cinemas that was established in 1999 by former Cineplex Odeon executives, and operated primarily in smaller markets. The company subsequently acquired Famous Players from National Amusements in 2005, went public in 2011, and acquired Empire Theatres' operations in Atlantic Canada and parts of Ontario in 2013. In December 2019, Cineplex agreed to be acquired by British exhibitor Cineworld Group for $2.8 billion, pending regulatory and shareholder approval, but Cineworld abandoned the sale in June 2020 due to unspecified breaches of the sale terms.

The company operates cinemas across Canada, primarily under the brand Cineplex Cinemas. Some flagship locations operate as Scotiabank Theatre, while some locations use brands carried over from its corporate predecessors (such as Famous Players, SilverCity, Odeon, and Galaxy, although some of them have since been converted to the Cineplex banner). The company also owns family entertainment centres under the brands The Rec Room and Playdium, the rewards loyalty program Scene+, the e-commerce Cineplex Store, film distributor Cineplex Pictures and the digital advertising business Cineplex Media.

History

1912–1998: predecessors

Cineplex stakes a partial claim to the history of the Famous Players Film Company (later Paramount Pictures), founded in 1912 by Adolph Zukor, as Cineplex's earliest predecessor;[7] however, that company did not have any operations in Canada until 1920, when it bought Nathan Nathanson's Paramount Theatre chain, which Nathanson had established four years earlier.[8][nb 1] Nathanson, the 5th richest person in the world, became the first president of the resulting entity, Famous Player Canadian Corporation.[9] In 1923, Famous Players bought out rival Allen Theatres, acquiring many buildings in the process.[10]

Odeon Theatres of Canada was established in 1941, before merging with the Canadian Theatres chain in 1978, becoming Canadian Odeon Theatres.[11]

In 1979, Garth Drabinsky and Nat Taylor created the Cineplex Corporation and opened its first "Cineplex" theatre complex, in the Toronto Eaton Centre.[7] Odeon merged with Cineplex in 1984 to form Cineplex Odeon Corporation, before being acquired by Loews Theatres in 1998, thereby becoming Loews Cineplex Entertainment.

1999–2004: early years

Cineplex Galaxy logo used from 2003 to 2005

Galaxy Entertainment Inc. was established in 1999 by Ellis Jacob, a former Chief Operating Officer of Loews Cineplex Entertainment, and Stephen Brown, a former Cineplex Chief Financial Officer. With investments from Onex Corporation and Famous Players, the new company focused on smaller markets that were usually served by smaller theatres and old equipment, opening large, major chain-style locations under the Galaxy Cinemas banner. By 2003, Galaxy Entertainment had grown to 19 theatres and $75 million in box office revenue.[7]

In 2001, Loews Cineplex Entertainment (a 1998 merger of Universal Pictures' Cineplex Odeon and Sony's Loews Theatres) underwent bankruptcy due to the economic recession of the early 2000s.[12] In June 2001, Onex Corporation announced its intent to acquire Loews Cineplex; as part of the deal, Loews Cineplex would close 46 cinemas (including 25 in Canada), and Onex would acquire the company for $1.3 billion with Oaktree Capital Management as a partner.[13]

In November 2003, Loews Cineplex Entertainment's Canadian operations merged with Galaxy Entertainment as Cineplex Galaxy Income Fund.[14] The U.S. operations of Loews Cineplex were divested in 2004 to several investors including The Carlyle Group.

2005–2012: purchase of Famous Players, Cineplex Entertainment

SilverCity Richmond Hill Cinemas

On June 13, 2005, Cineplex Galaxy Income Fund announced its acquisition of Famous Players from Viacom for CA$500 million (about US$397 million). This deal was completed on July 22, 2005. To satisfy antitrust concerns, on August 22, 2005, the group announced the sale of 27 locations in Ontario and western Canada to Empire Theatres.[15] On June 21, Loews Cineplex announced that it would merge with AMC Theatres.[16] While AMC Theatres also operated in Canada and was ranked third behind Cineplex Galaxy and the enlarged Empire Theatres, Cineplex Odeon and AMC Theatres remained competitors.[17]

In October 2005, Cineplex Galaxy changed the name of its operating subsidiary Cineplex Galaxy LP to Cineplex Entertainment LP, to reflect their expanded operations.[18] On March 31, 2006, Cineplex sold seven more theatres in Quebec to Chelsea-based Fortune Cinemas. On June 29, 2007, Cineplex Entertainment announced its purchase of three Cinema City theatres in western Canada, consisting of two theatres in Winnipeg and one in Edmonton.[19]

As Cineplex no longer held the rights to the branding, the Paramount Theatres locations were rebranded as Scotiabank Theatre as part of a joint venture with Scotiabank to launch a new loyalty program.[20][21]

With the bankruptcy of Fortune Cinemas, Cineplex Entertainment acquired (or in this case, re-acquired) some of Fortune Cinemas theatres. The Starcité Gatineau (Starcité Hull) and the Cavendish theaters were reopened as Cineplex Entertainment theatres.[citation needed]

In June 2012, as part of its exit from the Canadian market, AMC sold four of its Canadian cinemas to Cineplex, including the Yonge Dundas 24 at 10 Dundas East (Cineplex's original location and namesake), and the Forum in Montreal.[17] The company also earlier acquired the Tinseltown Movies 12 theatre from another American chain, Cinemark, in the Gastown neighbourhood of Vancouver.[citation needed]

Over the subsequent years, Cineplex expanded into advertising, events programming and a new concept, The Rec Room, amusement venues with live entertainment that serve food and drink.[22]

2013–2018: expansion, VIP Cinemas

Cineplex Cinemas Lansdowne & VIP in Ottawa opened in 2015.

In the 2010s, Cineplex began to deploy "VIP Cinemas" featuring reclining seats, in-seat meal services, and a licensed lounge. On August 15, 2014, Cineplex opened a dedicated VIP Cinemas Don Mills location, the first to be devoted solely to the format.[23][24] By 2017, the company had also begun to retrofit selected non-VIP auditoriums to feature reclining seating.[25]

On June 27, 2013, the Empire Company announced that it would divest its Empire Theatres operations in order to focus on its real-estate assets and grocery chain Sobeys. Cineplex acquired 24 former Empire locations in the Atlantic provinces as well as 2 in Ontario,[7] for around $200 million (Landmark Cinemas acquired the remainder, predominantly in Western Canada and Ontario).[26] In February 2014, Cineplex announced that it had acquired Empire's planned Lansdowne Park location in Ottawa, and would construct a new 10-screen cinema at the site with three VIP screens.[27]

2019–present: attempted acquisition by Cineworld

Ticket kiosks at Cineplex Fairview Mall (formerly SilverCity)

On December 16, 2019, Cineplex announced a definitive agreement to be acquired by the British cinema operator Cineworld Group, the second-largest film exhibitor worldwide,[28] pending shareholder and regulatory approval. Cineworld would be paying $34 per-share—a 42% premium over Cineplex's share price prior to the announcement, valuing the company at CDN$2.8 billion. Cineworld planned to pay US$1.65 billion, and to fund the remainder by taking on debt.[29][28]

Combined with its ownership of the 564-location Regal Cinemas chain in the United States (which it had acquired the previous year), the sale would have made Cineworld the largest cinema chain in North America.[29] Cineworld stated that it planned to integrate Cineplex's operations with those of Regal,[29] while maintaining Cineplex's banners for its Canadian operations.[30] The company also stated that it planned to reach $120 million in cost efficiencies and revenue synergies (including the adoption of a subscription service scheme similar to Regal and Cineworld) by the end of fiscal year 2020.[29]

The sale was approved by Cineplex shareholders in February 2020.[30] Activist shareholder Bluebell Capital Partners called for the Canadian government to block the sale due to the COVID-19 pandemic,[31] which in turn led to the temporary closure of all Cineplex properties for several months starting on March 16.[32] In May, Cineplex stated that Cineworld planned to complete the sale by June 2020, provided that it received federal approval under the Investment Canada Act, and that it met the terms of the sale agreement (including its debt not exceeding $725 million).[33]

On June 12, 2020, Cineworld abandoned the purchase, alleging that Cineplex had engaged in conduct that breached unspecified terms of the sale, and that the company had experienced a "material adverse effect" of an unspecified nature. Cineplex denied the claims and made counter-allegations. The agreement with Cineworld included a condition that the latter would pay a penalty in case it decided to cancel the deal.[34] In February 2021, CEO Ellis Jacob offered to temporarily convert Cineplex facilities into COVID-19 vaccination sites.[35] In July, Cineplex started legal action against Cineworld claiming financial damages and Cineworld counter-sued.[36]

In December 2021, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice ruled in favour of Cineplex, and ordered Cineworld to pay US$1 billion in damages for breach of contract. The company planned to appeal the ruling; Cineworld's shares fell by 40% in the immediate aftermath of the ruling.[37] In September 2022, it was reported that the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas had denied the appeal, amid Cineworld's Chapter 11 bankruptcy.[38][39] It was also reported by The Wall Street Journal that Cineplex was exploring the possibility of a separate merger with Regal.[40][39]

Operations

Theatre chains

Cineplex's flagship banners include Cineplex Cinemas (French: Cinémas Cineplex in Quebec), with some older locations still using the previous "Cineplex Odeon" branding, and Scotiabank Theatre. Cineplex Junxion was announced as a new cinema banner in 2019;[41][42] these locations feature expanded arcade, restaurant, and live entertainment areas in addition to traditional cinema auditoriums.[43]

Selected banners originating from Famous Players are still used by some locations, such as Famous Players and SilverCity (French: StarCité in Quebec), but these banners, as well as others (such as Coliseum and Colossus) have been largely replaced by Cineplex Cinemas (although in the case of Coliseum and Colossus, the unique architectural features of these theatres have been preserved), and Scotiabank Theatre in the case of Famous Players' Paramount cinemas. The Galaxy Theatres brand is primarily used by small and medium-market locations, although some have since been converted to the Cineplex Cinemas banner.

Premium formats

Selected Cineplex locations offer including large-screen formats, motion seats, and VIP for a higher ticket price. Following the premiere of Star Wars: The Force Awakens in 2015, Cineplex reported that at least 80% of customers watched the film with one of its premium formats, and 40% of the company's overall box office revenue came from premium formats.[44]

  • Prime Seats are reserved seating rows in selected auditoriums, near the middle of the audience. They were first piloted in Ontario in 2014, before receiving a wider roll-out.[45][46]
  • IMAX digital screens are available at 25 locations.[47] While most of these were acquired from other theatre chains, Cineplex opened several of its own digital IMAX screens, with the most recent being the Devonshire Mall in Windsor in 2022. The screen size is from about 73[48] to 119[49] feet, depending on the venue. Among the Cineplex locations, Scotiabank Theatre Toronto is the only one that offers IMAX with Laser projections.
    • IMAX 70 mm film screenings are available at five locations (As of July 2017): both Scotiabank Theatre locations in Alberta, the Langley location (former Colossus) in Metro Vancouver, and the Mississauga and Vaughan locations (former Coliseum and Colossus, respectively) in the Greater Toronto Area.[50] These locations, along with the Saskatchewan Science Centre in Regina, Saskatchewan, are the only locations in Canada to screen the Christopher Nolan films Dunkirk and Oppenheimer in the IMAX 70 mm format.[50][51]
  • ScreenX features a 270-degree panoramic screen, and is available at 15 locations.[52]
    • Cineplex previously offered Barco Escape, a similar panoramic format, at several locations. This format premiered in Canada on July 22, 2016 with Star Trek Beyond, featuring 20 minutes of the film optimised for this format.
  • UltraAVX is Cineplex's in-house premium large format, referring to auditoriums with larger "wall-to-wall" screens and 4K projectors, Dolby Atmos surround sound, and reserved seating.[44][53][54] Several UltraAVX auditoriums also feature a ScreenX panoramic screen or optional D-Box motion seating.
  • D-Box seats are available at selected locations, which offer motion effects synchronized with the film.[55][56]
  • VIP Cinemas are a premium concept catering to adults; the screens feature a "VIP Lounge" area with a licensed bar, reserved seating, leather reclining seats with tables, and in-seat meal services offering snacks and other premium menu options. Access to VIP Cinemas are restricted by the legal drinking age; depending on local laws, some locations also allow consumption of alcoholic beverages inside the auditorium (otherwise only allowing them to be consumed in the VIP Lounge area). VIP Cinemas are offered at selected flagship locations, and Cineplex has also constructed several locations devoted exclusively to the format.[57][58][59]
  • 4DX, a 4D film format, first launched at Cineplex Cinemas Yonge-Dundas on November 4, 2016. It debuted alongside the premiere of Doctor Strange as Canada's first cinema screen to feature the technology. 4DX includes stereoscopic 3D, as well as seat motion and other practical effects such as wind, strobes, and smell among others.[60] A second 4DX screen opened at Scotiabank Theatre Chinook Centre Calgary in August 2019.[61]
  • Clubhouse is an auditorium concept designed primarily for children, featuring family films, multi-colored seats and a play structure.[62]

Arcades and amusement

Arcades at Cineplex locations are primarily operated under the branding Xscape Entertainment Centre; the brand was first introduced in June 2009, and has since been deployed at 81 locations as of April 2023.[63][64] Early Xscape locations (such as SilverCity CrossIron Mills near Calgary) also featured licensed lounges and party rooms, but later builds have been designed as redemption-oriented refurbishments or conversions of existing space.[64] In 2017, Cineplex began to expand the Xscape brand internationally, beginning with two standalone Xscape arcades at the Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota.[65] Arcades that have not adopted the Xscape format use the brand Cinescape Games.[66]

In January 2015, Cineplex announced The Rec Room, a entertainment restaurant chain similar to the U.S.-based chain Dave & Buster's. The Rec Room targets a young adult demographic, with its locations featuring restaurants and bars, arcade and recreational game areas, simulators, and an auditorium equipped with a cinema-style screen.[67] Cineplex CEO Ellis Jacob explained that the chain is meant to help the company diversify beyond its core cinema business in the wake of the growing streaming industry,[68] The first location opened in Edmonton, Alberta on September 19, 2016 at the South Edmonton Common. A second location in Toronto, Ontario at Roundhouse Park opened in June 2017,[69] followed by a third location at the West Edmonton Mall.[70] The chain consists of 10 locations across Canada since the end of 2021.[citation needed]

Cineplex owns Playdium, an arcade and family entertainment centre chain focused on children and teens. The chain first launched in 1996 in Mississauga, Ontario. In 1997, Playdium partnered with Famous Players to operate arcades at its locations under the brand TechTown.[71][72] It expanded to four locations by June 1999, including Toronto, Edmonton and Burnaby. The Toronto location closed in 2002, and by the end of 2004, only the Mississauga location remained, which permanently closed on November 1, 2020. The chain was relaunched with two Ontario locations in 2019: Brampton on September 16, retrofitting the Cineplex Odeon Orion Gate theatre,[42][73] and Whitby on November 4. A third Playdium location opened in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia on February 20, 2021. Cineplex aims to have 10 to 15 Playdium locations across Canada.[citation needed]

In 2022, Cineplex launched Cineplex Junxion, a new cinema banner incorporating elements from The Rec Room's concept. The first Cineplex Junxion opened at Kildonan Place in Winnipeg in December 2022, succeeding the existing Famous Players location at the same site.[43] Another location at Erin Mills Town Centre in Mississauga opened on May 17, 2023.[74]

Virtual reality

D-Box VR theatre at Xscape in Scotiabank Theatre Ottawa

In November 2017, an IMAX VR centre opened at Scotiabank Theatre Toronto as IMAX VR's first location in Canada. The following month, a D-Box VR experience launched at the Ottawa location.[75][76] The IMAX VR centre closed in 2019, as part of the discontinuation of the IMAX VR pilot project.[77]

In July 2018, after having opened such an attraction at The Rec Room at Roundhouse Park, Cineplex Entertainment announced that it had reached an agreement to be the exclusive Canadian franchisee of The Void — a chain of mixed reality entertainment attractions.[78]

On September 13, 2018, Cineplex announced that it would acquire a stake in VRStudios—a Seattle-based provider of virtual reality installations, and utilize its equipment for as many as 40 VR centres across the country.[79]

Scene+

Launched in 2007, Scene+ is an entertainment rewards program jointly owned by Scotiabank and Cineplex Entertainment.[citation needed]

Food and beverages

Food bar in Cineplex Cinema Mississauga

Cineplex has an Outtakes (French: Restoplex) restaurant in many of its theatres, some which replace previous restaurant partners (Burger King, KFC Express, Pizza Pizza/Pizza 73, Pizza Hut Express, Taco Bell Express and New York Fries) and others which introduce restaurants at locations which did not previously feature one. VIP Cinemas and some Xscape locations feature a licensed lounge with more premium offerings compared to Outtakes.[citation needed]

Poptopia is a flavoured popcorn restaurant offered in a full-service format at 22 locations. Other Cineplex theatres may feature Poptopia at the concession stand, but only in the caramel corn and/or kettle corn flavours.[citation needed]

Ice cream at Cineplex locations debuted with Baskin-Robbins and TCBY. Beginning in December 2007, Yogen Früz became the preferred partner.[80] On January 1, 2014, Cineplex acquired a 50% stake in Yoyo's Yogurt Café.[81] As of January 2017, 77 Cineplex theatres feature Yoyo's restaurants, while Yogen Fruz is still available in 23 Cineplex theatres while TCBY is available in 16 locations.[82]

Beverages are available in both cold and hot formats. Cold beverages include the Coca-Cola lineup, which replaced the Pepsi lineup used at locations formerly owned by Famous Players. 12 locations feature Coca-Cola Freestyle.[83] Hot beverages include Starbucks as the incumbent provider with 105 locations,[84] all which offer Pike Place Roast coffee (regular or decaf) and Tazo tea. Select locations also offer premium drinks such as caffè mocha or caramel macchiato. Tim Hortons is available as a full-service restaurant in five locations,[85] with Brossard being the only location to offer both Tim Hortons and Starbucks.[86]

In most theatres, Cineplex offers sale of alcohol to 19+ patrons in Ontario (18+ in Alberta) similar to the VIP theatres albeit from a selection of beer or cider beverages.[citation needed]

Corporate governance

The current[when?] Chief Executive Officer and President of Cineplex Entertainment is Ellis Jacob. Alongside with Jacob are Jordan Banks who serves as a Facebook executive, Robert Bruce, Joan Dea, Ian Greenberg, the founder of Astral Media, Sarabjit S. Marwah, Anthony Munk, Edward Sonshine, Christopher Medlock, Robert J. Steacy and Phyllis Yaffe, who serves as its chair.

Criticism and controversy

The Motley Fool described Cineplex as having a "virtual monopoly" over the cinema market in Canada.[87]

In 2012, a class-action lawsuit was filed against Cineplex over locations refusing to honour the company's "Cheap Tuesdays" promotion. The company agreed to a $7,000 settlement, including a $25,000 charitable donation.[88][89]

In 2019, the producers of Unplanned, an anti-abortion-themed film, criticized Cineplex for initially declining to pick up the film after securing a Canadian distributor. They felt it amounted to an effective "ban" of the film from Canada due to the company's scale. The film's co-director Cory Solomon also, along with other anti-abortion activists and religious groups, called for a boycott of Cineplex. The company later announced that it would—joining competitor Landmark Cinemas and a handful of independent cinemas—screen Unplanned with a one-week limited release at 24 Cineplex locations. The decision was praised by opponents of abortion rights, but did lead to criticism from pro-choice groups due to disputes over the film's content (with the Alberta Pro-Choice Coalition stating that it planned to hold a peaceful protest outside Scotiabank Theatre Chinook Centre). The film itself had already attracted criticism from groups, such as the Abortion Rights Coalition of Canada, over its factual accuracy, with the Coalition describing it as "American propaganda".[90][91][92][93][94]

During the 2019 Toronto International Film Festival, festival organizers stated that Cineplex would no longer allow films distributed by an online video service (such as Amazon Video or Netflix) to be screened at the Scotiabank Theatre Toronto (which has been considered the "primary" venue of the event for major screenings) due to company policy, as the services do not adhere to industry-standard theatrical windows. ScreenDaily stated that this was "believed to be the first time an exhibitor’s position on theatrical windowing has affected scheduling at a major film festival".[95][96]

See also

  • List of Cineplex Entertainment movie theatres
  • Landmark Cinemas - second largest movie theatre chain in Canada

Notes

  1. ↑ The Canadian "Paramount Theatre" chain was not affiliated with the American chain with the same name.

References

  1. ↑ "Investors | FAQ's". http://ir.cineplex.com/investors/FAQs. 
  2. ↑ "Cineplex Inc. 2022 Annual Report". Cineplex Corporate. February 6, 2023. p. 7. https://mediafiles.cineplex.com/Annual%20Report%202022%20-%20FINAL-signed.pdf. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "CINEPLEX INC. 2021 Annual Report: Management's Discussions and Analysis". Cineplex.com. 2022-01-12. p. 33. https://mediafiles.cineplex.com/investor-relations/management-investment-circulars/Cineplex_AR2021_digital.pdf. 
  4. ↑ "Company Profile for Cineplex Galaxy Income Fund (CA;CGX.UN)". http://zenobank.com/index.php?symbol=CA;CGX.UN&page=quotesearch. 
  5. ↑ "Cineplex Annual Information Form". March 31, 2017. p. 4. http://irfiles.cineplex.com/reportsandfilings/home/AIF_2017_03_27_final.pdf. 
  6. ↑ "Cineplex 2018 Annual Report". Cineplex. http://irfiles.cineplex.com/Cineplex_AR_2018_online_version.pdf. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "Cineplex.com | Information". https://www.cineplex.com/Corporate/Information. 
  8. ↑ Cineplex Entertainment (January 18, 2012). "Cineplex Celebrates 100 Years of Movie Memories". http://www.cineplex.com/News/Cineplex-Celebrates-100-Years-of-Movie-Memories.aspx. 
  9. ↑ Moore, Paul S. (Fall 2003). "Nathan L. Nathanson Introduces Canadian Odeon: Producing national competition in film exhibition". Canadian Journal of Film Studies 12 (2): 22–45. doi:10.3138/cjfs.12.2.22. http://www.filmstudies.ca/journal/pdf/cj-film-studies122_Moore_Nathanson_g.pdf. Retrieved November 11, 2010. 
  10. ↑ "The Allen Family". Silent Cinema in Quebec. http://www.cinemamuetquebec.ca/content/bio/34?lang=en. 
  11. ↑ "Cineplex Corporate | undefined" (in en). https://corp.cineplex.com//about/history. 
  12. ↑ Wise, Wyndham (May 2001). "From The Editor". Take One (Canadian Independent Film & Television Publishing Association) 10 (32): 7. ISSN 1192-5507. http://0-find.galegroup.com.gigcat.midhudson.org/gps/infomark.do?&contentSet=IAC-Documents&type=retrieve&tabID=T003&prodId=IPS&docId=A76497135&source=gale&srcprod=ITOF&userGroupName=nysl_se_mhls&version=1.0. Retrieved November 11, 2010. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  13. ↑ "Onex-led investors buy beleaguered Loews Cineplex". 2001-06-13. https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/onex-led-investors-buy-beleaguered-loews-cineplex-1.272867. 
  14. ↑ "CINEPLEX GALAXY INCOME FUND 2003 ANNUAL REPORT". Cineplex Galaxy Income Fund. https://mediafiles.cineplex.com/investor-relations/reports/CGIF%202003%20Income%20Fund.pdf. 
  15. ↑ "CINEPLEX GALAXY ANNOUNCES SALE OF THEATRES TO EMPIRE THEATRES LIMITED". https://mediafiles.cineplex.com/_att/0cee5299-d78a-434e-8ed8-61179e4df807/2005-08-22--%20Cineplex%20Galaxy%20Announces%20Sale%20of%20Theatres%20to%20Empire%20Theatres%20Limited--.pdf. 
  16. ↑ "AMC Entertainment, Loews Cineplex to merge" (in en-US). 2005-06-21. https://www.seattletimes.com/business/amc-entertainment-loews-cineplex-to-merge/. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Cineplex buys 4 AMC theatres in Canada, including Yonge-Dundas location" (in en). 2012-06-22. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2012/06/22/cineplex_buys_4_amc_theatres_in_canada_including_yongedundas_location.html. 
  18. ↑ "INTRODUCING CINEPLEX ENTERTAINMENT A NEW NAME FOR CINEPLEX GALAXY LP". Cineplex Galaxy Income Fund. 2005-10-03. https://mediafiles.cineplex.com/_att/fd77c06c-e232-4dde-baf9-085ef3e77c26/2005-10-03--Introducing%20Cineplex%20Entertainment%20a%20New%20Name%20for%20Cineplex%20Galaxy%20LP--.pdf. 
  19. ↑ "Cineplex adds to theatres portfolio". Toronto Star. Canadian Press (Toronto). June 29, 2007. https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/230888. 
  20. ↑ "Scotiabank Replaces Paramount As Name Of One Of The City's Biggest Movie Theatres". https://toronto.citynews.ca/2007/01/24/scotiabank-replaces-paramount-as-name-of-one-of-the-citys-biggest-movie-theatres/. 
  21. ↑ Lostracco, Marc (2007-01-25). "Now Playing at the Scotiamount, er, Parabank". https://torontoist.com/2007/01/now_playing_at/. 
  22. ↑ "Cineplex to be bought by U.K.-based Cineworld in $2.8B deal". Global News. 16 December 2019. https://globalnews.ca/news/6301027/cineplex-cineplex-takeover-deal/. 
  23. ↑ "Cineplex VIP Cinemas Don Mills: Canada's first adults-only multiplex opens Friday" (in en). Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2014/08/15/cineplex_vip_cinemas_don_mills_canadas_first_adultsonly_multiplex_opens_friday.html. 
  24. ↑ "First standalone VIP cinema in Canada for Don Mills" (in en). Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2012/10/16/first_standalone_vip_cinema_in_canada_for_don_mills.html. 
  25. ↑ Daniszewski, Hank (June 27, 2017). "Cineplex plays catch-up with Landmark". http://www.lfpress.com/2017/06/27/cineplex-plays-catch-up-with-landmark. 
  26. ↑ "Empire to focus on Sobeys, sells theatres to Cineplex, Landmark". The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/empire-sells-theatre-business-cineplex-gets-26-locations-landmark-gets-20/article12853451/. 
  27. ↑ "Cineplex plans to open 10-screen Lansdowne Park theatre". February 24, 2014. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/cineplex-plans-to-open-10-screen-lansdowne-park-theatre-1.2549106. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Grater, Tom. "Cineworld set to create world's second-largest cinema group after $3.6bn Regal acquisition" (in en). https://www.screendaily.com/news/cineworld-set-to-create-worlds-second-largest-cinema-group-after-36bn-regal-acquisition/5124736.article. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 "Regal Owner Cineworld to Acquire Canada's Cineplex for $2.1 Billion" (in en). December 15, 2019. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cineworld-acquire-cineplex-1262868. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Cineworld's $2.8B takeover of Cineplex may lead to job losses". Toronto Star. 10 February 2019. https://www.thestar.com/business/2020/02/12/cineplex-q4-profit-down-from-year-ago-due-in-part-to-cineworld-deal-costs.html. 
  31. ↑ "Cineworld dives after Cineplex activist urges rejection of deal". 2020-03-16. https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/cineworld-dives-after-cineplex-activist-urges-rejection-of-deal-1.1406768. 
  32. ↑ Friend, David (2020-03-16). "'The time has come': Cineplex closing all theatres across Canada" (in en). https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/the-time-has-come-cineplex-closing-all-theatres-across-canada-1.4855764. 
  33. ↑ Goldsmith, Jill (2020-06-12). "U.K. Exhibitor Cineworld Terminates Deal To Buy Cineplex Of Canada" (in en). https://deadline.com/2020/06/u-k-exhibitor-cineworld-terminates-deal-buy-cineplex-canada-1202958229/. 
  34. ↑ "Cineworld Calls Off Cineplex Movie Theater Deal" (in en). June 12, 2020. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cineworld-calls-cineplex-acquisition-1288894. 
  35. ↑ Friend, David (2021-02-11). "Cineplex willing to turn movie theatres into coronavirus vaccine sites: CEO" (in en-US). https://globalnews.ca/news/7635048/cineplex-coronavirus-vaccine-distribution/. 
  36. ↑ "Canada's Cineplex Sues Regal Cinemas Owner Cineworld Over Aborted Acquisition Deal" (in en). July 6, 2020. https://variety.com/2020/biz/news/cineworld-cineplex-deal-1234698760/. 
  37. ↑ "Cineplex awarded $1 billion in damages over aborted Cineworld takeover" (in en-CA). Bloomberg News. https://financialpost.com/fp-finance/cineworld-plummets-on-prospect-of-1-billion-canadian-damages. 
  38. ↑ "U.S. court ruling in Cineworld bankruptcy proceedings halts Cineplex case in Ontario" (in en). https://kitchener.citynews.ca/national-business/us-court-ruling-in-cineworld-bankruptcy-proceedings-halts-cineplex-case-in-ontario-5884613. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Goldsmith, Jill (2022-09-28). "Cineworld Sets Timing Of Bankruptcy Reorganization Plan; Cineplex Denied Hearing Over Scuttled Merger But May Be Eyeing Regal" (in en-US). https://deadline.com/2022/09/regal-cineword-cineplex-bankruptcy-chapter-11-reorganization-1235129662/. 
  40. ↑ Scurria, Alexander Saeedy, Alexander Gladstone and Andrew (2022-09-28). "Cineplex Seeks to Revive Regal Merger After Cineworld Bankruptcy" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/cineplex-seeks-to-revive-regal-merger-after-cineworldbankruptcy-11664357404. 
  41. ↑ "Cineplex to open 'cinema of the future' in the GTA in 2020" (in en). 2019-11-27. https://www.thestar.com/business/2019/11/27/cineplex-to-open-cinema-of-the-future-in-the-gta-in-2020.html. 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 "Cineplex's bold plan to battle streaming giants like Netflix". The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/rob-magazine/article-cineplexs-bold-plan-to-battle-streaming-giants-like-netflix/. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 Toneguzzi, Mario (2023-01-29). "Cineplex Launches New 'Junxion' Entertainment Concept with Additional Canadian Locations Planned [Interviews"] (in en-US). https://retail-insider.com/retail-insider/2023/01/cineplex-launches-new-junxion-entertainment-concept-with-additional-canadian-locations-planned-interviews/. 
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 "Cineplex's premium-seating options providing big boost to box office revenue" (in en-US). Financial Post. December 29, 2015. http://financialpost.com/technology/cineplexs-premium-seating-options-providing-big-boost-to-box-office-revenue. 
  45. ↑ "Why don't movie theatres eliminate the front row?" (in en). Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2015/11/23/why-dont-movie-theatres-eliminate-the-front-row.html. 
  46. ↑ "Cineplex's premium-priced seats get two thumbs up" (in en-US). Macleans.ca. May 24, 2014. https://www.macleans.ca/economy/two-thumbs-up-for-premium-priced-movie-theatre-seats/. 
  47. ↑ Cineplex (December 19, 2014). "IMAX Locations". http://cineplex.com/experiences/imax. 
  48. ↑ "SilverCity Windsor Cinemas & IMAX". Cinergetics, LLC. http://www.lfexaminer.com/searchResults.asp?SearchType=Theater&sname=Windsor+Cpx. 
  49. ↑ "Cinema Cineplex IMAX aux Galeries de la Capitale". Cinergetics, LLC. http://www.lfexaminer.com/searchResults.asp?SearchType=Theater&sname=Quebec+Cpx. 
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 "EXPERIENCE DUNKIRK IN IMAX 70MM FILM AND IMAX WITH LASER". June 27, 2017. https://www.imax.com/news/experience-dunkirk-imax-70mm-film-and-imax-laser. 
  51. ↑ "Experience Oppenheimer in IMAX 70mm Film at Select Locations for a Limited Time". May 31, 2023. https://www.imax.com/news/oppenheimer-in-imax-70mm. 
  52. ↑ ScreenX
  53. ↑ "How Premium Large Format Auditoriums Are Helping Welcome Audiences Back to the Movies" (in en-US). 2021-07-29. https://www.boxofficepro.com/giants-premium-format-2021/. 
  54. ↑ "Going Big: More and more circuits invest in Premium Large Format brands". http://fj.webedia.us/features/going-big-more-and-more-circuits-invest-premium-large-format-brands. 
  55. ↑ "New motion seats add excitement to movies at Cineplex Odeon Windsor" (in en-US). Windsor Star. June 23, 2016. http://windsorstar.com/news/local-news/new-motion-seats-add-excitement-to-movies-at-cineplex-odeon-windsor. 
  56. ↑ "How Montreal-based D-BOX Technologies' seats are rumbling their way into more cinemas" (in en-US). Financial Post. December 29, 2015. http://financialpost.com/technology/how-montreal-based-d-box-technologies-seats-are-rumbling-their-way-into-more-cinemas. 
  57. ↑ "Lansdowne VIP Cinemas: An adults-only experience" (in en-US). Ottawa Citizen. April 13, 2015. http://ottawacitizen.com/entertainment/local-reviews/lansdowne-vip-cinemas-an-adults-only-experience. 
  58. ↑ "Cineplex opens new adults-only VIP theatres at Queensway" (in en). Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2014/01/07/cineplex_opens_new_adultsonly_vip_theatres_at_queensway.html. 
  59. ↑ "Cineplex VIP theatres coming to Saskatoon" (in en-US). CBC News. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatoon/cineplex-vip-theatres-coming-to-saskatoon-1.1301273. 
  60. ↑ "Effects you can see, feel and smell at Canada's first 4DX cinema" (in en). Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2016/11/04/effects-you-can-see-feel-and-smell-at-canadas-first-4dx-cinema.html. 
  61. ↑ "4DX theatre opens at Chinook Centre" (in en). 2019-08-12. https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/4dx-theatre-opens-at-chinook-centre-1.4545919. 
  62. ↑ "Cineplex Cinemas in Saskatoon: Kid-friendly theatre and more". October 25, 2019. https://saskatoon.ctvnews.ca/kid-friendly-theatre-and-more-5-things-to-know-about-saskatoon-s-revamped-cineplex-cinemas-1.4655604. 
  63. ↑ "CINEPLEX INC. 2022 ANNUAL REPORT". February 6, 2023. p. 18. https://mediafiles.cineplex.com/investor-relations/reports/CineplexMD_A%20(2022%20Annual)%20(Year%20end%20template).pdf. 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 "The XSCAPE factor: Cineplex offers even more fun with entertaining centres". http://www.filmjournal.com/content/xscape-factor-cineplex-offers-even-more-fun-entertaining-centres. 
  65. ↑ "P1AG Opens at Mall of America" (in en-US). RePlay Magazine. June 16, 2017. https://www.replaymag.com/p1ag-opens-at-mall-of-america/. 
  66. ↑ "Cinescape Games" (in en). December 6, 2017. https://www.cineplex.com/search-2015?search-query=%22CINESCAPE+GAMES%22. 
  67. ↑ "Roundhouse to get Cineplex 'social destination' for dining, entertainment". February 23, 2016. https://www.thestar.com/business/2016/02/23/roundhouse-to-get-cineplex-social-destination-for-dining-entertainment.html. 
  68. ↑ "Entertainment and eats emporium the Rec Room opens in Toronto". July 1, 2017. https://www.thestar.com/business/2017/07/01/entertainment-and-eats-emporium-the-rec-room-opens-in-toronto.html. 
  69. ↑ "Be a virtual Ghostbuster at Toronto's new Cineplex Rec Room". June 30, 2017. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2017/06/30/be-a-virtual-ghostbuster-at-torontos-new-cineplex-rec-room.html. 
  70. ↑ "Second Rec Room location almost ready to go in West Edmonton Mall" (in en-US). Edmonton Journal. July 6, 2017. http://edmontonjournal.com/business/commercial-real-estate/new-rec-room-location-underway-in-west-edmonton-mall. 
  71. ↑ Mathur, Meg (1998-05-04). "Special Report on Distribution and Exhibition: Exhibitors in expansive mood". https://playbackonline.ca/1998/05/04/21598-19980504/. 
  72. ↑ "For the Record: Playdium signs TechTown deal". 1997-02-03. https://strategyonline.ca/1997/02/03/13070-19970203/. 
  73. ↑ "Canada's First-Ever Upgraded Playdium Just Opened In Ontario And It's Absolutely Huge (PHOTOS)" (in en-CA). September 16, 2019. https://www.narcity.com/things-to-do/ca/on/toronto/canadas-new-playdium-complex-just-opened-in-ontario-and-its-gigantic. 
  74. ↑ Longwell, Karen (2023-05-16). "Huge movie theatre and entertainment complex opens in Mississauga |" (in en-US). https://www.insauga.com/huge-movie-theatre-and-entertainment-complex-opens-in-mississauga/. 
  75. ↑ "Toronto's new IMAX VR arcade shows how virtual reality can shape your local theater". The Verge. https://www.theverge.com/2017/11/17/16669894/imax-vr-scotiabank-theatre-toronto. 
  76. ↑ "Virtual Cineplex: Canada's leading circuit unveils a new entertainment reality" (in en). http://www.filmjournal.com/features/virtual-cineplex-canadas-leading-circuit-unveils-new-entertainment-reality. 
  77. ↑ "Imax Is Shutting Down Its VR Business, Closing Remaining Three VR Centers in Q1". December 13, 2018. https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/imax-vr-is-dead-1203089351/. 
  78. ↑ "Cineplex to add at least 5 more Void virtual-reality experience centres" (in en-US). CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/cineplex-virtual-reality-1.4740584. 
  79. ↑ "Cineplex signs deal to open 30 to 40 VR installations across Canada". The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-cineplex-signs-deal-to-open-30-to-40-vr-installations-across-canada/. 
  80. ↑ Yogen Fruz Goes to the Movies YogenFruz.com
  81. ↑ Cineplex (January 9, 2014). "Cineplex acquires 50 per cent stake in YoYo's Yogurt Cafe". http://mediafiles.cineplex.com/_att/76dc45f2-a2c5-4a47-9b33-5768591eef14/YoYo_acquisition_FINAL.pdf. 
  82. ↑ Yoyo's Yogurt Cafe. "Locations". http://www.yoyosyogurtcafe.com/locations. 
  83. ↑ Li, Anita (July 20, 2012). "Building a better movie theatre". Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2012/07/20/building_a_better_movie_theatre.html. 
  84. ↑ "Starbucks". Cineplex Entertainment. http://www.cineplex.com/Theatres/FoodAndDrink/Starbucks. 
  85. ↑ "Tim Hortons". Cineplex Entertainment. http://www.cineplex.com/Theatres/FoodAndDrink/Tim-Hortons. 
  86. ↑ "Cinéma Cineplex Odeon Brossard et VIP". Cineplex Entertainment. http://www.cineplex.com/Theatre/cinema-cineplex-odeon-brossard-et-vip. 
  87. ↑ "This Canadian Monopoly Is a Falling Knife That's Plunged ~40% Peak to Trough" (in en-CA). 2018-01-30. https://www.fool.ca/2018/01/30/this-canadian-monopoly-is-a-falling-knife-thats-plunged-40-peak-to-trough/. 
  88. ↑ "Cineplex faces lawsuit over discount ticket policies". November 22, 2012. https://www.timescolonist.com/life/cineplex-faces-lawsuit-over-discount-ticket-policies-1.6444. 
  89. ↑ "Notice of Certification and Settlement CURRENT AND FORMER CUSTOMERS OF CINEPLEX "CHEAP TUESDAYS"". http://mediafiles.cineplex.com/Corporate/Information/2015/Settlement_Notice.pdf. 
  90. ↑ "Edmonton movie-goers celebrate Cineplex screening of anti-abortion film". July 12, 2019. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/edmonton-movie-goers-celebrate-cineplex-screening-of-anti-abortion-film-1.5210862. 
  91. ↑ "Anti-abortion movie 'Unplanned' to play in more than 24 Canadian theatres" (in en). 2019-07-08. https://globalnews.ca/news/5471878/anti-abortion-movie-unplanned-canada-theatres/. 
  92. ↑ Hertz, Barry (June 12, 2019). "Controversial anti-abortion film Unplanned heading to Canadian theatres". The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/article-controversial-anti-abortion-film-unplanned-heading-to-canadian/. 
  93. ↑ Deibert, Dave (2019-07-09). "Cineplex theatres in Saskatoon, Regina to screen controversial anti-abortion film Unplanned" (in en). Saskatoon StarPhoenix. https://thestarphoenix.com/news/local-news/cineplex-theatres-in-saskatoon-regina-to-screen-controversial-anti-abortion-film-unplanned. 
  94. ↑ "Three Calgary venues to screen anti-abortion film 'Unplanned'" (in en). 2019-07-09. https://calgary.ctvnews.ca/three-calgary-venues-to-screen-anti-abortion-film-unplanned-1.4500076. 
  95. ↑ Lindahl, Chris (2019-09-07). "TIFF Confirms Cineplex Policy Banning Netflix and Amazon From Primary Screening Venue" (in en). https://www.indiewire.com/2019/09/netflix-amazon-streaming-theater-operators-tiff-1202171757/. 
  96. ↑ "TIFF confirms Scotiabank Theatre's new rules on Netflix and Amazon titles". September 8, 2019. https://www.screendaily.com/news/tiff-confirms-scotiabank-theatres-new-rules-on-netflix-and-amazon-titles/5142695.article. 

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