Company:National Information Network

From HandWiki
National Information Network of Iran
Native name
شبکه ملی اطلاعات
FormerlyNational internet
TypeNational intranet, Government project
IndustryComputer network
Founded2016; 10 years ago (2016)[1]
Area served
Islamic Republic of Iran
Key people
Mohammad-Javad Azari Jahromi, Abolhassan Firouzabadi,[2][3] Rasoul Saraian[4]
OwnerGovernment of the Islamic Republic of Iran
ASNs
Traffic Levels18000 Gbit/s[5]
Websiterrk.ir/Laws/ShowLaw.aspx?Code=22455 https://web.archive.org/web/20120511174429/http://matma.ir/matma/images/files/INN_Summery_2.pdf

The National Information Network (NIN; Persian: شبکۀ ملی اطلاعات, romanized: Shabake-ye Melli-ye Ettelā'āt), also known as National Internet in Iran and the Iranian intranet, is an Iranian ongoing project to develop a secure, stable infrastructure network and national intranet in Iran.

The Supreme Council of Cyberspace defines the NIN as "a network based on the Internet Protocol with switches and routers and data centers which allows for data requests to avoid being routed outside of the country and provides secure and private intranet networks."[6]

It is a domestic network which connects to the external internet via a government controlled gateway. This allows the Iranian government to control and filter traffic between people in Iran and the outside world.

History

The idea of a national intranet was developed at the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology in 2005, and the project started in 2013.[7][8][9] It is based on the Fifth Economic Development Plan of Iran.[10]

The Iranian government allocated about $200 million to develop NIN infrastructures alongside NIN e-content.[11] Iranian president Hassan Rouhani signed an engineering program in September 2020.[relevant? – discuss][12] According to the Iranian government, one of the NIN's main objectives is to break the monopoly of the Internet.[13]

Cisco Systems routers and switches were deprecated because of the program.[14] It has full independence.[15]

Iranian seventh quinquennial development program directed the Ministry of ICT to make it to 99% of the network within five years.[when?][16]

During the 2025-26 protests, all internet was shut off in Iran, including the NIN.[17]

Technical features

The National Information Network's two main parts are:

  • A public sector for delivering NIN services to public and business users
  • A private sector for delivering NIN services to governmental users.

Everyone is identified by their social ID and telephone numbers before being able to access the network or internet through the network.[18]

It is a domestic network which connects to the external internet. It regulates autonomous systems using the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) and separates internal and external traffic. When Iranians connect to the internet, they are automatically connected to the NIN.[19][20]

The NIN manages the .ir domain name and can identify owners of websites. Parents can request the NIN to filter what websites their children can access.[19]

Corporations are required to use only Iranian data centers and register their IP address.[21]

NIN can be used in a similar way as China's Great Firewall.[22] The NIN can be configured to allow Iranians to only access domestic websites and not foreign websites. It can be configured to allow banks and organizations to access the external internet during times of internal crises.[19]

In 2019, Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Movahedi Kermani in Tehran declared in a Friday prayer that Telegram is haram and requested the NIN to be implemented.[23]

Deployment

Flickr censorship in 2008

The Iranian government fully implemented the NIN between 15 and 27 November 2019, during the 2019 Internet blackout in Iran.[24]

Further reading

  • ICT Infrastructure (National Information Network) in capable delivery of content in Iran and exemplary countries[25]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "فاز اول شبکه ملی اطلاعات در ایران افتتاح شد - BBC Persian". 28 August 2016. https://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2016/08/160828_l57_iran_ict_national_network_first_stage. 
  2. ↑ "Treasury Targets Human Rights Abuses, Censorship, and Enhanced Monitoring by the Iranian Government | U.S. Department of the Treasury". https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm0397. 
  3. ↑ "ریاست مرکز". http://www.majazi.ir/general_content/75704-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86-%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C.html?t=%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C. 
  4. ↑ "انتصاب رسول سراییان به عنوان معاون وزیر ارتباطات و رییس سازمان فناوری اطلاعات | خبرگزاری ایلنا". https://www.ilna.news/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-4/570878-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA. 
  5. ↑ "ظرفیت هسته شبکه ملی اطلاعات به 18 هزار گیگابایت افزایش یافته است". 27 May 2020. https://www.zoomit.ir/tech-iran/358979-iran-national-information-network-18000-gb/. 
  6. ↑ "1640". http://www.rrk.ir/Laws/ShowLaw.aspx?Code=1640. 
  7. ↑ Jafari, Hamed (2016-08-29). "Iran Initiates the First Phase of the National Information Network". http://techrasa.com/2016/08/29/iran-initiates-first-phase-national-information-network/. 
  8. ↑ Tajdin, Behrang (2013-04-27). "Will Iran's national internet mean no world wide web?" (in en-GB). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-22281336. 
  9. ↑ "The National Information Network (National Internet) – Center for Human Rights in Iran". 10 November 2014. https://www.iranhumanrights.org/2014/11/internet-reportthe-national-information-network-national-internet/. 
  10. ↑ "Iran launches National Information Network" (in en). Mehr News Agency. 2016-08-28. http://en.mehrnews.com/news/119304/Iran-launches-National-Information-Network. 
  11. ↑ "Cuts and Extensions in Iran's ICT 2017/18 Budget" (in en-US). Financial Tribune. 2016-12-13. https://financialtribune.com/articles/sci-tech/55397/cuts-and-extensions-in-irans-ict-201718-budget. 
  12. ↑ "طرح کلان و معماری شبکه ملی اطلاعات تصویب شد - ایرنا". https://www.irna.ir/news/84040267. 
  13. ↑ "national information network". https://esfahan.ict.gov.ir/ir/hozahayfaliat/fanavari/ito-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA. 
  14. ↑ ""سیسکو" با شبکه ملی اطلاعات ایران وداع کرد- اخبار اجتماعی تسنیم - Tasnim" (in fa). https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1397/10/11/1913016/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF. 
  15. ↑ "الزامات شبکه ملی اطلاعات". http://www.majazi.ir/general_content/79683/swd_id/13825/unitWdId/53769/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA.html?t=%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A. 
  16. ↑ "اجرای 99درصد شبکه ملی اطلاعات تا پایان برنامه هفتم توسعه/ اینترنت ملی می‌شود؟ – تجارت نیوز". https://tejaratnews.com/startup/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA-1402. 
  17. ↑ "How Iran is enforcing an unprecedented digital blackout to crush protests" (in en). 2026-01-12. https://www.rfi.fr/en/international/20260112-how-iran-is-enforcing-an-unprecedented-digital-blackout-to-crush-protests. 
  18. ↑ "کاربران ایرانی به زودی احراز هویت می‌شوند" (in fa-IR). 2018-12-14. https://itiran.com/2018/12/14/آغاز-طرح-احراز-هویت-کاربران/. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "Infrastructure of Information and Communication Technology (National Information Network) in the capable delivery of content in Iran and exemplary countries". https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/report/show/1008235?_x_tr_sl=fa&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en. 
  20. ↑ "National Information Network Specifications". https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20170809231755/http://shahrsazi.tehran.ir/Portals/barnamerizi/ITDept/%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87%20%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%20%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%20%DA%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA.pdf?_x_tr_sl=fa&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en. 
  21. ↑ "The_National_Internet". https://www.article19.org/data/files/The_National_Internet_AR_KA_final.pdf. 
  22. ↑ "وقتی چین با شبکه ملی اطلاعات، جلوی چالش های فضای مجازی را گرفت- اخبار خواندنی - اخبار رسانه ها تسنیم - Tasnim" (in fa). https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1398/08/20/2137924/%D9%88%D9%82%D8%AA%DB%8C-%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C-%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D8%A7-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA. 
  23. ↑ "خطیب جمعه تهران: تلگرام حرام است؛ مانند چینی‌ها عمل کنیم". https://farsi.alarabiya.net/fa/2019/03/01/%D8%AE%D8%B7%DB%8C%D8%A8-%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%84%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%9B-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF-%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84-%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85-. 
  24. ↑ "Partial internet disruption registered in Iran" (in en-US). 2019-12-25. https://netblocks.org/reports/partial-internet-disruption-registered-in-iran-oAvqX18Y. 
  25. ↑ Abolghasem, Rajabi. "ICT Infrastructure (National Information Network) in capable delivery of content in Iran and exemplary countries". Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of IRAN. http://rc.majlis.ir/fa/report/show/1008235. Retrieved 2020-09-18. 



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