Datafication
Datafication is a technological trend turning many aspects of our life into data[1][2] which is subsequently transferred into information realised as a new form of value.[3] Kenneth Cukier and Viktor Mayer-Schönberger introduced the term datafication to the broader lexicon in 2013.[4] Up until this time, datafication had been associated with the analysis of representations of our lives captured through data, but not on the present scale. This change was primarily due to the impact of big data and the computational opportunities afforded to predictive analytics.
Datafication is not the same as digitization, which takes analog content—books, films, photographs—and converts it into digital information, a sequence of ones and zeros that computers can read. Datafication is a far broader activity: taking all aspects of life and turning them into data [...] Once we datafy things, we can transform their purpose and turn the information into new forms of value[2]
There is an ideological aspect of datafication, called dataism: "the drive towards datafication is rooted in a belief in the capacity of data to represent social life, sometimes better or more objectively than pre-digital (human) interpretations.”[5]
Examples
Examples of datafication as applied to social and communication media are how Twitter datafies stray thoughts or datafication of HR by LinkedIn and others. Alternative examples are diverse and include aspects of the built environment, and design via engineering and or other tools that tie data to formal, functional or other physical media outcomes. Data collection and -processing for optimal control (e.g. shape optimization) is an example.
Impact
- Human resources
- Data obtained from mobile phones, apps or social media usage is used to identify potential employees and their specific characteristics such as risk taking profile and personality. This data will replace personality tests. Rather using the traditional personality tests or the exams that measure the analytical thinking, using the data obtained through datafication will change existing exam providers. Also, with this data new personality measures will be developed.[6][7]
- Insurance and Banking
- Data is used to understand an individual's risk profile and likelihood to pay a loan.
- Customer relationship management
- Various industries are using datafication to understand their customers better and create appropriate triggers based on each customer's personality and behaviour. This data is obtained from the language and tone a person uses in emails, phone calls or social medias.[8]
- Smart city
- Through the data obtained from the sensors that are implemented into the smart city, issues that can arise might be noticed and tackled in areas such as transportation, waste management, logistics, and energy. On the basis of real-time data, commuters could change their routes when there is a traffic jam. With the sensors that can measure air and water quality, cities can not only gain a more detailed understanding of the pollution levels, but may also enact new environmental regulations based on real-time data.[7]
See also
- Digital citizen
- Data mining
- Data science
- Digitization/ Digitalization
- Digital transformation
- Big data
- Ethics of artificial intelligence
- Big data ethics
- Machine learning
- Mass surveillance
- Real-time data
- Surveillance capitalism
References
- ↑ Newell, Sue; Marabelli, Marco (2015). "Strategic opportunities (and challenges) of algorithmic decision-making: A call for action on the long-term societal effects of 'datification'". Journal of Strategic Information Systems 24 (1): 3–14. doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2015.02.001. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315134740. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cukier, Kenneth; Mayer-Schönberger, Viktor (2013). "The Rise of Big Data". Foreign Affairs (May/June): 35. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139104/kenneth-neil-cukier-and-viktor-mayer-schoenberger/the-rise-of-big-data. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
- ↑ O'Neil, Cathy; Schutt, Rachel (2013). Doing Data Science. O’Reilly Media. pp. 406. ISBN 978-1-4493-5865-5.
- ↑ Biltgen, Patrick; Ryan, Stephen (1 January 2016). Activity-Based Intelligence: Principles and Applications (1 ed.). Norwood, MA: Artech House. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-60807-876-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=KGyPCwAAQBAJ&q=datafication+applications&pg=PA151. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
- ↑ Hintz, Arne (2019). Digital citizenship in a datafied society. Lina Dencik, Karin Wahl-Jorgensen. Cambridge, UK. pp. 41. ISBN 978-1-5095-2716-8. OCLC 1028901550. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1028901550.
- ↑ Moore, Melissa. "Turning Personality Into Data". Mattersight Corporation. http://www.mattersight.com/blog/turning-personality-into-data/.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 https://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/news/2014/4/the-impact-of-datafication-on-strategic-landscapes.pdf[bare URL PDF]
- ↑ Moore, Melissa. "Turning Personality Into Data". Mattersight Corporation. http://www.mattersight.com/blog/turning-personality-into-data/.
- ↑ Amsterdam Smart City. "Amsterdam Smart City ~ Climate Street". http://amsterdamsmartcity.com/projects/detail/id/9/slug/climate-street. Retrieved 30 May 2015.
External links
- "Digitization, digitalization and digital transformation: the differences". 2016-07-25. https://www.i-scoop.eu/digitization-digitalization-digital-transformation-disruption/.
- "From digitization to datafication. A new challenge is approaching archaeology". http://www.archaide.eu/documents/20181/128971/AIUCD-2017_Gattiglia.pdf/.
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