Earth:Ch'iyar Qullu (Oruro)
| Ch'iyar Qullu | |
|---|---|
  Ch'iyar Qullu Location in Bolivia | |
| Highest point | |
| Coordinates | [ ⚑ ] : 19°26′00″S 67°23′00″W / 19.4333333°S 67.3833333°W [1][2] |
| Geography | |
| Location | Bolivia, Oruro Department, Ladislao Cabrera Province |
| Parent range | Andes |
Ch'iyar Qullu (Aymara ch'iyara black, qullu mountain,[3] "black mountain", also spelled Chiar Kkollu) is a volcanic centre in Bolivia. It is located in the Oruro Department, Ladislao Cabrera Province, Salinas de Garci Mendoza Municipality, northeast of Salinas de Garci Mendoza, near a maar named Jayu Quta ("salt lake").[4]
It is a sill formed from primitive phyric alkali basalt that closely resembles ocean island basalt in composition and now appears as a hill. The rocks contain augite and olivine and the eruption site coincides with a local lineament[2][5] and is of Miocene age,[6] with dates of 22.51±0.45 mya by Ar-Ar dating and 25.2±0.5 mya by K-Ar dating.[5] The Ch'iyar Qullu magmas are Central Andes intraplate magmas and originate from the upper mantle.[7]
References
- ↑ Pierre Soler, Gabriel Carlier, Michel G. Bonhomme, Michel FornariFORNARI, Field Observations and K-Ar DAting of the Cerro Chiar Kkollu (Southern Altiplano, Bolivia), Second ISAG, Oxford (UK), 21-23/9/1993 (see coordinates and sketch map)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Davidson, Jon P.; de Silva, Shanaka L. (1992). "Volcanic rocks from the Bolivian Altiplano: Insights into crustal structure, contamination, and magma genesis in the central Andes". Geology 20 (12): 1127. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<1127:VRFTBA>2.3.CO;2. Bibcode: 1992Geo....20.1127D.
- ↑ Template:Ref Bertonio
- ↑ "Salinas de Garco Mendoza". INE, Bolivia. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160127111355/http://www.ine.gob.bo/publicaciones/visorPdf.aspx?Codigo=040801&tipo=1. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Davidson, Jon P.; de Silva, Shanaka L. (April 1995). "Late Cenozoic magmatism of the Bolivian Altiplano". Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 119 (4): 387–408. doi:10.1007/BF00286937. Bibcode: 1995CoMP..119..387D.
- ↑ McLeod, C. L.; Davidson, J. P.; Nowell, G. M.; de Silva, S. L. (26 March 2012). "Disequilibrium melting during crustal anatexis and implications for modeling open magmatic systems". Geology 40 (5): 435–438. doi:10.1130/G33000.1. Bibcode: 2012Geo....40..435M. http://dro.dur.ac.uk/12224/1/12224.pdf.
- ↑ Mazzuoli, R.; Vezzoli, L.; Omarini, R.; Acocella, V.; Gioncada, A.; Matteini, M.; Dini, A.; Guillou, H. et al. (7 November 2008). "Miocene magmatism and tectonics of the easternmost sector of the Calama-Olacapato-El Toro fault system in Central Andes at 24 S: Insights into the evolution of the Eastern Cordillera". Geological Society of America Bulletin 120 (11–12): 1493–1517. doi:10.1130/B26109.1. Bibcode: 2008GSAB..120.1493M. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03193227/file/Maz1.pdf.
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