Earth:Exter Formation
From HandWiki
| Exter Formation Stratigraphic range: Rhaetian ~208–201 Ma | |
|---|---|
 Exter Formation at Krauthausen | |
| Type | Formation |
| Unit of | Keuper |
| Sub-units | Rinteln, Oeynhausen & Vahlbruch Subformations |
| Underlies | Black Jurassic |
| Overlies | Arnstadt & Trossingen Formations |
| Thickness | Typically between 100 and 150 m (330 and 490 ft) Locally 250 m (820 ft) in northern Germany Up to 45 m (148 ft) in southern Germany |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Claystone, siltstone, sandstone |
| Other | Coal |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | [ ⚑ ] : 48°36′N 9°06′E / 48.6°N 9.1°E |
| Paleocoordinates | [ ⚑ ] 36°06′N 10°48′E / 36.1°N 10.8°E |
| Region | Niedersachsen, Baden-Württemberg, Westphalia, Bavaria |
| Country |  Germany |
| Extent | Widespread |
  Exter Formation (Germany) | |
The Exter Formation is the only formation of the Upper Keuper or Rhätsandstein, and is a geologic formation in Germany . It preserves fossils dating back to the Rhaetian of the Triassic period (specifically around 205 Ma).[1][2]
Fossil content
The formation has provided fossils of:[1][2]
Mammals
Therapsids
- Chalepotherium plieningeri
Reptiles
- "Ichthyosaurus" rhaeticus
- Megalosaurus cloacinus
- Nothosaurus cloacinus
- Phytosaurus cubicodon?
- Phytosaurus cylindricodon?
- Plateosaurus ornatus
- Rhaeticosaurus mertensi[3]
- Termatosaurus albertii
- Termatosaurus crocodilinus
- Plateosaurus sp.[4]
- Plesiosauria indet.
Fish
- Ceratodus cloacinus
- C. heteromorphus
- C. parvus
- C. trapezoides
- Hybodus cloacinus
- H. sublaevis
- Lissodus minimus
- Nemacanthus monilifer
- Sargodon tomicus
- Acrodus sp.
- Asterolepis sp.
- Raja sp.
Insects
- Triassothemis gartzii[5]
Flora
- Becklesia franconica[6]
See also
- List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Germany
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Exter Formation at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rhätkeuper at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Wintrich et al., 2017
- ↑ Fraas, 1897
- ↑ Bapth et al., 2013
- ↑ Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert et al., 2021
Bibliography
- Van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, J. H. A.; C. Pott; S. Schmeißner; G. Dütsch, and E. Kustatscher. 2021. The Rhaetian flora of Wüstenwelsberg, Bavaria, Germany: Description of selected gymnosperms (Ginkgoales, Cycadales, Coniferales) together with an ecological assessment of the locally prevailing vegetation. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology in press. .. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104398
- Wintrich, T.; S. Hayashi; A. Houssaye; Y. Nakajima, and P. M. Sander. 2017. A Triassic plesiosaurian skeleton and bone histology inform on evolution of a unique body plan. Science Advances 3. e1701144.
- Barth, G.; A. Nel, and M. Franz. 2013. Two new odonate-like insect wings from the latest Norian of northern Germany. Polish Journal of Entomology 82. 127–142.
- v. Huene, F. 1940. Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Pars 93: Mammalia Triadica, 1-13. F. Quenstedt (ed.).
- Hennig, E. 1922. Die Säugerzähne des württembergischen Rhät-Lias-Bonebeds. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie 46. 181–267.
- Fraas, E. 1897. Reste von Zanclodon aus dem oberen Keuper vom Langenberge bei Wolfenbüttel - Remains of Zanclodon from the upper Keuper of Langenberge near Wolfenbüttel. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 49. 482–485.
- Plieninger, W. H. 1847. Zahne aus der oberen Grenzbreccie des Keupers bei Degerloch und Steinenbronn. Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 3. 164–167.
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