Earth:List of freshwater ecoregions (WWF)

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This is a list of freshwater ecoregions as compiled by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The terrestrial scheme divides the Earth's land surface into 8 terrestrial ecozones, containing 426 smaller ecoregions. Each ecoregion is classified into one of 12 major habitat types, or biomes.

Afrotropic

Legend: EcoID; Ecoregion; Biome (Major Habitat Type); Realm (Ecozone)

Large lakes

  • 559; Lake Malawi; (Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania)
  • 565; Lake Rukwa; (Tanzania)
  • 542; Lake Tanganyika; (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia)
  • 530; Lake Turkana; (Kenya)
  • 521; Lake Victoria Basin; (Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda)

Large river deltas

  • 506; Niger Delta;

Montane freshwaters

  • 541; Albertine Highlands;
  • 577; Amatolo - Winterberg Highlands;
  • 574; Drakensberg - Maluti Highlands;
  • 563; Eastern Zimbabwe Highlands;
  • 525; Ethiopian Highlands;
  • 510; Fouta Djallon;
  • 526; Lake Tana;
  • 581; Madagascar Eastern Highlands;
  • 513; Mount Nimba;
  • 562; Mulanje;
  • 519; Western Equatorial Crater Lakes;

Oceanic Islands

  • 584; Comoros - Mayotte;
  • 586; Mascarenes;
  • 585; Seychelles;

Temperate coastal rivers

  • 578; Cape Fold;

Temperate upland rivers

  • 575; Southern Temperate Highveld;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

  • 515; Ashanti;
  • 517; Bight Drainages;
  • 564; Coastal East Africa;
  • 551; Cuanza;
  • 514; Eburneo;
  • 583; Madagascar Eastern Lowlands;
  • 533; Northern Gulf of Guinea Drainages - Bioko;
  • 511; Northern Upper Guinea;
  • 532; Ogooue - Nyanga - Kouilou - Niari;
  • 568; Pangani;
  • 587; S. Tome & Principe - Annobon;
  • 518; Southern Gulf of Guinea Drainages;
  • 512; Southern Upper Guinea;
  • 567; Tana, Athi & Coastal Drainages;
  • 576; Zambezian Lowveld;

Tropical and subtropical floodplain rivers and wetland complexes

  • 544; Bangweulu Wetlands - Mweru;
  • 537; Cuvette Centrale;
  • 508; Inner Niger Delta;
  • 557; Kafue;
  • 546; Kasai;
  • 550; Lower Congo;
  • 549; Lower Congo Rapids;
  • 505; Lower Niger - Benue;
  • 561; Lower Zambezi;
  • 547; Mai Ndombe;
  • 543; Malagarasi - Moyowosi;
  • 548; Malebo Pool;
  • 558; Middle Zambezi - Luangwa;
  • 580; Northwestern Madagascar ;
  • 569; Okavango;
  • 534; Sangha;
  • 509; Senegal - Gambia;
  • 535; Sudanic Congo - Oubangi;
  • 538; Tumba;
  • 539; Upper Congo Rapids;
  • 545; Upper Lualaba;
  • 522; Upper Nile;
  • 556; Upper Zambezi Floodplains;
  • 516; Volta;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

  • 536; Uele;
  • 540; Upper Congo;
  • 507; Upper Niger;
  • 555; Zambezian Headwaters;
  • 560; Zambezian Highveld;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

  • 553; Etosha;
  • 529; Horn of Africa;
  • 570; Kalahari;
  • 573; Karoo;
  • 554; Karstveld Sink Holes;
  • 520; Lake Chad;
  • 552; Namib;
  • 528; Northern Eastern Rift;
  • 443; Oman Mountains;
  • 531; Shebelle - Jubba;
  • 566; Southern Eastern Rift;
  • 571; Southern Kalahari;
  • 582; Southern Madagascar ;
  • 439; Southwestern Arabian Coast;
  • 579; Western Madagascar ;
  • 572; Western Orange;

Australasia

Montane freshwaters

  • 751; Lake Poso;
  • 750; Matano - Southern Malili Lakes;
  • 814; New Guinea Central Mountains;
  • 813; New Guinea North Coast;

Temperate coastal rivers

  • 809; Bass Strait Drainages;
  • 807; Eastern Coastal Australia;
  • 811; New Zealand;
  • 810; Southern Tasmania;
  • 801; Southwestern Australia;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

  • 808; Murray - Darling;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

  • 805; Arafura - Carpentaria;
  • 817; Bismarck Archipelago;
  • 803; Kimberley;
  • 748; Lesser Sunda Islands;
  • 747; Malukku; (Indonesia)
  • 820; New Caledonia;
  • 816; Papuan Peninsula;
  • 818; Solomon Islands;
  • 815; Southwest New Guinea - Trans-Fly Lowland;
  • 749; Sulawesi;
  • 812; Vogelkop - Bomberai;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

  • 806; Great Artesian Basin;
  • 804; Paleo;
  • 802; Pilbara;

Indo-Malay

Large river deltas

Montane freshwaters

  • 743; Borneo Highlands;
  • 710; Ganges Himalayan Foothills;
  • 723; Inle Lake;
  • 753; Lake Lanao;

Oceanic Islands

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

  • 736; Aceh;
  • 740; Central & Eastern Java;
  • 767; Coastal Fujian - Zhejiang;
  • 745; Eastern Borneo;
  • 731; Eastern Gulf of Thailand Drainages;
  • 758; Eastern Taiwan;
  • 759; Hainan;
  • 737; Indian Ocean Slope of Sumatra & Java;
  • 741; Kapuas;
  • 719; Lower Brahmaputra - Arakan Coast;
  • 734; Malay Peninsula Eastern Slope;
  • 752; Mindanao;
  • 744; Northeastern Borneo;
  • 760; Northern Annam;
  • 735; Northern Central Sumatra - Western Malaysia;
  • 755; Northern Philippine Islands;
  • 742; Northwestern Borneo;
  • 756; Palawan - Busuanga - Mindoro;
  • 746; Southeastern Borneo;
  • 716; Southeastern Ghats;
  • 730; Southern Annam;
  • 738; Southern Central Sumatra;
  • 739; Southern Sumatra - Western Java;
  • 717; Sri Lanka Dry Zone;
  • 718; Sri Lanka Wet Zone;
  • 715; Western Ghats;
  • 757; Western Taiwan;

Tropical and subtropical floodplain rivers and wetland complexes

  • 732; Chao Phraya;
  • 709; Ganges Delta & Plain;
  • 728; Kretie - Stung Treng (Mekong);
  • 703; Lower & Middle Indus;
  • 722; Lower & Middle Salween;
  • 726; Lower Lan Cang (Mekong);
  • 733; Mae Khlong;
  • 708; Namuda - Tapi;
  • 713; Northern Deccan Plateau;
  • 720; Sitang - Irrawaddy;
  • 761; Song Hong;
  • 714; Southern Deccan Plateau;
  • 763; Xi Yiang;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

  • 727; Khorat Plateau (Mekong);
  • 712; Middle Brahmaputra;

Nearctic

Large lakes

  • 109; English - Winnipeg Lakes;
  • 116; Laurentian Great Lakes;

Oceanic Islands

  • 176; Bermuda;

Polar freshwaters

  • 101; Alaskan Coastal;
  • 112; Canadian Arctic Archipelago;
  • 106; Central Arctic Coastal;
  • 105; Lower Mackenzie;
  • 102; Upper Yukon;
  • 111; Western Hudson Bay;

Temperate coastal rivers

  • 103; Alaska & Canada Pacific Coastal;
  • 157; Appalachian Piedmont;
  • 115; Canadian Atlantic Islands;
  • 158; Chesapeake Bay;
  • 140; East Texas Gulf;
  • 113; Eastern Hudson Bay - Ungava;
  • 114; Gulf of St.Lawrence Coastal Drainages;
  • 118; Northeast US & Southeast Canada Atlantic Drainages;
  • 123; Oregon & Northern California Coastal;
  • 141; Sabine - Galveston;
  • 125; Sacramento - San Joaquin;
  • 119; Scotia - Fundy;
  • 110; Southern Hudson Bay;
  • 117; St.Lawrence;
  • 154; West Florida Gulf;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

  • 155; Apalachicola;
  • 121; Columbia Unglaciated;
  • 149; Lower Mississippi;
  • 135; Lower Rio Grande - Bravo;
  • 143; Middle Missouri;
  • 153; Mobile Bay;
  • 104; Upper Mackenzie;
  • 148; Upper Mississippi;

Temperate upland rivers

  • 146; Central Prairie;
  • 120; Columbia Glaciated;
  • 151; Cumberland;
  • 108; Middle Saskatchewan;
  • 145; Ouachita Highlands;
  • 147; Ozark Highlands;
  • 150; Teays - Old Ohio;
  • 152; Tennessee ;
  • 142; Upper Missouri;
  • 132; Upper Rio Grande - Bravo;
  • 107; Upper Saskatchewan;
  • 122; Upper Snake;
  • 144; US Southern Plains;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

  • 156; Florida Peninsula;
  • 162; Sinaloa;
  • 139; West Texas Gulf;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

  • 127; Bonneville;
  • 130; Colorado River;
  • 136; Cuatro Cienegas;
  • 128; Death Valley;
  • 131; Gila;
  • 161; Guzman - Samalayuca;
  • 126; Lahontan;
  • 165; Lerma - Chapala;
  • 166; Llanos El Salado;
  • 163; Mayran - Viesca;
  • 124; Oregon Lakes;
  • 133; Pecos;
  • 134; Rio Conchos;
  • 137; Salt River (Arizona);
  • 138; Rio San Juan (Mexico);
  • 160; Sonora;
  • 159; Southern California Coastal - Baja California;
  • 129; Vegas - Virgin;

Neotropic

Large lakes

  • 303; Maracaibo;

Large river deltas

  • 323; Amazonas Estuary & Coastal Drainages;
  • 309; Orinoco Delta & Coastal Drainages;

Montane freshwaters

  • 312; Amazonas High Andes;
  • 340; Cuyan - Desaguadero;
  • 305; Orinoco High Andes;
  • 306; Orinoco Piedmont;
  • 317; Ucayali - Urubamba Piedmont;
  • 313; Western Amazon Piedmont;

Oceanic Islands

  • 350; Galápagos Islands;
  • 351; Juan Fernández Islands;

Temperate coastal rivers

  • 347; Bonaerensean Drainages;
  • 334; Laguna dos Patos;
  • 348; Patagonia;
  • 341; South Andean Pacific Slopes;
  • 349; Valdivian Lakes;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

  • 345; Lower Paraná;

Tropical and subtropical coastal rivers

  • 168; Ameca - Manantlan;
  • 212; Bahama Archipelago;
  • 209; Chagres;
  • 201; Chiapas - Fonseca;
  • 206; Chiriquí River;
  • 172; Coatzacoalcos;
  • 211; Cuba - Cayman Islands;
  • 204; Estero Real - Tempisque;
  • 352; Fluminense;
  • 173; Grijalva - Usumacinta;
  • 214; Hispaniola;
  • 207; Isthmus Caribbean;
  • 213; Jamaica;
  • 203; Mosquitia;
  • 301; North Andean Pacific Slopes - Rio Atrato;
  • 326; Northeastern Caatinga & Coastal Drainages;
  • 328; Northeastern Mata Atlantica;
  • 167; Panuco;
  • 171; Papaloapan;
  • 329; Paraiba do Sul;
  • 215; Puerto Rico - Virgin Islands;
  • 202; Quintana Roo - Motagua;
  • 330; Ribeira de Iguape;
  • 169; Rio Balsas;
  • 164; Rio Santiago;
  • 210; Rio Tuira;
  • 205; San Juan (Nicaragua/Costa Rica);
  • 208; Santa Maria;
  • 170; Sierra Madre del Sur;
  • 304; South America Caribbean Drainages - Trinidad;
  • 331; Southeastern Mata Atlantica;
  • 335; Tramandaí - Mampituba;
  • 216; Windward & Leeward Islands;
  • 175; Yucatán;

Tropical and subtropical floodplain rivers and wetland complexes

  • 316; Amazonas Lowlands;
  • 342; Chaco;
  • 307; Orinoco Llanos;
  • 343; Paraguay;
  • 314; Rio Negro;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

  • 315; Amazonas Guiana Shield;
  • 310; Essequibo;
  • 319; Guapore - Itenez;
  • 311; Guianas;
  • 346; Iguassu;
  • 332; Lower Uruguay;
  • 321; Madeira Brazilian Shield;
  • 302; Magdalena - Sinu;
  • 318; Mamore - Madre de Dios Piedmont;
  • 308; Orinoco Guiana Shield;
  • 325; Parnaiba;
  • 327; S. Francisco;
  • 320; Tapajos - Juruena;
  • 324; Tocantins - Araguaia;
  • 344; Upper Paraná;
  • 333; Upper Uruguay;
  • 174; Upper Usumacinta;
  • 322; Xingu;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

  • 338; Atacama;
  • 336; Central Andean Pacific Slopes;
  • 339; Mar Chiquita - Salinas Grandes;
  • 337; Titicaca;

Oceania

Oceanic Islands

  • 217; Cocos Island (Costa Rica);
  • 829; East Caroline Islands;
  • 821; Fiji;
  • 828; Hawaiian Islands;
  • 826; Marquesas Islands;
  • 827; Rapa;
  • 823; Samoas;
  • 824; Society Islands;
  • 825; Tubuai Islands;
  • 819; Vanuatu;
  • 822; Wallis - Futuna;
  • 830; West Caroline Islands;

Palearctic

Large lakes

  • 629; Aral Sea Drainages;
  • 643; Biwa Ko;
  • 452; Caspian Marine;
  • 606; Lake Baikal;
  • 627; Lake Issyk Kul - Upper Chu;
  • 409; Lake Onega - Lake Ladoga;
  • 453; Volga Delta - Northern Caspian Drainages;

Large river deltas

  • 524; Nile Delta;

Montane freshwaters

  • 604; Chuya;
  • 725; Er Hai;
  • 705; Indus Himalayan Foothills;
  • 633; Upper Yellow River;
  • 634; Upper Yellow River Corridor;
  • 706; Upper Indus;
  • 704; Yaghistan;
  • 762; Yunnan Lakes;

Polar freshwater

  • 602; Ob;
  • 610; Anadyr;
  • 407; Barents Sea Drainages;
  • 611; East Chukotka;
  • 401; Iceland - Jan Mayen;
  • 609; Kolyma;
  • 608; Lena;
  • 406; Northern Baltic Drainages;
  • 405; Norwegian Sea Drainages;
  • 607; Taimyr;
  • 605; Yenisei;

Temperate coastal rivers

  • 424; Aegean Drainages;
  • 420; Albania;
  • 501; Atlantic Northwest Africa;
  • 403; Cantabric Coast - Languedoc;
  • 615; Coastal Amur;
  • 426; Crimea Peninsula;
  • 419; Dalmatia;
  • 638; Eastern Yellow Sea Drainages;
  • 415; Gulf of Venice Drainages;
  • 640; Hamgyong - Sanmaek;
  • 642; Honshū - Shikoku - Kyūshū;
  • 421; Ionian Drainages;
  • 416; Italian Peninsula & Islands;
  • 613; Kamchatka & Northern Kurils;
  • 612; Koryakia;
  • 428; Kuban;
  • 502; Mediterranean Northwest Africa;
  • 430; Northern Anatolia;
  • 402; Northern British Isles;
  • 451; Northern Hormuz Drainages;
  • 614; Okhotsk Coast;
  • 437; Orontes;
  • 641; Sakhalin, Hokkaido, & Sikhote - Alin Coast;
  • 639; Southeastern Korean Peninsula;
  • 432; Southern Anatolia;
  • 408; Southern Baltic Lowlands;
  • 423; Thrace;
  • 422; Vardar;
  • 429; Western Anatolia;
  • 412; Western Iberia;
  • 433; Western Transcaucasia;

Temperate floodplain rivers and wetlands

  • 404; Central & Western Europe;
  • 425; Dnieper - Southern Bug;
  • 418; Dniester - Lower Danube;
  • 427; Don;
  • 414; Eastern Iberia;
  • 635; Yellow River Great Bend;
  • 434; Kura - South Caspian Drainages;
  • 637; Liao He;
  • 616; Lower Amur;
  • 636; Lower Yellow River;
  • 441; Lower Tigris & Euphrates;
  • 766; Lower Yangtze;
  • 620; Songhua Jiang;
  • 413; Southern Iberia;
  • 442; Upper Tigris & Euphrates;
  • 410; Volga - Ural;

Temperate upland rivers

  • 618; Argun;
  • 626; Lower & Middle Syr Darya;
  • 630; Middle Amu Darya;
  • 617; Middle Amur;
  • 765; Middle Yangtze;
  • 628; Northern Central Asian Highlands;
  • 632; Qaidan;
  • 619; Shilka (Amur);
  • 417; Upper Danube;
  • 603; Upper Irtysh;
  • 764; Upper Yangtze;

Tropical and subtropical upland rivers

  • 711; Upper Brahmaputra;
  • 724; Upper Lan Cang (Mekong);
  • 721; Upper Salween;

Xeric freshwaters and endorheic (closed) basins

  • 440; Arabian Interior;
  • 624; Balkash - Alakul;
  • 701; Baluchistan;
  • 446; Caspian Highlands;
  • 431; Central Anatolia;
  • 436; Coastal Levant;
  • 504; Dry Sahel;
  • 623; Dzungaria;
  • 449; Esfahan;
  • 702; Helmand - Sistan;
  • 621; Inner Mongolia Endorheic Basins;
  • 601; Irgyz - Turgai;
  • 438; Jordan River;
  • 448; Kavir & Lut Deserts;
  • 444; Lake Van;
  • 523; Lower Nile;
  • 447; Namak;
  • 445; Orumiyeh;
  • 503; Sahara;
  • 435; Sinai;
  • 625; Tarim;
  • 707; Tibetan Plateau Endorheic Drainages;
  • 450; Turan Plain;
  • 631; Upper Amu Darya;
  • 411; Western Caspian Drainages;
  • 622; Western Mongolia;
  • 527; Western Red Sea Drainages;

See also

  • Lists of ecoregions
  • List of freshwater ecoregions in Africa and Madagascar
  • List of freshwater ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean

External links

References

  • Olson, D., Dinerstein, E., Canevari, P., Davidson, I., Castro, G., Morisset, V., Abell, R., and Toledo, E.; eds. (1998). Freshwater Biodiversity of Latin America and the Caribbean: A Conservation Assessment. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington, D.C..
  • Thieme, Michelle L. (2005). Freshwater Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment. Island Press, Washington, D.C..
  • "Freshwater Ecoregions of the World: Major Habitat Types" [1]. Accessed May 12, 2008.




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