Earth:Organic Sunscreen

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Short description: Organic sunscreen pverview and standards

A Certified Organic Sunscreen[1], also known as Petrochemical-Free Sunscreen, is a third party certified[2] sunscreen consisting of certified and approved organic ingredients, with typically zinc oxide acting as the photo-protector. An organic sunscreen is verified and approved by a certifier to an international organic standard, such as NSF/ANSI 305, which define production and labelling requirements for personal care products containing organic ingredients.[3] Generally speaking, sunscreen has photo-protective properties that reduce the risk of skin cancer and ageing with relation to the SPF value and proper application.[4][5]

Certified organic sunscreen is part of a broader trend towards certified organic cosmetics[6] and certified natural cosmetics.[7] Especially in the sunscreen market, developers have been 'pushed'[8] towards alternatives to petrochemical UV filters due to their lack of safety data[9] and their detrimental ecological effects,[8] resulting in a few petrochemical UV filters being banned in different countries and ecological areas.[10]

Organisations that manage standards and certifiers generally provide allowances for minerals zinc oxide and titanium dioxide towards their organic calculation[11] as they have photo-protective properties and a well regarded safety profile.[8]

Certified Organic refers to the processing and production of a personal care product without the use of synthetic pesticides, herbicides, petrochemicals, aromatic hydrocarbons and other contaminants or practices.[12][1] Petrochemical suppliers might market their ingredients as organic compounds however this does not mean they are organic or certified organic.[clarification needed] Marketing products under organic is protected by consumer commissions such as the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission and other national bodies.[1][13][14]

Major standards

NSF/ANSI 305: Organic Personal Care Products

Created by Non-For Profit Organization NSF. It is an International Standard designed specifically for Organic Personal Care Products.[15] The NSF itself is a World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Food and Water Safety and Indoor Environment.[16]

USDA National Organic Program (NOP) [17]

Due to the fact that the FDA does not define or regulate the term “organic” in personal care products, the USDA has taken responsibility. The USDA, United States Department of Agriculture, has been regulating organic cosmetics and personal care products, effective since 2001, under the National Organic Program.[18] Unlike personal care products, sunscreen is regulated by the FDA as an OTC drug and thus has a GRASE monograph, so it is possible that the FDA may expand its role in regulating organic sunscreen in the future. Currently only zinc oxide and titanium dioxide have been determined by the FDA to be generally recognised as safe and effective (GRASE).[9]

ISO 16128: Natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products

ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is an independent, non-governmental international organisation with a membership of 167 national standards bodies.[19] Cosmos has claimed the ISO:16128 standard is overly broad, despite being on the committee that made and approved it.[20] The ISO:16128 standard is an official contributor to UN's Sustainable Development Goals; 3,12[21][22][23]

Ecocert Cosmos Organic

The Cosmos Natural and Organic standard was established in 2002.[24][8] It does not calculate minerals, such as zinc oxide, towards the organic percentage of a product since they are not renewable.[8][25]

Natrue

Natrue was created in 2007. The first Natrue labelled product launched in 2009. There are now over 7000 Natrue certified products.[26] The standard is for natural and organic cosmetics.

Green approved list of ingredient for certified organic sunscreens

Certified organic sunscreens or products must comply with certifiers 'green list' of ingredients that are safe and represent their organic standard.[27] Ingredients that are not permitted generally include: Silicones, Parabens, Microplastics, Synthetic Fragrances, Synthetic Colorants, Petrochemicals and certain preservatives such as Phenoxyethanol.[27][28] As well as non naturally occurring contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, PCBs, radioactivity, mycotoxins, nitrates, nitrosamines.[12]

Certified organic production lractices

Major organic certifiers prohibit animal testing for the product to carry their label [29] and European certifiers generally require the ingredients to be non-GMO.[27][28] Organic certifiers do not allow the use of synthetic pesticides or chemical fertilisers in the production of certified organic ingredients.[12]

Active ingredients in certified organic sunscreen

Petrochemical UV filters are not recognised as organic by most private certifiers, such as Cosmos (standard), as they are a byproduct of petroleum.[30] Certified organic and natural UV protectors Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide, "TiO2 and ZnO[,] represent the only effective alternatives to ultraviolet (UV) filters of petrochemical origin regarding photoprotection, and they contribute significantly to the safety of consumers who use them."[8]


Ecological advantages of certified organic sunscreen

Certified Organic Sunscreen bans the use of petrochemical active ingredients such as Avobenzone.[citation needed] Avobenzone is one of the most frequently used UV filters on the market.[31] Avobenzone and other petrochemical UV filters[32] have been shown to cause damage to marine ecosystems such as coral reefs and harm marine life.[33][31][10][34][35] Avobenzone has also been shown to absorb into your bloodstream after application in an FDA funded study.[36]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Organic claims" (in en). 2012-11-05. https://www.accc.gov.au/consumers/advertising-and-promotions/organic-claims. 
  2. ↑ Kramer, Jaclyn (2018). Does Organic Sunscreen Benefit from a Spillover Effect from USDA Organic Food? (Thesis). ProQuest 2193345328.
  3. ↑ "Personal Care Products Containing Organic Ingredients" (in en). https://www.nsf.org/consumer-resources/articles/personal-care-products-organic-ingredients. 
  4. ↑ Saraiya, Mona; Glanz, Karen; Briss, Peter; Nichols, Phyllis; White, Cornelia; Das, Debjani (17 October 2003). "Preventing skin cancer: findings of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services On reducing Exposure to Ultraviolet Light". MMWR. Recommendations and Reports: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Recommendations and Reports 52 (RR-15): 1–12. PMID 14561953. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5215a1.htm. 
  5. ↑ Baumann, L (January 2007). "Skin ageing and its treatment". The Journal of Pathology 211 (2): 241–251. doi:10.1002/path.2098. PMID 17200942. 
  6. ↑ "Insights on the Natural and Organic Cosmetics $29.9 Billion Global Market to 2027 - Key Drivers, Restraints and Trends" (in en). 2022-04-27. https://www.globenewswire.com/en/news-release/2022/04/27/2429989/28124/en/Insights-on-the-Natural-and-Organic-Cosmetics-29-9-Billion-Global-Market-to-2027-Key-Drivers-Restraints-and-Trends.html. 
  7. ↑ Inga, Klimczak (29 December 2021). "25". written at Poznań, Poland. Current Trends in Quality Science – design, quality and safety of products. Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki: Institute of Quality Science Poznań University of Economics & Business. ISBN 978-83-7789-670-9. https://www.itee.lukasiewicz.gov.pl/images/stories/exlibris/Klimczak_Inga_internet.pdf#page=322. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Tortini, Guido; Ziosi, Paola; Cesa, Elena; Molesini, Sonia; Baldini, Erika; De Lucia, Daniela; Rossi, Caterina; Durini, Elisa et al. (31 May 2022). "Criticisms in the Development of High-Protection and Broad-Spectrum 'Natural/Organic' Certifiable Sunscreen". Cosmetics 9 (3): 56. doi:10.3390/cosmetics9030056. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Questions and Answers: FDA posts deemed final order and proposed order for over-the-counter sunscreen" (in en). FDA. 2021-11-16. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/understanding-over-counter-medicines/questions-and-answers-fda-posts-deemed-final-order-and-proposed-order-over-counter-sunscreen. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Miller, Ingo B.; Pawlowski, Sascha; Kellermann, Matthias Y.; Petersen-Thiery, Mechtild; Moeller, Mareen; Nietzer, Samuel; Schupp, Peter J. (26 June 2021). "Toxic effects of UV filters from sunscreens on coral reefs revisited: regulatory aspects for 'reef safe' products". Environmental Sciences Europe 33 (1): 74. doi:10.1186/s12302-021-00515-w. 
  11. ↑ "Unmasking Beauty Tips to Safely Get Your Makeup on Again" (in en). https://www.nsf.org/blog/consumer/safely-get-makeup-on-again. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "COSMOS-standard Cosmetics Organic and Natural Standard Version 3.1 – 1 June 2020". https://aco.net.au/Downloads/COSMOS-standard-V3.1.pdf. 
  13. ↑ "Deceptive "certified organic" claims leave consumers verklempt" (in en). 2019-09-19. https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/blog/2019/09/deceptive-certified-organic-claims-leave-consumers-verklempt. 
  14. ↑ "USDA Discovers Fraudulent National Organic Program Certificate | Agricultural Marketing Service". https://www.ams.usda.gov/press-release/usda-discovers-fraudulent-national-organic-program-certificate. 
  15. ↑ "Organic Trade Association and NSF International Announce "HACCP for the Organic Professional" Training | OTA". https://ota.com/news/press-releases/17098. 
  16. ↑ "The WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety (Solutions)". International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 20 (7). 1 January 2007. doi:10.1108/ijhcqa.2007.06220gab.002. 
  17. ↑ "United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Marketing Service - National Organic Program- Cosmetics, Body Care Products, and Personal Care Products". April 2008. https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/OrganicCosmeticsFactSheet.pdf. 
  18. ↑ "Cosmetics, Body Care, and Personal Care Products". https://www.ams.usda.gov/publications/content/cosmetics-body-care-and-personal-care-products. 
  19. ↑ "ISO - About us" (in en). https://www.iso.org/about-us.html. 
  20. ↑ "COSMOS position statement regarding ISO 16128". February 2018. https://cosmosstandard.files.wordpress.com/2018/08/cosmos-iso-position-paper-february-2018-2.pdf. [|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  21. ↑ "ISO 16128-2:2017" (in en). https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/06/51/65197.html. 
  22. ↑ "ISO 16128-1:2016" (in en). https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/06/25/62503.html. 
  23. ↑ "ISO 16128-2:2017/Amd 1:2022" (in en). https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/08/26/82685.html. 
  24. ↑ "About Us". https://www.ecocert.com/en/about-us. 
  25. ↑ "COSMOS Position on Mineral UV-Filters in Organic and Natural Cosmetics". August 2016. https://cosmosstandard.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/cosmos-position-mineral-uv-filters-100816.pdf. [|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  26. ↑ "About us" (in en-US). https://www.natrue.org/who-we-are/our-history/. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 "The key guarantees of organic and natural cosmetics certification". https://www.ecocert.com/es-MX/detaile-de-certification/natural-and-organic-cosmetics-cosmos. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 "What makes the NATRUE Label unique?" (in en-US). https://www.natrue.org/why-us/what-makes-the-natrue-label-unique/. 
  29. ↑ "NATRUE - The International Natural and Organic Cosmetics Association". The International Natural and Organic Cosmetics Association - 40 Rue Washington - 2nd Floor - 1050 Brussels, Belgium. https://www.natrue.org/uploads/2019/09/2.-NATRUE_Presentation-1.pdf. 
  30. ↑ Dinardo, Joe; Downs, Craig (April 2021). "Failure to Protect: Do Sunscreens Prevent Skin Cancer in Humans?". https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352061297. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Bordalo, Diana; Cuccaro, Alessia; De Marchi, Lucia; Soares, Amadeu M. V. M.; Meucci, Valentina; Battaglia, Federica; Pretti, Carlo; Freitas, Rosa (1 November 2022). "In vitro spermiotoxicity and in vivo adults' biochemical pattern after exposure of the Mediterranean mussel to the sunscreen avobenzone". Environmental Pollution 312: 119987. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119987. PMID 35995291. 
  32. ↑ Ouchene, Lydia; Litvinov, Ivan V.; Netchiporouk, Elena (November–December 2019). "Hawaii and Other Jurisdictions Ban Oxybenzone or Octinoxate Sunscreens Based on the Confirmed Adverse Environmental Effects of Sunscreen Ingredients on Aquatic Environments". Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 23 (6): 648–649. doi:10.1177/1203475419871592. PMID 31729915. 
  33. ↑ Serpone, Nick (2021-02-01). "Sunscreens and their usefulness: have we made any progress in the last two decades?". Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 20 (2): 189–244. doi:10.1007/s43630-021-00013-1. PMID 33721254. 
  34. ↑ Levine, Arielle (September 2021). "Reducing the prevalence of chemical UV filters from sunscreen in aquatic environments: Regulatory, public awareness, and other considerations". Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 17 (5): 982–988. doi:10.1002/ieam.4432. PMID 33913613. 
  35. ↑ "Hawai'i Senate Bill Bans Harmful Sunscreen Chemicals" (in en). https://biologicaldiversity.org/w/news/press-releases/hawaii-senate-bill-bans-harmful-sunscreen-chemicals-2021-03-09/. 
  36. ↑ "Shedding More Light on Sunscreen Absorption" (in en). 2022-03-08. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/fda-voices/shedding-more-light-sunscreen-absorption. 




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