Engineering:Curtiss CT
| Curtiss CT-1 | |
|---|---|
| |
| The CT-1 at the Anacostia Navy Yard | |
| Role | Torpedo Bomber |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company |
| Designer | Wilbur Gilmore |
| First flight | 9 May 1921 |
| Number built | 1 |
The Curtiss CT-1 model 24, a twin engine torpedo bomber mounted on floats, was first flown in 1921.[1]
Development
The US Navy was looking for a new torpedo bomber following a demonstration of sinking a battleship with an aircraft. A specification was announced requiring a twin floatplane that could be sled launched and crane recovered at sea. The aircraft had a maximum span of 65 feet (20 m) which could be broken down into 25 feet (7.6 m) sections for shipboard storage.[2] Prototypes of the Curtiss CT-1, Stout ST-1, Fokker FT-1 and Blackburn Swift F were evaluated at the Anacostia Naval Yard.[3] Curtiss won an initial contract to build nine torpedo bombers on June 30, 1920, but the order was canceled and only one acceptance prototype was built. The aircraft was constructed in Rockaway, New York.[4]
Design
The aircraft had twin booms, twin tails, twin floats and a single cockpit. A turret was placed high above and behind the pilot to have a full 360 degree firing arc. The thick airfoil wings were cantilevered without struts or wires using three spars.[5] The fuselage was made of traditional welded tube frame with the-then new technology of an aluminum skin. The rest of the aircraft was of welded tube with a fabric covering. The engine nacelles were deeply recessed into the wings. Two under-wing Lamblin radiators provided cooling. Engine stands were located for mechanics to work on the aircraft. Single-engine operation resulted in a height loss of 100 ft per minute.[6][7]
Operational history
The first water taxi tests were performed by Bert Acosta on 2 May 1921 at NAS Rockaway, resulting in larger rudders added for stability. The sheet metal formed motor mounts and tail structure required reinforcement. The engines overheated, and could only fly for 20 minutes at a time.[8]
The aircraft was demonstrated to the US Navy at the Annacostia Naval Yard and at the war college at Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. The aircraft was given the serial number A-5890, and the navy designation CT-1, for "Curtiss" "Torpedo bomber (number one)"-"variant one".[9]
Specifications Curtiss CT-1
Data from Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947[10]
General characteristics
- Crew: 3
- Length: 46 ft 0 in (14.02 m)
- Wingspan: 65 ft 0 in (19.81 m)
- Height: 14 ft 6 in (4.42 m)
- Wing area: 830 sq ft (77 m2)
- Airfoil: Curtiss C-32[citation needed]
- Empty weight: 7,684 lb (3,485 kg)
- Gross weight: 11,208 lb (5,084 kg)
- Powerplant: 2 × Curtiss D-12 water-cooled V12 engines, 435 hp (324 kW) each
- Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
- Maximum speed: 93 kn (107 mph, 172 km/h)
- Range: 300 nmi (350 mi, 560 km)
- Service ceiling: 5,200 ft (1,600 m)
- Time to altitude: 10 min to 2,600 ft (790 m)
Armament
- Guns: 1 or 2 Lewis guns
See also
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
- Douglas DT
- Fokker T.II
- Fokker T.III
- Naval Aircraft Factory PT
Related lists
References
- Notes
- ↑ Gordon Swanborough, Peter M. Bowers. United States navy aircraft since 1911.
- ↑ "Pushing the state of the art The Curtiss CT". Skyways. October 1995.
- ↑ René J. Francillon. McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920.
- ↑ Proceedings, Volume 48, Part 2 By United States Naval Institute. p. 1062.
- ↑ "Aircraft: Curtiss CT-1". http://www.aero-web.org/specs/curtiss/ct-1.htm.
- ↑ Naval Institute proceedings, Volume 48. p. 665.
- ↑ "The Curtiss Twin-Engined Torpedo Seaplane" FLIGHT, March 2, 1922, photo and texts
- ↑ "Pushing the state of the art The Curtiss CT". Skyways. October 1995.
- ↑ René J. Francillon. McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920.
- ↑ Bowers 1979, pp. 182–183
- Bowers, Peter M. (1979). Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-370-10029-8.
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