Engineering:Hrim-2
| Hrim-2 | |
|---|---|
 Scale model of Hrim missile on display in 2016 | |
| Type | Tactical ballistic missile |
| Place of origin | Ukraine |
| Service history | |
| In service | Not announced |
| Used by | Ukrainian Ground Forces |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | KB Pivdenne |
| Specifications | |
| Warhead | 500 kg (1,100 lb) |
| Engine | Single-stage solid propellant |
Operational range | 50 km (31 mi) – 400–500 km (250–310 mi) |
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Hrіm-2, Grom or OTRK Sapsan (Ukrainian: ОТРК "Сапсан"),[1] also known as Operational-Tactical Missile System Hrim (Ukrainian: Оперативно-тактичний ракетний комплекс «Грім»), is a Ukraine short-range ballistic missile system being developed by KB Pivdenne and PA Pivdenmash, designed to combine the features of a tactical missile system and a multiple rocket launcher. The original Sapsan version of the missile, for Ukraine's own use, was to have a range of 500 kilometers.[2] The later Hrim-2 version, developed for export, has a range limited to 280 kilometers, in order to fall within the 300-kilometre limit set by the Missile Technology Control Regime, which seeks to limit the proliferation of missiles and missile technology.[3]
History
In 2006 the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine recognised the need for a missile system that would be better than Ukraine's aging Soviet Tochka-U, which had a maximum range of 120 km and could only be overhauled and upgraded by Russian companies. KB Pivdenne was given the task of developing a new missile designated the "Sapsan". The Ministry of Defence and Pivdenne agreed on operational requirements in September 2007. Funding for the project was halted in 2009–2010, following the global financial crisis of 2007–2008, then resumed in November 2011, albeit at a low amount, before being terminated in 2013.[4]
In 2011 arms dealers started offering foreign customers a new missile system called "Hrim",[further explanation needed] and after two years, Pivdenne was contracted by an undisclosed country to develop the Hrim-2. In 2014, after the Russo-Ukrainian War had begun, Pivdenne proposed restarting the Sapsan project, using its experience developing the Hrim-2, with a view to having Sapsan ready for evaluation by 2018. The government agreed.[4]
Work on Hrim-2 was announced at the Arms and Security exhibition in Kyiv in 2014. In 2016 it was reported that Saudi Arabia had provided US$40 million for the research and development.[5][6] A photograph of the chassis of a Hrim-2 transporter erector launcher appeared in May 2017; each vehicle could carry and launch two missiles.[7] In April 2019 it was announced that two Hrim-2 prototypes had been produced, one for testing by Saudi Arabia and the other to be tested by the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Saudi Arabia was expected to test their test article one later in 2019, with the system planned to enter service in 2022.[8]
In June 2023, then Ukraine's Minister of Defense Oleksii Reznikov stated that the funds needed for completing the program have been approved and allocated.[9]
Operational history
Russo-Ukrainian War
Several large explosions occurred at Saky airbase at Novofedorivka in Russian-occupied Crimea, 220 km from the frontline, on 9 August 2022. The cause was unclear, but several media outlets discussed the possibility it was Hrim-2.[10]
On May 6, 2023, Russian officials reported that two Ukrainian Hrim-2 ballistic missiles were successfully shot down over Crimea by Russian air defenses. No casualties or damages have been reported.[11] The TASS report did not provide any evidence for the claim, but alleged photographic and video footage was posted by Russian milbloggers and later uploaded on Twitter. The Washington based think tank, the Institute for the Study of War argued that the alleged strike’s target was not specified and that Russian sources amplified footage of a crater in a large field.[12] This incident has not been addressed by Ukraine to date.
Gallery
References
- ↑ Trevithick, Joseph; Rogoway, Tyler (9 August 2022). "Does Ukraine have a stash of domestically developed ballistic missiles?". https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/does-ukraine-have-a-stash-of-domestically-developed-ballistic-missiles.
- ↑ Mikhnenko, Anton (26 April 2019). "Ukraine expands its missile capabilities". The Ukrainian Weekly. https://www.ukrweekly.com/uwwp/ukraine-expands-its-missile-capabilities/.
- ↑ "Grom short-range ballistic missile (SRBM)". https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/ukraine/grom.htm.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Zghurets, Serhiy (14 February 2019). "A burst of "Thunder"". Defense Express. https://old.defence-ua.com/index.php/en/publications/defense-express-publications/6582-a-burst-of-thunder.
- ↑ "Ukraine unveils new Grom-2 short-range ballistic missile". Army Recognition. 3 January 2018. https://www.armyrecognition.com/january_2018_global_defense_security_army_news_industry/ukraine_unveils_new_grom-2_short-range_ballistic_missile.html.
- ↑ "Ukraine unveils new Hrim-2 short-range ballistic missile (photos, video)". UNIAN. 3 January 2018. https://www.unian.info/economics/2329504-ukraine-unveils-new-hrim-2-short-range-ballistic-missile-photos.html.
- ↑ "Вражаючі фото вітчизняного ракетного комплексу "Грім-2"" (in uk). Mil.in.ua. Ukrainian Military Center. 2 January 2018. https://mil.in.ua/uk/vrazhayuchi-foto-vitchyznyanoho-raketnoho-kompleksu-hrim-2/.
- ↑ "Виготовлено дослідний зразок ОТРК для випробувань ЗСУ" (in uk). Ukrainian Military Pages. 22 April 2019. https://www.ukrmilitary.com/2019/04/otrk.html.
- ↑ "Ukraine develops its own long-range missile". https://mil.in.ua/en/news/ukraine-develops-its-own-long-range-missile/.
- ↑ "Explosion in Crimea: What weapons Ukraine might have used in the attack in Novofedorivka". 2022-08-10. https://www.tylaz.net/2022/08/10/explosion-in-crimea-what-weapons-ukraine-might-have-used-in-the-attack-in-novofedorivka-26/.
- ↑ "Two ballistic missiles downed over Crimea, according to updated information – authorities". https://tass.com/emergencies/1614495.
- ↑ "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, May 6, 2023". https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-may-6-2023.
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