Engineering:Kia K5

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Short description: Mid-size car
Kia Optima/K5
2021 Kia K5 GT-Line in Glacial White Pearl, front left.jpg
Kia K5 (DL3)
Overview
ManufacturerKia
Also calledKia Magentis (2000–2010)
Kia Optima (2000–2021)
Kia Lotze (2005–2010)
Production2000–present
Model years2001–present
Body and chassis
ClassMid-size car (D)
LayoutFront-engine, front-wheel-drive
Front-engine, four-wheel-drive (2020–present)
Chronology
PredecessorKia Credos

The Kia K5, formerly known as the Kia Optima, is a mid-size car manufactured by Kia since 2000 and marketed globally through various nameplates. First generation cars were mostly marketed as the Optima, although the Kia Magentis name was used in Europe and Canada when sales began there in 2002. For the second-generation models, Kia used the Kia Lotze and Kia K5 name for the South Korea n market, and the Magentis name globally, except in the United States , Canada , Malaysia and the Middle East, where the Optima name was retained until the 2021 model year. The K5 name is used for all markets since the introduction of the fifth generation in 2019.

First generation (MS; 2000)

First generation (MS)
01-02 Kia Optima.jpg
Overview
Also calledKia Magentis (Europe and Canada)
Production
  • 2000–2006
  • 2004–2011 (China)
Model years2001–2005 (North America)
Assembly
  • South Korea: Hwaseong (Hwaseong Plant)
  • China: Yancheng (Yancheng Plant)[citation needed]
  • Russia: Kaliningrad (Avtotor)[1]
Body and chassis
Body style4-door sedan
PlatformHyundai-Kia Y4
RelatedHyundai Santa Fe
Hyundai Sonata
Hyundai Trajet
Kia Carnival/Sedona
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 1.8 L Beta II I4
  • 1.8 L Sirius II I4
  • 2.0 L Sirius II I4
  • 2.4 L Sirius II I4
  • 2.5 L Delta V6
  • 2.7 L Delta V6
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,700 mm (106.3 in)
Length4,745 mm (186.8 in)
Width2000–2005:1,815 mm (71.5 in)
2002–2005:1,820 mm (72 in)
Height1,420 mm (55.9 in)
Rear (pre-facelift; Europe)

From 2000–2005, Optimas were a rebadged variant of the Hyundai Sonata, differing from the Sonata only in minor exterior styling details and equipment content. It was first shown in South Korea in July 2000 and was the first product of the Kia-Hyundai platform integration plan.

In Australia, the Optima was introduced in May 2001, offered only with a 2.5 L V6 engine, and choice of manual or automatic transmission. The updated Optima was offered with a new 2.7 L engine, 4-speed automatic (the manual was dropped), and features such as full leather interior and alloy wheels were made standard. Thanks in part to better marketing, sales increased to 41,289 units in 2005, an all-time high. The Optima was sold until 2006, when it was replaced by the Magentis.

Safety

The 2001 Optima received Poor to Average ratings from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS).[2]

Test Rating
Moderate overlap front: Acceptable
Side: Poor
Head restraints & seats: Poor

Update

The 2002 Optima received a minor update. A luxurious version of the Optima was sold in South Korea as the "Optima Regal", using the 2-liter four or the 2.5-liter V6 only. The grille was redesigned for the United States in 2003 (2004 model year) to feature the Kia badge, and the headlamps were restyled for 2004 (2005 model year).

Engines

Type Model Years Power Torque Market
1,795 cc (109.5 cu in) 1.8 L Beta II I4 200?–2005 96 kW (131 PS; 129 hp) at 6000 rpm 164 N⋅m (121 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm South Korea
1,997 cc (121.9 cu in) 2.0 L Sirius II I4 2001–2002 100 kW (136 PS; 134 hp) at 6000 rpm 180 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm Global
2,351 cc (143.5 cu in) 2.4 L Sirius II I4 2001–2002 111 kW (151 PS; 149 hp) at 6000 rpm 212 N⋅m (156 lb⋅ft) at 4500 rpm North America
2,351 cc (143.5 cu in) 2.4 L Sirius II I4 2003–2006 103 kW (140 PS; 138 hp) at 5500 rpm 199 N⋅m (147 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm North America
2,493 cc (152.1 cu in) 2.5 L Delta V6 2001
2000–2005		 127 kW (172 PS; 170 hp) at 6000 rpm
124 kW (169 PS; 167 hp) at 6000 rpm		 229 N⋅m (169 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm
230 N⋅m (170 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm		 North America
Global
2,656 cc (162.1 cu in) 2.7 L Delta V6 2002–2006 127 kW (172 PS; 170 hp) at 6000 rpm 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm North America

  • Kia Optima (US; first facelift)

  • Kia Optima (Korea; first facelift)

  • Kia Magentis (Europe; second facelift)

  • Kia Magentis (Europe; second facelift)

Second generation (MG; 2005)

Second generation (MG)
2008 Kia Magentis LS 2.0.jpg
2008 Kia Magentis LS 2.0 (UK; pre-facelift)
Overview
Also called
  • Kia Magentis
  • Kia Lotze (South Korea)
Production2005–2010
Model years2006–2010 (North America)
Assembly
  • South Korea: Hwaseong (Hwaseong Plant)
  • Malaysia: Gurun (NAM)[3][4]
  • Russia: Kaliningrad (Avtotor)[5]
DesignerPeter Schreyer
Body and chassis
Body style4-door sedan
Related
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 1.8 L G4KB I4
  • 2.0 L G4KA I4
  • 2.4 L G4KC/G4KE I4
  • 2.7 L G6BA V6
  • 2.7 L G6EA V6
  • Gasoline/LPG:
  • 2.4 L L4KA LPi I4
  • Diesel:
  • 2.0 L D4EA CRDI VGT I4
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,720 mm (107.1 in)
Length4,755–4,810 mm (187.2–189.4 in)
Width1,820 mm (71.7 in)
Height1,480 mm (58.3 in)
Kia Magentis LS (UK; pre-facelift)
Kia Magentis LX (Canada; pre-facelift)

The second generation Optima, known as the Kia Magentis globally except in United States and Malaysia, and as the Kia Lotze in South Korea , was launched in South Korea in November 2005. This generation differed further from the Hyundai Sonata donor vehicle than the previous model. Unlike the previous Optima though, this vehicle uses a global platform, unique to Kia, designated "MG". The car continues to be built in South Korea and shares its 2.4-liter inline-four engine, five-speed Sportmatic automatic or five-speed manual transmission with the Sonata.

In addition to the 2.4-liter inline-four and the 2.7-liter V6 offered in North America, globally the Optima/Magentis/Lotze was also available with smaller, 1.8- or 2.0-liter fours, as well as a 2.0-liter turbodiesel engine. South Korean buyers also received and LPG-powered version of the 2.4. The second generation Optima was launched in Malaysia on 15 August 2007 powered by a 2.0-liter Theta DOHC CVVT engine with a 4-speed automatic transmission.

Safety

The Optima received a crash test rating of five stars from the NHTSA,[6] and four stars from Euro NCAP.[7] The 2006 Optima received Marginal to Good ratings from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS).[8]

Test Rating
Overall: 3/5 stars
Moderate overlap front: Good
Side: Average
Roof strength: Marginal
Head restraints & seats: Good

Update

Kia Magentis EX (Chile; facelift)
Kia Optima SX (US; facelift)
Kia Optima LX (US; facelift)

The Optima was revised and updated in 2008, debuting at the New York International Auto Show (as a 2009 model year). This update features new front-end styling and tail lamps. In addition to the revised exterior, length is also slightly increased by roughly 70 millimetres (2.8 in) to approximately 4,800 mm (190 in) long. There is also a new engine and the interior has also been revised.[9] Main changes in the interior are a redesigned instrument cluster and a Sirius Satellite Radio/AM/FM/MP3/CD with an auxiliary jack. In certain markets, the option of satellite navigation is offered.

The new Theta II 2.4-liter I4 employs dual continuously variable valve timing (CVVT) and a variable intake system (VIS) to increase power to 131 kW (176 hp), while returning improved fuel consumption over its predecessor. Torque is rated at 229 N⋅m (169 lbf⋅ft). There is a 2.0L I4 for other markets with either a 5-speed manual or 4-speed automatic transmission. Power is rated at 164 hp (122 kW) at 6200 RPM and 197 N⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) of torque. Acceleration for the 2.0L is 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) in 9.2 seconds for the 5-speed manual and 10.1 seconds for the 4-speed automatic. Top speed rated up to 208 km/h (129 mph) outside of the US. The 2.7-liter V6 offers few changes to the previous model, though power is increased to 144 kW (193 hp), and torque to 249 N⋅m (184 lbf⋅ft). Acceleration for the 5-speed automatic takes it from 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) in 8.9sec with a top speed up to 220 km/h (137 mph). A five-speed manual transmission is standard in the base model, and a five-speed automatic is included with mid- and high-end levels (or as an option in the base model).

2010 models see the addition of a Proximity Key with Push-Button Start and paddle shifters on SX models.

In Australia, the Magentis was introduced in August 2006, and replaced the Optima. Initially available with a choice of 2.4 L 4-cylinder or 2.7 L V6 engines, the Magentis' sales never caught on, with sales peaking at only 741 units in 2007. In 2008, the V6 engine was dropped, as was the EX-L model, leaving only the entry-level 2.4 L EX on sale until its discontinuation in 2009. While the facelifted 2010 model was never officially launched, a very small number were imported for "evaluation" purposes, and eventually sold to the public as demos.

U.S. engines

Type Model Years Power/rpm Torque/rpm
2,359 cc (144.0 cu in) 2.4 L Theta I4 2006.5–2008 162 bhp (121 kW; 164 PS) at 5800 164 lb⋅ft (222 N⋅m) at 4000
2,359 cc (144.0 cu in) 2.4 L Theta II I4 2009–2010 175 bhp (130 kW; 177 PS) at 6000 169 lb⋅ft (229 N⋅m) at 4000
2,656 cc (162.1 cu in) 2.7 L Delta V6 2006 170 bhp (127 kW; 172 PS) at 6000 181 lb⋅ft (245 N⋅m) at 4000
2,656 cc (162.1 cu in) 2.7 L Mu V6 2006.5–2008 185 bhp (138 kW; 188 PS) at 6000 182 lb⋅ft (247 N⋅m) at 4000
2009–2010 194 bhp (145 kW; 197 PS) at 6000 184 lb⋅ft (249 N⋅m) at 4500

Third generation (TF; 2010)

Third generation (TF)
2011 Kia Optima SX -- 08-26-2011.jpg
Overview
Also calledKia Optima
Production2010–2015
Model years2011–2015 (North America)
Assembly
  • South Korea: Hwaseong (Hwaseong Plant)
  • China: Yancheng (Yancheng Plant)[citation needed]
  • Kazakhstan: Oskemen (Azia Avto)
  • Russia: Kaliningrad (Avtotor)
  • United States: West Point, GA (KMMG)[10]
Designer
  • Peter Schreyer
  • Miklós Kovács
  • Davide Limongelli
Body and chassis
Body style4-door sedan
RelatedHyundai Sonata (YF)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 2.0 L Nu MPI I4
  • 2.0 L Theta II MPI I4
  • 2.0 L Theta II T-GDI I4
  • 2.4 L Theta II MPI I4
  • 2.4 L Theta II GDI I4
  • Gasoline/LPG:
  • 2.0 L Nu LPI I4
  • 2.0 L Theta LPI I4
  • Diesel:
  • 1.7 L U II CRDi I4
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,795 mm (110.0 in)
Length4,845 mm (190.7 in)
Width1,835 mm (72.2 in)
Height1,455 mm (57.3 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight1,391–1,470 kg (3,067–3,241 lb) (2.0L/2.4L)
1,520–1,535 kg (3,351–3,384 lb) (2.0L Turbo)
1,570–1,583 kg (3,461–3,490 lb) (Hybrid)
Kia Optima (Chile; pre-facelift)
Interior

The completely redesigned Optima, sharing the same platform as its sibling Hyundai i40, named the Kia K5 in the South Korean and Chinese markets, made its world debut at the 2010 New York International Auto Show. It features a much sleeker, sportier profile designed by new Kia design chief Peter Schreyer, following the new design language featured on the Kia Forte, Kia Sorento, and upcoming Kia Sportage and Kia Cadenza — and using Kia's new corporate grille, known as the Tiger Nose, also designed by Schreyer. Lead designer of the TF in the team of Peter Schreyer and Miklos Kovacs was the Italian Davide Limongelli. For the first time, this model will be using the Optima name worldwide, where the Magentis name had been used previously.

As with its Hyundai Sonata sibling, the Optima's lineup has been replaced with a GDI 2.4-liter 4-cylinder engine, either mated to a 6-speed automatic transmission with Eco dash display, or to a 6-speed manual transmission that is standard on only the LX model. Sales began in fall 2010. The new K5 was released in the South Korean market on 29 April 2010.

The new Optima retains its trim lines of the base LX, upscale EX, and sporty SX models. Standard equipment includes safety features such as electronic stability control (ESC) and ABS brakes, as well as Sirius Satellite Radio, cooled glove box, iPod connectivity, and handsfree Bluetooth phone operation. Starting in October 2013, on LX models, Kia will offer the UVO infotainment system by Microsoft as part of the convenience package. EX model options include Kia's new UVO infotainment system by Microsoft, integrated backup camera, and Proximity Key with Push-Button Start. A panoramic moonroof, heated and cooled front seats, heated rear seats and a navigation system are also available. SX models add a rear spoiler, metal pedals, black hybrid metal and carbon insert trim, paddle shifters, and illuminated scuff plates. The third generation Optima came with two different ignition options. On some, the ignition is fitted to the steering column with a turn key. In certain specifications, the keyhole is inside of the glove box, with a start button located on the dashboard.

A Hybrid model and a Turbo model were also released. In addition, a wagon version was planned for European markets, and two-door coupé version was mooted for the United States. however they were never released.[11] The turbo model has the same powertrain as the Hyundai Sonata 2.0T.[12] The turbocharged model has 274 hp (204 kW) and 269 lb⋅ft (365 N⋅m) of torque in the North American model.[13] The car is estimated to obtain 34 mpg‑US (6.9 L/100 km; 41 mpg‑imp) on the highway.[14]

The third generation Kia Optima is built and manufactured in West Point, Georgia, which began in 2011 with the 2012 model.

In Australia, the new Optima went on sale in January 2011. Initially available in only one grade, the highly specified "Platinum", it was later joined by an entry-level "Si" model in the 2012 model year. Both models feature a 2.4L GDI engine with 6-speed automatic. A manual was not offered.

The facelifted 2014 model was unveiled at the 2013 New York International Auto Show in March.

The third generation Kia Optima was launched in Malaysia on 27 December 2011 powered by a 2.0 liter Theta II MPI engine with a 6-speed automatic transmission[15] and in January 2014 the facelift version was launched in Malaysia.[16]

Safety

The 2011 Optima received a "Top Safety Pick" rating from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS).[17]

Test Rating
Overall: 5/5 stars
Small overlap front: Average
Moderate overlap front: Good
Side: Good
Roof strength: Good
Head restraints & seats: Good

Reception

In a March 2012 comparison test by Car and Driver, the Optima came in third place out of six cars behind the first place Volkswagen Passat and the second place Honda Accord.[18]

Powertrain

2014 facelift
Model Years Transmission Power Torque 0–100 km/h
(0–62 mph)
(Official) 		Top Speed
Gasoline
2.0L Nu MPi 2013–2015 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 121 kW (165 PS; 163 hp) at 6500 rpm
127 kW (172 PS; 170 hp) at 6700 rpm		 196 N⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm
201 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm		 9.8s (Manual)
10.6s (Automatic)		 210 km/h (130 mph) (Manual)
208 km/h (129 mph) (Automatic)
2.0L Nu MPi HEV 2011–2015 6–speed automatic 140 kW (190 PS; 187 hp) at 5500 rpm 9.4s 192 km/h (119 mph)
2.0L Theta II MPi 2010–2013 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 121 kW (165 PS; 163 hp) at 6200 rpm 198 N⋅m (146 lb⋅ft) at 4600 rpm 9.8s (Manual)
10.9s (Automatic)		 210 km/h (130 mph) (Manual)
202 km/h (126 mph) (Automatic)
2.0L Theta II GDi Turbo 2011–2015 6-speed automatic 199 kW (271 PS; 267 hp) at 6000 rpm 365 N⋅m (269 lb⋅ft) at 1750-4500 rpm 6.8s
2.4L Theta II MPi 2010–2015 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 132 kW (180 PS; 178 hp) at 6000 rpm 231 N⋅m (171 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm 9.1s (Manual)
9.5s (Automatic)		 210 km/h (130 mph)
2.4L Theta II GDi 6-speed automatic 148 kW (201 PS; 198 hp) at 6300 rpm 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 4250 rpm 9.0s 210 km/h (130 mph)
LPG
2.0L Nu LPi 2011–2015 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 115 kW (157 PS; 155 hp) at 6200 rpm 196 N⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) at 4200 rpm
2.0L Theta II LPi 2010–2011 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 106 kW (144 PS; 142 hp) at 6000 rpm 189 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) at 4250 rpm
Diesel
1.7L U II CRDi 2010–2015 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 100 kW (136 PS; 134 hp) at 4000 rpm 325 N⋅m (239 lb⋅ft) at 2000–2500 rpm 10.3s (Manual)
11.6s (Automatic)		 202 km/h (126 mph) (Manual)
197 km/h (122 mph) (Automatic)

Hybrid version

2012 Kia Optima Hybrid (US)
2013 Kia Optima Hybrid (Sweden)

The 2011 Kia Optima Hybrid was unveiled at the 2010 Los Angeles Auto Show, and was launched in the U.S. market in November 2011. During its first month in the market sold 524 units.[19] Considering cumulative sales in the U.S. market through December 2011, with 19,672 units sold, together the Hyundai Sonata Hybrid and the Kia Optima Hybrid ranked second in hybrid sales for calendar year 2011, after the Toyota Prius.[20]

The Optima Hybrid uses the Hyundai Sonata Hybrid powertrain, combining a 2.4-liter MPI engine with a six-speed automatic transmission, and a 30kW electric motor and lightweight lithium polymer batteries to produce a full gasoline-electric hybrid with an estimated fuel consumption of 37 mpg‑US (6.4 L/100 km; 44 mpg‑imp) city and 39 mpg‑US (6.0 L/100 km; 47 mpg‑imp) highway.[21] The Optima Hybrid is able to travel up to 100 km/h (62 mph) in full electric mode, which helps it stand apart from many competitors.[22] Korean and European markets will get the Optima Hybrid with a 2.0-liter turbocharged engine.[23]

The only externally apparent features that differentiate it from the Kia Optima are the hybrid badging, application specific wheel design, a lowered ride height by approximately 1 in (25 mm), and the availability of a special light platinum graphite paint color. It also utilizes an active shutter system behind the upper grille, allowing the car to redirect airflow when the gas engine's heat levels allow (such as when the car is operating in EV mode to improve aerodynamics, or to assist in more rapid warming up of the gas engine).[24]

In September 2011, the Optima Hybrid set a Guinness World Record for "Lowest Fuel Consumption in a Hybrid Gasoline Vehicle" while driving across the continental United States for 14 days, starting from the Kia factory in West Point, Georgia. In its 7,899-mile drive across the 48 states, the car recorded an average of 64.55 miles per gallon while consuming a total of five and a half tanks of gasoline. In order to qualify for the record, the car had two people and luggage throughout the entire trip.[25][26]

Fourth generation (JF; 2015)

Fourth generation (JF)
Kia Optima (JF) (cropped).jpg
Overview
Also calledKia Optima
Production2015–2020
Model years2016–2020 (North America)
Assembly
  • South Korea: Hwaseong (Hwaseong Plant)
  • United States: West Point, Georgia (KMMG)
  • China: Yancheng (DYK)
  • Malaysia: Gurun, Kedah Plant (Naza)
  • Kazakhstan: Oskemen (Azia Avto)
  • Russia: Kaliningrad (Avtotor)
  • Algeria: Batna (GLOVIZ)[27]
DesignerPeter Schreyer
Body and chassis
Body style
RelatedHyundai Sonata (LF)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 1.6 L Gamma II T-GDi I4
  • 2.0 L Nu MPi I4
  • 2.0 L Theta II T-GDi I4
  • 2.4 L Theta II GDi I4
  • Gasoline hybrid:
  • 2.0 L Nu GDi HEV I4
  • Gasoline/LPG:
  • 2.0 L Nu LPi I4
  • Diesel:
  • 1.6 L U II CRDi I4
  • 1.7 L U II CRDi I4
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,805 mm (110.4 in)
Length4,855 mm (191.1 in)
Width1,860 mm (73.2 in)
Height1,465 mm (57.7 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight1,440–1,565 kg (3,175–3,450 lb) (Gasoline)
1,510–1,535 kg (3,329–3,384 lb) (Diesel)
1,580–1,600 kg (3,480–3,530 lb) (Hybrid)
Sedan
Sportswagon

The 2016 Kia Optima went on-sale towards the end of 2015. It shares a platform with the 2015 Hyundai Sonata, and offers a new design, with new features and enhancements.[28] As with the previous-generation Optima, the new model was designed by Kia's Chief of Design, Peter Schreyer. Unveiled at the 10th Seoul Motor Show in April 2015, the new K5 was released in the South Korean market on 15 July 2015.

For the Malaysian market, the fourth generation Kia Optima was launched in May 2017 powered by the Theta II 2.0 liter turbocharged four-cylinder gasoline engine with a 6-speed automatic transmission.[29]

Sportswagon

At the 2016 Geneva Motor Show, Kia revealed the Sportswagon variant of the Optima. Developed mainly for the European market by Kia's European design team, Kia says the model represents a significant growth opportunity in Europe, as two thirds of all models sold in the class are estates, rising to three quarters when looking purely at fleet sales. In its case, Kia says the estate could outsell the sedan version six to one.[30]

Powertrain

Kia Optima (JF) pre-facelift interior
Gasoline engines
Model Years Transmission Power Torque 0–100 km/h
(0–62 mph)
(Official) 		Top Speed
1.6L Gamma II T-GDi 2015–2019 7–speed dual clutch 132 kW (180 PS; 178 hp) at 5500 rpm 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) at 1500–4500 rpm 8.9s 210 km/h (130 mph)
2.0L Nu GDi HEV 6–speed automatic 151 kW (205 PS; 202 hp) at 6000 rpm 9.4s 192 km/h (119 mph)
2.0L Nu MPi 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 120 kW (163 PS; 161 hp) at 6500 rpm 196 N⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm 9.4s (Manual)
10.5s (Automatic)		 210 km/h (130 mph) (Manual)
208 km/h (129 mph) (Automatic)
2.0L Theta II T-GDi 6-speed automatic 180 kW (245 PS; 242 hp) at 6000 rpm 353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) at 1350-4000 rpm 7.6s 240 km/h (149 mph) (Sedan)
232 km/h (144 mph) (Wagon)
2.4L Theta II GDi 138 kW (188 PS; 185 hp) at 6000 rpm 241 N⋅m (178 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm 9.1s 210 km/h (130 mph)
2.0L Nu LPi 2015–2021 6-speed manual
6-speed automatic		 113 kW (153 PS; 151 hp) at 6200 rpm
111 kW (151 PS; 149 hp) at 6200 rpm		 196 N⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm
194 N⋅m (143 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm
1.6L U II CRDi 2018–2019 6-speed manual
7-speed dual clutch		 100 kW (136 PS; 134 hp) at 4000 rpm 320 N⋅m (236 lb⋅ft) at 2000–2250 rpm 11.2s (Manual)
11.8s (DCT)		 196 km/h (122 mph) (Manual)
195 km/h (121 mph) (DCT)
1.7L U II CRDi 2015–2018 104 kW (141 PS; 139 hp) at 4000 rpm 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) at 1750–2500 rpm 10.2s (Manual)
11.1s (DCT)		 200 km/h (124 mph)

Plug-in hybrid

Kia Optima plug-in hybrid

A plug-in hybrid variant was unveiled at the 2016 Chicago Auto Show. The Kia Optima PHEV shares the powertrain of the Hyundai Sonata PHEV, and like its sibling, it has a 9.8 kWh battery pack that delivers an all-electric range of 27 mi (43 km), but the Optima plug-in hybrid has a lower drag coefficient, which at 0.24 Cd is on par with the all-electric Tesla Model S. The Optima PHEV has an active grille, which automatically opens and closes at high and low speeds, contributing to reduce the Cd.[31] The plug-in hybrid features a 50 kW electric motor and 2.0-liter “Nu” four-cylinder GDI engine, mated to a six-speed automatic transmission.[32]

Retail deliveries began in the United States in January 2017 with 40 units sold.[33]

Facelift (2018)

Facelift (2018)

The facelifted Kia Optima was officially revealed at the 2018 Geneva Motor Show. In January, the facelifted Kia K5 was introduced in South Korean market.

Safety

The 2017 Optima received a "Top Safety Pick+" rating from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS).[34]

Test Rating
Overall: 5/5 stars
Small overlap front: Good
Moderate overlap front: Good
Side: Good
Roof strength: Good
Head restraints & seats: Good
Front crash prevention: Superior
Headlights: Good
Child seat anchors (Latch) ease of use: Acceptable

Awards

The Optima is a two-time winner of the International Car of the Year award. it also won the 2016 Red Dot "Best of the Best" Award.[35]

Kia Optima Convertible Concept rear view

Kia Optima Convertible Concept

The Kia Optima Convertible Concept was shown in 2015; a 4-door concept car similar to the Kia Optima sedan without a roof and rear-hinged doors for the rear passengers in place of the front-hinged doors of the production car.[36]

Fifth generation (DL3; 2019)

Fifth generation (DL3)
2022 Kia K5 GT-Line in Pacific Blue, Front Left, 09-05-2022.jpg
2022 K5 GT-Line
Overview
Production2019–present
Model years2021–present
Assembly
  • South Korea: Hwaseong (Hwaseong Plant)
  • United States: West Point, Georgia (KMMG)
  • China: Yancheng (Yancheng Plant)
  • Russia: Kaliningrad (Avtotor)[37]
  • Uzbekistan: Jizzakh (ADM-Jizzakh)[38]
DesignerKim Sung-Wook[39][40]
Body and chassis
Body style
PlatformHyundai-Kia N3[41][42]
RelatedHyundai Sonata (DN8)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 1.5 L Smartstream G1.5 T-GDi I4
  • 1.6 L Smartstream G1.6 T-GDi I4[43]
  • 2.0 L Smartstream G2.0 MPi I4
  • 2.0 L Smartstream G2.0 T-GDi I4
  • 2.5 L Smartstream G2.5 GDi I4
  • 2.5 L Smartstream G2.5 T-GDi I4
  • Gasoline hybrid:
  • 2.0 L Smartstream G2.0 HEV I4
  • Gasoline/LPG:
  • 2.0 L Smartstream G2.0 LPi I4
Transmission
Hybrid drivetrainHEV
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,850 mm (112.2 in)[45]
2,900 mm (114.2 in) (China)
Length4,905 mm (193.1 in)
4,980 mm (196 in) (China)
Width1,860 mm (73.2 in)
Height1,445 mm (56.9 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight1,410–1,515 kg (3,109–3,340 lb)

The fifth generation Optima is badged as the K5 worldwide.[46] It was first unveiled in November 2019 and released in South Korea on 12 December 2019. Its overall design is similar to that of the Sonata, with a fastback-like profile, a trend that began in the 1940s. However, the styling is unique, featuring Z-shaped running lights, a textured grille and a chrome strip that runs along the window line and becomes more prominent at the C-pillar. The interior has been redesigned significantly as well, with an optional 12.3-inch digital cluster and 10.3-inch center screen, augmented by Apple CarPlay and Android Auto and an optional 12-speaker Bose audio system.

Under the hood, engines mostly mirror that of the Sonata, with the base 4-cylinder turbo 1.6-liter engine producing 180 hp and 195 lb⋅ft of torque[47] and the GT receiving a high-performance 2.5-liter turbocharged four-cylinder unit with 286 hp and 311 lb⋅ft of torque. All-wheel drive is newly available on some trim levels, distinguishing it from the Sonata.

Depending on the market, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) include Forward Collision-avoidance Assist (FCA), Blind-spot View Monitor (BVM) with Surround View Monitor (SVM) and Blind-spot Collision-avoid Assist (BCA), Smart Cruise Control (SCC) or Navigation-based SCC (NSCC), Lane Following Assist (LFA), Driver Attention Warning (DAW), and Highway Driving Assist (HDA).[48]

Kia was confirmed that the car is not to be available for the European markets or any right-hand-drive markets (such as Asia, Australasia and Africa) due to the shrinking traditional sedan market.[49][50]

  • Rear view (GT-Line, US)

  • K5 Hybrid (South Korea)

  • Interior

Facelift

The K5 facelift was revealed on 25 October 2023 for the 2024 model year.[51]

  • 2023 K5 Hybrid (facelift)

  • Rear view (facelift)

  • Interior (facelift)

Markets

North America

In June 2020, Kia unveiled the US-market K5, renaming it from the Optima.[52] Both the 1.6-liter turbocharged and 2.5-liter naturally aspirated Smartstream inline four-cylinder gasoline engines will be available with either front wheel drive or all wheel drive; the 2.5-liter turbocharged engine is available only in front wheel drive and is mated to an eight-speed wet dual-clutch transmission.[53] Trim levels include LX, LXS, GT-Line, EX, and GT. US specification models will be assembled at Kia's West Point, Georgia assembly plant (KMMG).

Europe

The Kia Optima was first introduced in 2010, but with a different shape and design compared to other markets. The European model had a choice to go either with diesel or gasoline engine options. It was manufactured in the company's facility in Zilina, Slovakia, and was positioned as a premium alternative to Kia's other models. Later the Optima was replaced by the new K5 version in 2015.

Powertrain

Specs[54][55][56][57][58][59]
Gasoline engines
Model Years Transmission Power Torque 0–100 km/h
(0–62 mph)
(Official) 		Top Speed
Smartstream G1.5 T-GDi 2020–present 7–speed dual clutch 125 kW (170 PS; 168 hp) at 5500 rpm 253 N⋅m (187 lb⋅ft) at 1500–4000 rpm
Smartstream G1.6 T-GDi 2019–present 8–speed automatic 132 kW (180 PS; 178 hp) at 5500 rpm 265 N⋅m (195 lb⋅ft) at 1500–4500 rpm
Smartstream G2.0 LPi 6–speed automatic 107 kW (146 PS; 144 hp) at 6000 rpm 191 N⋅m (141 lb⋅ft) at 4200 rpm
Smartstream G2.0 MPi 118 kW (160 PS; 158 hp) at 6500 rpm 196 N⋅m (145 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm 10.6s
Smartstream G2.0 Hybrid 143 kW (195 PS; 192 hp) at 6000 rpm
Smartstream G2.0 T-GDi 2020–present 8–speed automatic 177 kW (240 PS; 237 hp) at 6000 rpm 353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) at 1500–4000 rpm
Smartstream G2.5 GDi 2019–present 143 kW (194 PS; 191 hp) at 6100 rpm 245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm 8.6s
Smartstream G2.5 T-GDi 8–speed dual clutch 213 kW (290 PS; 286 hp) at 6000 rpm 422 N⋅m (311 lb⋅ft) at 1750–4000 rpm 6.6s[60]

Safety

The 2021–2022 K5 was awarded a Top Safety Pick+ from the IIHS.

NHTSA (US)[61] IIHS (US)[62]
Overall Small overlap front, driver Good
Frontal, driver Small overlap front, passenger Good
Frontal, passenger Moderate overlap front Good
Side, driver Side Good
Side, rear passenger Roof strength Good
Side pole Head restraints & seats Good
Rollover 4/5 stars / 10.70% Headlights Good/Acceptable/Marginal/Poor (depending on trim)
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-vehicle Superior
Front crash prevention: vehicle-to-pedestrian Superior/Advanced (depending on trim)
LATCH ease of use Acceptable

Motorsport

The third generation Kia Optima was an official entry in the Pirelli World Challenge. In June 2012, Michael Galati drove the Infinity Audio-sponsored Optima to Kia's first victory in round 8 of the 2012 season at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park in Bowmanville, Ontario, Canada, while teammate Mark Wilkins finished in second place.[63]

Kia Racing clinched the 2014 Pirelli World Challenge Grand Touring Sport (GTS) Class Manufacturer Championship in only its third season of competition. Kia defeated rivals Ford, Chevrolet, Porsche, Aston Martin and Nissan to become the first Korean auto manufacturer to win the championship. Kia Racing finished the season with 13 podium finishes, including 5 race wins. Meanwhile, the turbocharged Optima race cars led more on-track miles than any other manufacturer in the class this season.

The race car weighs 2,950 pounds (1,338 kg) and is powered by an inline 4-cylinder engine generating 368 horsepower and uses a 6-speed sequential transmission. It reaches 0 to 60 miles per hour (0 to 97 km/h) in 4.7 seconds and has a top speed of 160 miles per hour (257 km/h).[64]

Sales

Calendar year United States[65] South Korea[66] Global
2000 97 31,505
2001 25,912 52,892
2002 26,793 48,032
2003 34,681 31,817
2004 53,492 29,956
2005 41,349 34,657
2006 38,408 34,704
2007 40,901 32,711
2008 44,904 43,958
2009 37,527 49,054
2010 27,382 79,491
2011 84,590 87,452
2012 152,399 77,952 259,551[67]
2013 155,893 63,007
2014 159,020 49,000 300,685[68]
2015 159,414 58,619 308,683[69]
2016 124,203 44,636 238,281[70]
2017 107,493 38,184
2018 101,603 48,502
2019 96,623 39,668
2020 80,140[lower-alpha 1] 84,550
2021 92,342[lower-alpha 1] 59,499
2022 66,298 31,498
2023 64,772
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 includes both Optima and K5 models

References

  1. ↑ "Группа компаний Автотор :: Автомобили KIA". Avtotor.ru. http://www.avtotor.ru/kia/. 
  2. ↑ "2001 Kia Optima". Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. http://www.iihs.org/iihs/ratings/vehicle/v/kia/optima-4-door-sedan/2001. 
  3. ↑ "NAZA AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING PRODUCES 150,000th VEHICLE". nam.com.my. 22 September 2011. http://www.nam.com.my/press-11-09-22.html. 
  4. ↑ "Naza Automotive Manufacturing - Past". nam.com.my. 10 February 2017. http://www.nam.com.my/products-past.html. 
  5. ↑ "Kia vehicles assembly by Avtotor". Avtotor.ru. http://www.avtotor.ru/kia/. 
  6. ↑ "internationallanding". Kia.com. http://www.kia.com/optima/optima-safety.php. 
  7. ↑ "Kia Magentis Review". Carpages.co.uk. http://www.carpages.co.uk/kia/kia-magentis-review-part-1-03-12-06.asp. 
  8. ↑ "2006 Kia Optima". Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. http://www.iihs.org/iihs/ratings/vehicle/v/kia/optima-4-door-sedan/2006. 
  9. ↑ "Redesigned 2009 Kia Optima Debuts in New York". 2008-03-20. http://www.thetorquereport.com/2008/03/2009_kia_optima_debuts_in_new.html. 
  10. ↑ Chris Shunk. "Kia adding optima production line to georgia plant". Autoblog.com. http://www.autoblog.com/2011/04/22/kia-adding-optima-production-line-to-georgia-plant/. 
  11. ↑ "Kia to launch Magentis estate". Autocar.co.uk. 19 April 2010. http://www.autocar.co.uk/News/NewsArticle/AllCars/248826/. 
  12. ↑ "Optima Turbo". Kiaturbo.com.com. http://www.kiaturbo.com. 
  13. ↑ "Specs". Turbosonata.com. 27 April 2010. http://www.turbosonata.com/rumors-news-f1/specs-t2.htm. 
  14. ↑ "Specifications". kia.com. http://www.kia.com/#/optima/specifications/. 
  15. ↑ "Kia Optima K5 2.0 launched - RM143,888 on-the-road" (in en-US). Paul Tan's Automotive News. 27 December 2011. https://paultan.org/2011/12/27/kia-optima-k5-2-0-launched-rm143888-on-the-road/. 
  16. ↑ "Kia Optima K5 facelift officially launched - RM149,888" (in en-US). Paul Tan's Automotive News. 16 January 2014. https://paultan.org/2014/01/16/kia-optima-facelift-introduced-rm150k/. 
  17. ↑ "2011 Kia Optima". Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. http://www.iihs.org/iihs/ratings/vehicle/v/kia/optima-4-door-sedan/2011. 
  18. ↑ Phillips, John (March 2012). "2013 Chevrolet Malibu Eco vs. 2012 Honda Accord EX-L, 2012 Hyundai Sonata SE, 2012 Kia Optima EX, 2012 Toyota Camry SE, 2012 Volkswagen Passat 2.5 SE". http://www.caranddriver.com/comparisons/2013-chevrolet-malibu-eco-vs-2012-honda-accord-ex-l-2012-hyundai-sonata-se-2012-kia-optima-ex-2012-toyota-camry-se-2012-volkswagen-passat-25-se-comparison-tests. 
  19. ↑ O'Dell, John (6 December 2011). "Hybrid Sales Soar In November". Edmunds.com. http://www.autoobserver.com/2011/12/hybrid-sales-soar-in-november.html. 
  20. ↑ "December 2011 Dashboard: Sales Still Climbing". HybridCARS.com. 9 January 2012. http://www.hybridcars.com/news/december-2011-dashboard-sales-still-climbing-35093.html. 
  21. ↑ "Kia Optima Hybrid Coming in 2011". HybridCars.com. 23 September 2010. http://www.hybridcars.com/news/2011-kia-optima-hybrid-28614.html. 
  22. ↑ "2012 Kia Optima Hybrid Review". Automoblog.net. 14 July 2012. http://www.automoblog.net/2012/07/14/2012-kia-optima-hybrid-review-2/. 
  23. ↑ Car supermarkets (22 March 2011). "Kia Optima hybrid driven – Car and Car-Buying News – What Car?". Whatcar.com. http://www.whatcar.com/car-news/kia-optima-hybrid-driven/256089. 
  24. ↑ "2011 Kia Optima Hybrid | MotorWeek". http://www.motorweek.org/reviews/road_tests/2011_kia_optima_hybrid. 
  25. ↑ Woodyard, Chris (13 September 2011). "Kia Optima Hybrid sets hypermiling fuel economy record". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/driveon/post/2011/09/kia-optima-hybrid-guiness-record-lowest-fuel-consumption-hypermilers/1#.UKbpN4b4Kgc. 
  26. ↑ Welsh, Jonathan (13 September 2011). "Kia Optima Sets Guinness Record for Fuel Economy". The Wall Street Journal. https://blogs.wsj.com/drivers-seat/2011/09/13/kia-optima-sets-guinness-record-for-fuel-economy/. 
  27. ↑ M., Baya (2018-12-20) (in fr), Salon de la Production Algérienne (20 au 26 Décembre): Kia Al Djazair dévoile l'Optima Made In DZ, Autobip, https://www.autobip.com/fr/actualite/salon_de_la_production_algerienne_%2820_au_26_decembre%29_kia_al_djazair_devoile_l%E2%80%99optima_made_in_dz/6542 
  28. ↑ "Kia Optima vs Hyundai Sonata". https://motorask.com/are-kia-optimas-reliable/. 
  29. ↑ "Kia Optima GT launched in Malaysia - 242 hp, RM180k" (in en-US). Paul Tan's Automotive News. 24 May 2017. https://paultan.org/2017/05/24/kia-optima-gt-launched-in-malaysia-242-hp-rm180k/. 
  30. ↑ "New Kia Optima Sportswagon estate revealed" (in en). https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/new-kia-optima-sportswagon-estate-revealed. 
  31. ↑ Kane, Mark (11 February 2016). "Kia Optima Plug-In Hybrid Debuts In Chicago (w/video)". InsideEVs.com. http://insideevs.com/kia-optima-plug-in-hybrid-debuts-in-chicago/. 
  32. ↑ Kane, Mark (4 March 2016). "2017 Kia Optima Plug-In Hybrid At The Chicago Auto Show, On Sale This Fall". InsideEVs.com. http://insideevs.com/2017-kia-optima-plug-in-hybrid-at-the-chicago-auto-show/. 
  33. ↑ Cobb, Jeff (2 February 2017). "January 2017 Dashboard". HybridCars.com and Baum & Associates. http://www.hybridcars.com/january-2017-dashboard/. 
  34. ↑ "2017 Kia Optima". Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. http://www.iihs.org/iihs/ratings/vehicle/v/kia/optima-4-door-sedan. 
  35. ↑ "New Kia Sportage and Optima win new design awards". thenewsmarket.com. 30 March 2016. http://www.thenewsmarket.com/global/latest-news/all/new-kia-sportage-and-optima-win-new-design-awards/s/f5f12f44-68d2-47f4-abbf-feb595ea696f. 
  36. ↑ "2016 Kia Optima Turned into Convertible for SEMA". 2015-10-31. https://www.motortrend.com/news/2016-kia-optima-turned-into-convertible-for-sema/. 
  37. ↑ "Новый седан Kia K5 начали выпускать в России" (in ru). 15 July 2020. https://wroom.ru/news/11623. 
  38. ↑ "В Узбекистане начались продажи седана Kia K8". https://www.kia.ru/press/news/380/. 
  39. ↑ "DM/206 640". https://www3.wipo.int/designdb/hague/en/showData.jsp?ID=HAGUE.D206640. 
  40. ↑ "DM/206 651". https://www3.wipo.int/designdb/hague/en/showData.jsp?ID=HAGUE.D206651. 
  41. ↑ Sutton, Mike (2020-07-16). "2021 Kia K5 Rolls Out a New Name for the Optima" (in en-US). https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a33325501/2021-kia-k5-drive/. 
  42. ↑ "2021 Kia K5 vs 2021 Hyundai Sonata: Prices, Features, Engine, and MPG Figures Compared" (in en). https://www.carindigo.com/news/2021-kia-k5-vs-2021-hyundai-sonata-prices-features-engine-and-mpg-figures-compared. 
  43. ↑ Stocksdale, Joel (17 December 2019). "2021 Kia Optima getting two turbo engines, all-wheel drive option". Autoblog. https://www.autoblog.com/2019/12/17/2021-kia-optima-k5-engine-transmission-drivetrain/. 
  44. ↑ Hoffman, Connor (17 December 2019). "2021 Kia Optima Looks Sharp, Gets AWD". Car and Driver. https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a30260281/kia-optima-2021-photos-info/. 
  45. ↑ Capparella, Joey (12 November 2019). "2021 Kia Optima Raises the Style Bar for Mid-Size Sedans". Car and Driver. https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a29765974/2021-kia-optima-reveal/. 
  46. ↑ Takahashi, Mark (2020-07-09). "Kia K5 Prices, Reviews, and Pictures | Edmunds". https://www.edmunds.com/kia/k5/. 
  47. ↑ "Kia K5 Buyer's Guide". MotorTrend.com. 20 December 2020. https://www.motortrend.com/cars/kia/k5/. 
  48. ↑ "New Kia K5 sedan (Optima) is ready for global markets with AWD". 17 December 2019. https://www.autodevot.com/2019/12/new-2020-kia-k5-optima-fastback-sedan-revealed/. 
  49. ↑ "Kia Optima badge exits Australia | CarAdvice" (in en). https://www.caradvice.com.au/890892/kia-optima-badge-exits-australia/. 
  50. ↑ New Kia K5/Optima not coming to Europe - Motor1, 27 Dec 2019
  51. ↑ Padeanu, Adrian. "2025 Kia K5 Facelift Gets New Lights And Curved Screens" (in en). https://www.motor1.com/news/693299/2025-kia-k5-facelift-debut/. 
  52. ↑ Sutton, Mike (2020-07-16). "2021 Kia K5 Rolls Out a New Name for the Optima" (in en-US). https://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/a33325501/2021-kia-k5-drive/. 
  53. ↑ Tracy, David (2020-06-30). "The 2021 Kia K5 Is A 290-HP Sedan With A Dual Clutch Transmission" (in en-us). https://jalopnik.com/the-2021-kia-k5-is-a-290-hp-sedan-with-a-dual-clutch-tr-1844222912. 
  54. ↑ "기아 K5 제원 - 승차감 좋은 대한민국 대표 중형차 | 기아 공식 사이트". https://www.kia.com/kr/vehicles/3rdgenk5/specification.html. 
  55. ↑ "기아 K5 하이브리드 제원 - 연비좋은 하이브리드 자동차 | 기아 공식 사이트". https://www.kia.com/kr/vehicles/3rdgenk5-hybrid/specification.html. 
  56. ↑ "2022 Kia K5 | Mid-Size Sedan - Specs, Features & Trims | Kia". https://www.kia.com/us/en/k5/specs. 
  57. ↑ "Комплектации и цены нового Kia K5 – стоимость нового седана Киа К5 2021/2022 на официальном сайте Kia в России". https://www.kia.ru/models/k5/options/. 
  58. ↑ "K5参数对比 | 起亚". https://www.dyk.com.cn/vehicles/allnewk5/specs/compare/. 
  59. ↑ "2021 Kia Optima getting two turbo engines, all-wheel drive option". https://www.autoblog.com/2019/12/17/2021-kia-optima-k5-engine-transmission-drivetrain/. 
  60. ↑ "Kia Global Media Center : Introducing the all-new Kia K5 fastback sedan". https://www.kianewscenter.com/news/all/introducing-the-all-new-kia-k5-fastback-sedan/s/d067d594-9de2-4ada-8ff3-c6c91c962d0f. 
  61. ↑ "2021 KIA K5 4 DR FWD | NHTSA" (in en). https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle/2021/KIA/K5/4%2520DR/FWD. 
  62. ↑ "2021 Kia K5 4-door sedan" (in en). https://www.iihs.org/ratings/vehicle/Kia/k5-4-door-sedan/2021. 
  63. ↑ "Kia Racing Scores First Pirelli World Challenge Victory as Galati and Wilkins Bring Infinity Audio Optimas Home First and Second in Canada". PR Newswire. 23 June 2012. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/kia-racing-scores-first-pirelli-world-challenge-victory-as-galati-and-wilkins-bring-infinity-audio-optimas-home-first-and-second-in-canada-160135085.html. 
  64. ↑ Webster, Larry (October 2014). "Kia Optima GTS Race Car". Road & Track 66 (3): 40–42. 
  65. ↑ "News - Sales Data - Sales Data - Kia Motors America Newsroom". http://www.kiamedia.com/us/en/sales. 
  66. ↑ "Sales Results - Investor Relations; Kia Global Brand Site". https://worldwide.kia.com/int/company/ir/archive/sales-results. 
  67. ↑ "Kia Motors Global Media Center : Kia Motors Ends 2012 with 9.3% Increase in Global Sales". http://www.kianewscenter.com/News/News/kia-motors-ends-2012-with-9.3--increase-in-global-sales/s/24631c7c-2e3a-45c2-bdfd-9996787f52f4. 
  68. ↑ "Kia Global Media Center : Kia Motors global sales rise 5.9% in 2014". https://www.kianewscenter.com/News/kia-motors-global-sales-rise-5.9--in-2014/s/b0fd3213-7b4f-4641-9011-18666c175ad9. 
  69. ↑ "Kia Motors Global Media Center : Kia Motors posts 0.3% rise in 2015 global sales". http://www.kianewscenter.com/News/kia-motors-posts-0.3--rise-in-2015-global-sales/s/e578391e-6783-4ce8-bd4a-d6c0103fcd1e. 
  70. ↑ "Kia Motors Global Media Center : Kia Motors posts 3.2% rise in 2016 Global Sales". http://www.kianewscenter.com/News/ALL/kia-motors-posts-3.2--rise-in-2016-global-sales/s/bbbb5165-5178-4a22-b9ac-fbe29cf2d4f2. 

External links



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