Engineering:LTZ1000
The LTZ1000 is a high-precision, ultra-stable voltage reference originally developed by Carl Nelson for Linear Technology. It consists of a subsurface Zener diode reference packaged along with an integrated heater and temperature sensor designed to hold the device at a constant temperature for improved stability.[1][2]
Since the 2016/2017 purchase of Linear Technology by Analog Devices, the LTZ1000 is still made, but there are two new similar products.[3] The ADR1000 is a pin-compatible product with, a lower operating voltage (6.6 V vs. 7.2 V), and requiring minor changes to the supporting circuitry.[4] The ADR1001 incorporates heater control circuitry, an output buffer, and a precision divider for producing 5.00 and 10.00 V standard voltages.[5] These devices have improved short-term noise performance, but notably poorer long-term drift than the LTZ1000.[6][7]
Overview
The LTZ1000's internal reference is an Zener diode in series with a compensation transistor, which is kept at a constant temperature by an internal resistive heater. An internal sensing transistor is used by external circuitry to drive the heater and maintain the reference's constant internal temperature. Because of its high sensitivity, the LTZ1000 must be thermally isolated from the rest of the circuit and housed in an enclosure that is well shielded from air currents for optimal performance. The device's output voltage ranges from 7 to 7.5V on a chip-to-chip basis, with a noise figure of 1.2 μV peak to peak and a long-term drift of 2 μV/√kHr.[1][8]
Applications
The LTZ1000 is a popular reference for many high-precision metrology applications, and has served as the internal voltage reference for many high-precision devices such as the HP3458A 8½ digit multimeter and CERN's HPM7177 8½ digit voltmeter, which is used in the Large Hadron Collider.[9][10] It is also very popular among hobbyists seeking to produce their own voltage references for calibrating equipment or obtaining highly precise voltage measurements.[11]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 LTZ1000/LTZ1000A Ultra Precision Reference (PDF) (data sheet). Rev. E. Linear Technology. November 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ↑ Rako, Paul (17 September 2017). "An Interview with "Analog Guru" Carl Nelson". https://www.electronicdesign.com/technologies/analog/article/21805566/an-interview-with-analog-guru-carl-nelson. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ↑ Tsemenko, Ilya (17 September 2021). "ADI ADR1000, new ultra-low noise zener voltage reference". https://xdevs.com/article/adr1000order/. Retrieved 2026-08-26.
- ↑ ADR1000 Oven-Compensated, Buried Zener, 6.62 V Voltage Reference (PDF) (data sheet). Rev. C. Analog Devices. July 2026. Retrieved 2026-08-26.
- ↑ ADR1001 Oven-Controlled, Buried Zener, Precision Voltage Reference (PDF) (data sheet). Rev. 0. Analog Devices. January 2024. Retrieved 2026-08-26.
- ↑ Tsemenko, Ilya. "Analog Devices ADR1000 zener performance study". https://github.com/tin-/adr1000. Retrieved 2026-08-26.
- ↑ Tsemenko, Ilya. "Analog Devices ADR1001 zener performance study 2023-2026". https://github.com/tin-/adr1001. Retrieved 2026-08-26.
- ↑ Tsemenko, Ilya (4 March 2015). "xDevs.com KX LTZ1000-based DC Voltage reference design". https://xdevs.com/article/kx-ref/. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ↑ Tsemenko, Ilya (15 September 2015). "HP 3458A 8.5-digit metrology-grade DMM restoration". https://xdevs.com/fix/hp3458a/. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ↑ Beev, Nikolai (26 April 2017). New High-Resolution ADC Development for HL-LHC: HPM-7177 (PDF) (Technical report). TE-EPC-HPM. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
- ↑ Rako, Paul (14 March 2017). "What's All This LTZ1000 Stuff, Anyway?". https://www.electronicdesign.com/technologies/analog/article/21804689/whats-all-this-ltz1000-stuff-anyway. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
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