Engineering:Lexus LX

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Short description: Full-size luxury SUV model from Lexus
Lexus LX
2018 Lexus LX 570 (facelift), front 3.24.23.jpg
2018 Lexus LX 570 (United States, J200, second facelift)
Overview
ManufacturerToyota
Also calledToyota Land Cruiser
ProductionNovember 1995 – present
Model years1996–present
AssemblyJapan: Toyota City, Aichi (Yoshiwara plant)[1]
Body and chassis
ClassFull-size luxury SUV
Body style5-door SUV
LayoutFront-engine, four-wheel-drive

The Lexus LX (Japanese: レクサス・LX, Hepburn: Rekusasu LX) is a full-size luxury SUV sold by Lexus, a luxury division of Toyota since January 1996, having entered manufacturing in November 1995. It is Lexus' largest and most expensive luxury SUV. Four generations have been produced, all based heavily on the long-running Toyota Land Cruiser SUVs. The first-generation LX 450 started production in 1995 as Lexus' first entry into the SUV market. Its successor, the LX 470, premiered in 1998 and was manufactured until 2007. The third-generation LX debuted at the New York International Auto Show in April 2007. The fourth-generation LX debuted in October 2021.

The first-generation LX 450 had a straight-six engine and seats for seven passengers. The second and third-generations had a V8 engine powertrain, a welded steel body-shell combined with full-size steel ladder frame (body-on-frame construction), and seats for eight passengers. The fourth-generation model has a twin-turbocharged V6 engine powertrain and seats for seven passengers as standard and four passengers as an option. The second-generation LX 470 shared exterior styling with the Japanese domestic market Land Cruiser Cygnus.

According to Lexus, the "LX" name stands for "Luxury Crossover".[2] However, some Lexus importers use the backronymic name, "Luxury Four Wheel Drive".[3]

First generation (J80; 1995)

First generation
Lexus-LX-450 01.jpg
Overview
Also calledToyota Land Cruiser (J80)
ProductionNovember 1995 – December 1997
Model years1996–1997
Body and chassis
RelatedToyota Land Cruiser (J80)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 4.5 L 1FZ-FE I6 (LX 450; FZJ80)
Transmission4-speed A343F automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,850 mm (112.2 in)
Length4,821 mm (189.8 in)
Width1,930 mm (76.0 in)
Height1,869 mm (73.6 in)

1995–1997

Rapidly developed in the mid-1990s as a result of threatening US trade sanctions on Japanese luxury cars, the LX 450 started production in November 1995[4] and was released to the US in January 1996 as a 1996 model; Canada received the LX from 1997. The LX 450 was Lexus's first SUV and was almost entirely based on the sixth generation Toyota Land Cruiser (J80). Differences lay in a restyled, more luxurious interior and softer suspension settings. The first LX 450 rolled off the production line in December 1995.[5]

Lexus LX 450

The LX 450 was powered by a 4.5-liter, twin-cam, four-valve inline-six engine that produced 160 kW (215 hp) and 373 N⋅m (275 lb⋅ft) of torque. Both front and rear axles were solid. Externally, the LX 450 was identical to the J80 series Land Cruiser, with the exception of the grille, side body cladding, and wheels.[5] Side running boards give step-up access.[5] The vehicle had additional sound-absorbing insulation.[5]

Amenities included leather seats and seating for seven passengers in three rows,[5] the third row accessed by tilting the second row bench seat forward. The third row could be folded to the side and the second row folded down for further space.[5] The vehicle was pre-wired for the Lexus remote telephone system, and had a remote entry key system.[5] The three options consisted of a console-mounted 6-disc CD changer, electronic front and rear locking differentials, and a power moonroof.[5] At the time of its sales debut in early 1996, the LX 450 was listed in the US at a suggested base price of $47,995,[5] an approximately $7,000 premium over the Land Cruiser, with a base price of $40,678 in 1996,[5] but a similarly optioned Land Cruiser would cost $46,968.[6]

Interior

Targeted against luxury SUV competitors such as Range Rover, the LX 450 sold over 5,000 units in 1996 and over 9,000 units in 1997. At its launch it sold out its initial production allocation, resulting in a two-month wait list, surpassing initial expectations which had called for 4,000 units that year.[5] It was brought to market as US buyers showed greater interest in large SUVs, which had grown popular because of their high driver's vantage point and truck-like characteristics.[5] Lexus customer research revealed that one in six owners were purchasing large SUVs to add to their garages.[5] An additional factor was the US-Japan trade war of the mid-1990s. The US government threatened to place 100 percent tariffs on all Japanese luxury import cars, but not including SUVs. The LX 450 was produced as a rebadged model (in contrast with other Lexus efforts which were independently or divergently developed from Toyota vehicles), giving a model that was exempt from the tariff.[7] Ultimately a gentlemen's agreement was reached and the threatened tariffs did not materialize.

The LX 450 replaced the Land Cruiser in the Canadian market starting after 1996, reducing internal competition (big expensive SUVs have traditionally faced a difficult market in Canada) and avoiding the issue of selling a rebadged model (except for GM, Ford and Chrysler, rebadged models in Canada have not met with success). For a 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) vehicle, the LX 450 was regarded by some critics as underpowered,[8] leading to the shortening of its model cycle (despite sales increases) and replacement with a V8-powered successor.

The LX 450 was the top-ranked full-size SUV in J.D. Power and Associates' Initial Quality Survey, with the lowest number of problems during the first three months of ownership.

Engines

Model Engine Horsepower Max. Torque Region Years
LX 450 1FZ-FE I6 4,477 cc (273.2 cu in) 160 kW (215 hp) at 4,600 rpm 373 N⋅m (275 lbf⋅ft) at 3,200 rpm 1995-1997

Second generation (J100; 1998)

Second generation
Lexus LX470 -- 01-01-2012.jpg
2002–2005 Lexus LX 470
Overview
Also calledToyota Land Cruiser Cygnus (J100)
ProductionJanuary 1998 – October 2007
Model years1998–2007
DesignerHiroya Kitazumi (1995, facelift: 2000, second facelift: 2003)
Body and chassis
RelatedToyota Land Cruiser (J100)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 4.7 L 2UZ-FE V8 (LX 470; UZJ100)
Transmission
  • 4-speed A343F automatic
  • 5-speed A750F automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,850 mm (112.2 in)
Length4,890 mm (192.5 in)
Width1,941 mm (76.4 in)
Height1,849 mm (72.8 in)

1998–2002

In the mid-1990s, work started on a Lexus variant of the Toyota Land Cruiser (J100), the LX (J100). The final design by Hiroya Kitazumi was approved in 1995, with updates by Kitazumi approved in 2001 and 2004.[9][10] Testing was conducted from the mid-1990s till late 1997. In December 1997, the second generation LX 470 debuted at the Los Angeles Auto Show, going on sale in the second quarter of 1998. It shared the floor pan and most body panels with the equivalent Land Cruiser, and differed in its front appearance and had a more luxurious interior. Exterior design differences included a quad-headlamp forward fascia with larger grille and different wheels. It was powered by a LEV-certified 4.7-liter V8 engine, which initially produced 172 kW (230 hp), later upgraded to 175 kW (235 hp), then 200 kW (268 hp). The final torque value was 445 N⋅m (328 lb⋅ft). It was rated to tow 2,900 kg (6,500 lb) with the tow package installed.

1998–2002 Lexus LX 470

The front gained independent suspension, and the optional electronic locking front and rear differentials were dropped – although the rear locking differential was still available in Canada in 1998–1999. Suspension included Adjustable Height Control (AHC) hydraulic suspension and Adaptive Variable Suspension (AVS). The AHC could raise the vehicle for off-roading and return to a normal driving height reducing the center of gravity and wind resistance. The lowest setting for when the vehicle was stopped allowed for easier entry, exit and loading. AVS alters shock absorber firmness in under 2.5 milliseconds at each wheel, individually selecting from a range of 64 settings depending on road conditions and driver input such as steering-wheel activity, braking and acceleration. The AVS system used a switch for the driver's preferences including "normal", "comfort" and "sport" modes.

Nakamichi stereo with in-dash six-disc CD changer was optional from 1998, and became standard in 2000. A DVD-based navigation system was offered starting in 2001 with the brand new standard Mark Levinson sound system. The navigation system would become standard from 2002. electrochromic Power folding side mirrors, and a smog sensor for the HVAC system were offered.[11] For 2000 models, Vehicle Stability Control and brake assist were made standard, along with Toyota's new A-TRAC (Active Traction Control System).

2002–2005

During 2002 for the 2003 model year, Lexus introduced minor tweaks to the exterior, a 5-speed transmission[citation needed] including larger standard 18-inch wheels, a new front bumper, etc. The interior was substantially overhauled, adopting the corresponding updates to the Land Cruiser's interior, and with Bluetooth and a backup camera now available. In the US, both were optional with the camera coupled with the navigation system, due to the shared screen. Lexus increased power from 172 kW (230 hp) to 175 kW (235 hp). The updated engine now met CARB ULEV-II emission standards. Lexus added front row side torso airbags and side curtain airbags, electronic brakeforce distribution and rain-sensing windshield wipers as standard. An 11-speaker Mark Levinson premium sound system and a DVD Rear-Seat Entertainment System (RSES) were made optional. Other new features included Lexus Link, an emergency service similar to GM's Onstar, in North America.

The Night View infrared camera safety system was offered as an option in 2002, projecting information on the windshield using a head-up display; the driver could vary brightness using a dimmer knob. The 2003 LX 470 came with Variable Gear Ratio Steering (VGRS) system, varying steering ratios from 12.4 to 1 to 18.0 to 1 (previously fixed at 19.8 to 1), allowing the driver to apply less steering input to maneuver in tight places such as parking lots. By changing the ratio on the highway, minor adjustments made by the driver would not create excessive vehicular movement.

2005–2007

2005–2007 Lexus LX 470

In 2005 for the 2006 model year, a refresher included LED tail lamps, adding VVT-i to the engine and increasing its power to 205 kW (275 hp). During 2006, for the final model year, 2007, Lexus produced 400 "Limited Edition" LX 470s with Black Onyx paint, stone leather interior, and specialized badging and scuff plates.

Several awards were made for the J100 series:

  • The LX 470 was named by J.D. Power and Associates as the best luxury SUV in initial quality in 2000, 2002, and 2004.[12][13]
  • Kelley Blue Book gave the LX 470 its Best to Hold Value Award in 1998, 1999, and 2000.[14]
  • In a 2000 Edmunds.com comparison with four other premium SUVs, the LX 470 took first place.[15]
  • In a 2003 Edmunds.com comparison, the LX 470's Mark Levinson audio system and navigation system were the highest rated in their respective categories.[16]
  • In 2005, J.D. Power named the LX 470 the most reliable luxury SUV over a three-year period in its Vehicle Dependability Study.[17]

Gallery

  • 1998-2002 Toyota Land Cruiser Cygnus

  • 1998-2002 Toyota Land Cruiser Cygnus

  • 2005–2007 Toyota Land Cruiser Cygnus (Japan)

  • 2005–2007 Toyota Land Cruiser Cygnus (Japan)

  • 1998–2002 Lexus LX 470 interior

Engines

Model Engine Horsepower Max. Torque Region Years
LX 470 2UZ-FE V8 4,663 cc (284.6 cu in) 175–200 kW (235–268 hp) at 4,800 rpm 445 N⋅m (328 lbf⋅ft) at 3,400 rpm 1998-2005

Third generation (J200; 2007)

Third generation
2008-2011 Lexus LX 570 (URJ201R) Sports Luxury wagon (2011-04-28) 01.jpg
2010 Lexus LX 570 Sport (Australia)
Overview
ProductionNovember 2007 – October 2021
Model years2008–2021
Designer
  • Kengo Matsumoto, Shinichi Hiranaka and Takanori Ito[18]
  • Takanori Ito (2012 facelift)[citation needed]
Body and chassis
PlatformToyota F1
Related
  • Toyota Tundra (XK50)
  • Toyota Land Cruiser (J200)
  • Toyota Sequoia (XK60)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • 4.6 L 1UR-FE V8 (LX 460; URJ202)
  • 4.7 L 2UZ-FE V8 (LX 470; UZJ201)
  • 5.7 L 3UR-FE V8 (LX 570; URJ201)
  • Diesel:
  • 4.5 L 1VD-FTV turbo V8 (LX 450d; VDJ201)
Transmission
  • 6-speed AB60F automatic
  • 8-speed AE80F automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,850 mm (112.2 in)
Length5,005 mm (197.0 in)
Width1,970 mm (77.6 in)
Height1,865 mm (73.4 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight2,685–2,750 kg (5,919–6,063 lb)

2007–2010

On April 4, 2007, Lexus debuted the 2008 model year LX 570 at the New York International Auto Show. It was a complete redesign, and the first version to be debuted before its expected Land Cruiser counterpart. The design by Shinichi Hiranaka was approved in 2004, who also did the design update approved in 2010.[19][18][20] It has a new UL EV-II certified 5.7 L 3UR-FE V8 engine.[21] Power output is 286 kW (383 hp) with 546 N⋅m (403 lb⋅ft) of torque. The more powerful engine helps give an increased towing capacity of up to 3,900 kg (8,500 lb). The engine is tied to a six-speed sequential-shift automatic transmission with an all-new 4WD system which uses a Torsen center differential.[22] Development began on both the Land Cruiser (J200) and Lexus LX equivalent in 2002. The final design was approved in 2004, with testing being conducted into early 2007 on development prototypes and late 2007 on pre-production models. The final design patent for the J200 series Lexus LX was filed on March 27, 2007.[citation needed]

Rear view

The LX 570 is 102 mm (4 in) longer overall and 25 mm (1 in) wider, while retaining the same wheelbase. It loses the plastic lower body side cladding leaving the paint exposed. A third of the frame's body mass is made from high-tensile steel, along with the entire B-pillar, and all three crossmembers are hydroformed steel. Like the Toyota Tundra the tow hitch is integrated into the frame. The front suspension now uses double wishbones, replacing the torsion beam, which gives 230 mm (9 in) of suspension travel, while the rear continues to use a multi-link suspension with a solid rear axle for strength and durability. The LX platform has logged 240,000 test kilometers through subtropical forests, the Australian Outback and American deserts.[23]

The LX 570 comes standard with 20-inch wheels, a four-wheel electro-hydraulic suspension with an updated six-setting AHC system that can raise the vehicle by 76 mm (3 in) or lower it by 51 mm (2 in) from its normal ride height using a knob in the center console. The front suspension's air bag spring rates are variable, but not continuously like a fully active suspension arrangement. The AVS provides more immediate damper firmness adjustments that are diagonally cross-linked through a mechanical system using hydraulic fluid, similar to the 4Runner's X-REAS system.

Other performance features include a Crawl Control (more advanced version of Downhill Assist Control) system that negotiates off-road obstacles in both forward and reverse at low speeds by automatically providing throttle and braking inputs for less experienced off-road drivers: an interior lever allows the driver to reduce speed. A multi-terrain anti-lock braking system gives shorter stopping distances on surfaces such as sand or gravel. Hill-start Assist Control (HAC) prevents rolling backwards on hills or slippery surfaces.[22]

The interior includes amenities, standard and optional, featured in the 2007 LS 460, such as semi-aniline leather seats, four-zone climate control, a 19-speaker 450 Watt Mark Levinson surround-sound stereo system with hard-drive memory storage, a hard-drive-based navigation system, XM satellite radio with NavTraffic as standard, a two-piece power liftgate/tailgate and Lexus Intuitive Park Assist, sonar parking assistance. Other features include Bubinga wood trim, a center console cooler for storage of cold drinks, power sliding rear seats, power third row seats, and a 229 millimetres (9 in) DVD rear-seat entertainment system.[22]

It also has the updated Lexus fifth-generation hard-drive-based navigation system with an 8-inch high-resolution VGA display. Lexus' keyless SmartAccess with an ultra-thin "smart card" key is standard with 10 airbags including knee airbags for driver and front passenger and second row side torso airbags, and the Adaptive Front-lighting System (AFS) is standard, while the Pre-Collision System (PCS) and Dynamic Radar Cruise Control systems are options.[22] Active front headrests debut this Lexus safety feature for the first time on an SUV in the U.S. A new Wide-view Front and Side Monitor system uses a camera mounted on the grille giving a 180-degree view in front and a camera mounted on the passenger side of the side mirror helps eliminate blind spots at low speeds useful in parking lots or off-road adventures. Night View was discontinued.

In 2009, the LX 570 received J.D. Power's top score in its Initial Quality Study.[24]

2010–2012

In 2010 for the 2011 model year, Lexus introduced a mild facelift with a new front bumper, and for sports models a stick-on body kit on the front and rear bumpers. The new front bumper gave the effect of the new Lexus "spindle" grille without redesigning any of the major bodywork components. This was the first year to have the heated steering wheel option.

2012–2015

A more substantial facelift arrived in 2012 for the 2013 model year, characterized by a new grille, bumpers, headlamps, tail lamp lenses and miscellaneous trim changes such as new wheel designs.

2015–2021

Another facelift was unveiled in August 2015 at the US Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance.[25][26] The update brought significant changes with an all-new interior, and the only exterior panels carried over were the doors and the roof.[27]

Gallery

  • Pre-facelift Lexus LX 570 Prestige

  • Pre-facelift Lexus LX 570 Prestige

  • Pre-facelift interior

  • First facelift Lexus LX 570

  • Second facelift LX 570

  • Second facelift LX 570

  • Second facelift LX 570 F Sport

  • Second facelift interior

Engines

Model Engine Horsepower Max. Torque Region Years
LX 470 2UZ-FE V8 4,663 cc (284.6 cu in) 202 kW (271 hp) at 5,400 rpm 410 N⋅m (302 lbf⋅ft) at 3,400 rpm Hong Kong only 2007–2012
LX 460 1UR-FE V8 4,608 cc (281.2 cu in) 233 kW (313 hp) at 5,500 rpm 460 N⋅m (339 lbf⋅ft) at 3,400 rpm Hong Kong only[28] 2012–2014
LX 570 3UR-FE V8 5,663 cc (345.6 cu in) 270 kW (362 hp) at 5,600 rpm 530 N⋅m (391 lbf⋅ft) at 3,200 rpm GCC, Australia, Russia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan (since Apr 2012), Kazakhstan, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Philippines, Chile, South Africa, New Zealand, Vietnam (since Dec 2013), Malaysia (since Dec 2015) 2007–2021
LX 570 3UR-FE V8 5,663 cc (345.6 cu in) 277 kW (371 hp) at 5,600 rpm 534 N⋅m (394 lb⋅ft) at 3,200 rpm Japan 2015–2021
LX 570 3UR-FE V8 5,663 cc (345.6 cu in) 286 kW (383 hp) at 5,600 rpm 546 N⋅m (403 lb⋅ft) at 3,600 rpm United States, Canada 2007–2021
LX 570 Supercharger 3UR-FE V8 5,663 cc (345.6 cu in) 336 kW (450 hp) at 5,400 rpm 706 N⋅m (521 lb⋅ft) at 3,200 rpm Middle East (special edition) 2014–2015
LX 450d 1VD-FTV V8 4,461 cc (272.2 cu in) Turbodiesel 200 kW (268 hp) at 3,600 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lbf⋅ft) at 1,600–2,800 rpm Russia, Ukraine, Paraguay, New Zealand, South Africa, Azerbaijan (since 2016), Georgia (since 2018), India (since 2017), Australia (since April 2018) 2015–2021

Fourth generation (J300; 2021)

Fourth generation
Lexus LX 500d (J300) (cropped).jpg
Lexus LX 500d (J300)
Overview
ProductionOctober 2021 – present
Model years2022–present
Body and chassis
PlatformTNGA: GA-F[29]
Related
  • Toyota Land Cruiser (J300)
  • Toyota Sequoia (XK80)
  • Toyota Tundra (XK70)
Powertrain
Engine
  • Gasoline:
  • V35A-FTS twin-turbo V6 (LX 600; VJA310)
  • Diesel:
  • 3.3 L F33A-FTV twin-turbo V6 (LX 500d; FJA310)
Power output
  • 305 kW (409 hp; 415 PS) (V35A-FTS)
  • 225–227 kW (302–304 hp; 306–309 PS) (F33A-FTV)
Transmission10-speed AWR10L65 "Direct Shift" automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,850 mm (112.2 in)
Length5,085–5,230 mm (200.2–205.9 in)
Width1,990 mm (78.3 in)
Height1,855–1,895 mm (73.0–74.6 in)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight2,575–2,720 kg (5,677–5,997 lb)

The fourth-generation LX was unveiled on October 13, 2021, which is based on the J300 series Land Cruiser. Unlike the corresponding Land Cruiser, the fourth-generation LX is available in North America.[31] For the first time, two twin-turbocharged V6 engines are offered instead of V8s: a 3.4-liter gasoline unit for the LX 600, and a 3.3-liter diesel unit for the LX 500d, both mated to a 10-speed automatic transmission.[32]

The "F Sport" trim is offered for the first time, replacing the previous "Sport" trim. The "VIP/Executive/Ultra Luxury" trim with four individual seats is also available. The "Offroad" trim with three locking differentials is available exclusively in Japan.[33][34][35]

  • Lexus LX 600 F Sport (VJA310)

  • Rear

  • Interior

Engines

Model Engine Horsepower Max. Torque Region Years
LX 500d F33A-FTV V6 3,345 cc (204.1 cu in) 227 kW (304 hp) at 4,000 rpm 700 N⋅m (516 lbf⋅ft) at 1,600-2,600 rpm 2022-present
LX 600 V35A-FTS V6 3,445 cc (210.2 cu in) 305 kW (409 hp) at 5,200 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lbf⋅ft) at 2,000-3,600 rpm 2021-present

Sales

Sales data, from manufacturer yearly data.

Generation Model(s) Calendar year U.S. sales
UZJ100
LX 470 2000 14,732[36]
2001 9,320[36]
2002 9,231[37]
2003 9,193[37]
2004 9,846[38]
2005 8,555[38]
2006 5,595[39]
2007 2,468[39]
URJ200 LX 570 2008 7,915[40]
2009 3,616[41]
2010 3,983[42]
2011 3,167[43]
2012 5,005[44]
2013 4,625[45]
2014 4,052[45]
2015 3,884[46]
2016 5,707[47]
2017 6,004[48]
2018 4,753[49]
2019 4,718[49]
2020 4,512[50]
2021 3,563[50]

References

  1. ↑ "Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Auto Body Co., Ltd.". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2012. http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/production/production/japan/general_status/toyota_auto_body.html. 
  2. ↑ "1st Lexus LX SUV". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2012. http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/vehicle_lineage/car/id80000002/. 
  3. ↑ "Site Map". Australia: Lexus. https://www.lexus.com.au/smallprint/sitemap. 
  4. ↑ "Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Auto Body Co., Ltd.". Toyota. http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/production/production/japan/general_status/toyota_auto_body.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 Krebs, Michelle (1996-02-04). "Hitting the Trail in Soft Leather". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/04/automobiles/behind-the-wheel-lexus-lx-450-hitting-the-trail-in-soft-leather.html. 
  6. ↑ "1996 Toyota Land Cruiser review: Our expert's take". cars.com. https://www.cars.com/research/toyota-land_cruiser-1996/. 
  7. ↑ Dawson, Chester. Lexus: The Relentless Pursuit, p. 161. 2004: Jon Wiley & Sons, NJ.
  8. ↑ "LX 450 profile". Cargurus.com. 2008-02-29. http://www.cargurus.com/Cars/Overview-d566-Lexus-LX-450.html#. 
  9. ↑ Hiroya, Kitazumi, "Automobile", US patent D477796, published 2003-07-29, assigned to Toyota
  10. ↑ Hiroya, Kitazumi, "Motor vehicle and toy replica thereof", US patent D525173, published 2006-07-18, assigned to Toyota
  11. ↑ "Full Test: 1999 Lexus LX470 All Hail the King!". Edmunds.com. 1999-01-01. http://www.insideline.com/lexus/lx-470/1999/full-test-1999-lexus-lx470.html. 
  12. ↑ "J.D. Power and Associates 2002 Initial Quality Study". Jdpower.com. http://www.jdpower.com/corporate/news/releases/pressrelease.asp?ID=2002040. 
  13. ↑ "J.D. Power and Associates 2004 Initial Quality Study". Jdpower.com. http://www.jdpower.com/corporate/news/releases/pressrelease.asp?ID=2004037. 
  14. ↑ "Kelley Blue Book-Models to Best Hold Its Value". CARFAX. http://www.carfax.com/DP_Rpt_Links/KBB_Award_Winners.cfm#1998. 
  15. ↑ "Inside Line: News, Road Tests, Auto Shows, Car Photos and Videos". Edmunds.com. 2009-01-22. http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Drives/Comparos/articleId=43903/pageId=1227. 
  16. ↑ "2003 Large Luxury SUV Comparison Test". Edmunds.com. 2003-04-02. http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Drives/Comparos/articleId=96312/pageId=53512. 
  17. ↑ "Lexus Ranks Highest in Vehicle Dependability for the 11th Consecutive Year". Jdpower.com. http://www.jdpower.com/corporate/news/releases/pressrelease.asp?ID=2005089. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Matsumoto, Kengo; Shinichia Hiranak & Takanori Ito, "Motor vehicle and/or toy replica thereof", US patent D668998, published 2012-10-16, assigned to Toyota
  19. ↑ Tada, Hiroyuki; Kengo Matsumoto & Shinichi Hiranaka et al., "Automobile and/or toy replica thereof", US patent D563834, published 2008-03-11, assigned to Toyota
  20. ↑ Matsumoto, Kengo; Shinichi Hiranaka & Keisuke Sakamoto, "Automobile", US patent D669401, published 2012-10-23, assigned to Toyota
  21. ↑ "Inside The Most Powerful Toyota Engine Ever – Consumer Feature". Truck Trend. 4 April 2007. http://www.trucktrend.com/features/163_0704_toyota_v8_engine. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 "LX 570 press release". Pressroom.lexus.com. 2007-12-20. http://pressroom.lexus.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=1359. 
  23. ↑ "LX 570 tried and tested around the globe". Pressroom.com.au. 2008-03-31. http://www.pressroom.com.au/press_kit_detail.asp?clientID=3&navSectionID=6&categoryID=1000&kitID=252. 
  24. ↑ "2009 Initial Quality Study (IQS) – Import Nameplates Capture 15 of 22 Segment Awards". J.D. Power and Associates. 2009-06-22. http://www.jdpower.com/corporate/news/releases/pressrelease.aspx?ID=2009108. 
  25. ↑ Halvorson, Bengt (2015-08-14). "Refreshed 2016 Lexus LX 570 SUV Bows at Pebble Beach". The Car Connection (US). http://www.thecarconnection.com/news/1099586_refreshed-2016-lexus-lx-570-suv-bows-at-pebble-beach. 
  26. ↑ Thomas, David (2015-08-14). "2016 Lexus LX 570 Gets New Look, Interior, Tech (35 Photos)". US: cars.com. http://www.cars.com/articles/2016-lexus-lx-570-gets-new-look-interior-tech-35-photos-1420681040996/. 
  27. ↑ Campbell, Matt (2015-08-14). "2016 Lexus LX570 revealed". Australia: CarAdvice. http://www.caradvice.com.au/373784/2016-lexus-lx570-revealed/. 
  28. ↑ "Lexus LX460". Lexus.com.hk. http://www.lexus.com.hk/en/lexus-range/lx/spec.html. 
  29. ↑ "All-New Lexus LX Premieres as the 2nd Model of Lexus Next Generation Following NX" (Press release). Toyota. 2021-10-14. Retrieved 2022-01-27.
  30. ↑ "LX600" (in Japanese). Japan: Toyota. https://lexus.jp/models/lx/pdf/lx_catalog.pdf. 
  31. ↑ Padeanu, Adrian (2021-10-13). "2022 Lexus LX 600 Debuts As Lux Version Of All-New Land Cruiser". Motor1 (US). https://www.motor1.com/news/540346/2022-lexus-lx-600-debut/. 
  32. ↑ Lee, Jonathan (2021-10-14). "2022 Lexus LX revealed – based on new Land Cruiser with twin-turbo engines, 4-seater Executive model". paultan.org (Malaysia). https://paultan.org/2021/10/14/2022-lexus-lx-revealed-based-on-new-land-cruiser-with-twin-turbo-engines-4-seater-executive-model/. 
  33. ↑ Capparella, Joey (2021-10-13). "Lexus LX600 Looks Even Cooler in Special Off-Road Trim for Japan". Car and Driver (US). https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a37951342/lexus-lx600-off-road-version-japan/. 
  34. ↑ Padeanu, Adrian (2021-10-14). "2022 Lexus LX Offroad Trim For Japan Has Three Differential Locks". Motor1 (US). https://www.motor1.com/news/540577/2022-lexus-lx-offroad-debut/. 
  35. ↑ Anderson, Brad (2021-10-15). "2022 Lexus LX 600 Gets Offroad Trim With Three Locking Differentials, Smaller Wheels In Japan". CarScoops (US). https://www.carscoops.com/2021/10/2022-lexus-lx-600-gets-offroad-trim-with-three-locking-differentials-smaller-wheels-in-japan/. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Lexus sales figures 2000–2001". Theautochannel.com. 2010-09-13. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2002/01/03/034042.html. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "Lexus sales figures 2002–2003". Theautochannel.com. 2010-09-13. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/01/05/175869.html. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "Lexus sales figures 2004–2005". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/01/04/205039.html. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 "Lexus sales figures 2006–2007". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2008/01/03/074293.html. 
  40. ↑ "Lexus sales figures 2008". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2009/01/05/346214.html. 
  41. ↑ "Lexus sales figures 2009". Theautochannel.com. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2010/01/05/460606.html. 
  42. ↑ "December 2010 Sales Chart". Toyota USA. 2011-01-04. http://pressroom.toyota.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=2831. 
  43. ↑ "December 2011 Sales Chart". Toyota USA. 2012-01-04. http://www.lexus.com/about/news/index.html#/view-0/model-0/page-3/article-December_2011_Sales_Chart. 
  44. ↑ "December 2012 and Year-End Sales Chart". Toyota USA. 2013-01-03. http://pressroom.toyota.com/releases/december+2012+sales+chart.htm. 
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 "December 2014 and Year-End Sales Chart" (Press release). Toyota USA. 2015-01-05. Archived from the original on 2015-01-07. Retrieved 2015-01-06.
  46. ↑ "December 2015 Sales Chart" (Press release). Toyota USA. 2016-01-05. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2016-09-28.
  47. ↑ "December 2016 Sales Chart" (Press release). Toyota USA. 2017-01-05. Retrieved 2017-01-06.
  48. ↑ "December 2017 Sales Chart" (Press release). Toyota USA. 2018-01-03. Archived from the original on 2018-07-18. Retrieved 2018-02-13.
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 "Toyota Motor North America Reports December 2019, Year-End Sales" (Press release). US: Toyota. 2020-01-03. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 "Toyota Motor North America Reports U.S. December, Year-End 2021 Sales" (Press release). US: Toyota. 2022-01-04. Retrieved 2022-08-06.

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