Engineering:List of Galileo satellites

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Model of a Galileo IOV satellite

This is a list of past and present satellites of the Galileo navigation system. The fully operational constellation will nominally consist of 30 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit, with 24 active and 6 spares equally divided into 3 orbital planes in a Walker 24/3/1 configuration.[1]

As of 1 February 2026, 34 Galileo satellites have been launched, consisting of 4 In Orbit Validation (IOV) and 30 Full Operational Capability (FOC) satellites. Two separate Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element (GIOVE) prototype vehicles were retired in 2012. Currently, 26 satellites are operational, 2 are undergoing commissioning, 4 are not usable, and 2 are decommissioned.

The remaining 4 FOC satellites have completed manufacturing and testing. They are currently in storage awaiting launch by Ariane 6.[2]

FOC satellites were awarded and built in three batches by OHB in Bremen, Germany, with the contribution of Surrey Satellite Technology (SSTL) in Guildford, United Kingdom.[3][4]

  1. Batch 1 consists of 14 FOC satellites (Galileo-FOC FM1 to Galileo-FOC FM14)
  2. Batch 2 consists of 8 FOC satellites (Galileo-FOC FM15 to Galileo-FOC FM22)
  3. Batch 3 consists of 12 FOC satellites (Galileo-FOC FM23 to Galileo-FOC FM34)

In parallel to Batch 3's completion, 12 Galileo Second Generation (G2G) satellites, featuring electric propulsion, enhanced navigation signals and capabilities, inter-satellite links and reconfigurability in space, were in development by Thales Alenia Space (TAS) and Airbus Defence and Space, with their deployment expected to begin in 2027.[3][5][6][7][8]

VS-01 launching the GSAT0101 and GSAT0102 IOV satellites on 21 October 2011

Summary table

Summary of satellites, as of 17 December 2025
Block Launch
period 		Satellite launches In operation
and healthy
Success Failure Launched Planned
GIOVE 2005 – 2008 2 0 0 0 0
IOV 2011 – 2012 4 0 0 0 3
FOC 2014 – 2027 26 2[lower-greek 1] 2 4 23
G2G 2027 – 0 0 0 12 0
Total 32 2 2 16 26
  1. ↑ Partial failure

Satellites

The initial 28 satellites were each named after a child that won the European Commission's Galileo drawing competition. One winner was selected from each member state of the European Union.[9]

Refer to Galileo Constellation Information for the most up-to-date information on the constellation status.

# Satellite Name
(nickname) 		Launch
#, date (UTC) 		Launch
site 		Launch
vehicle 		Flight
name 		PRN Orb.
slot 		Clock
type 		FOC
block 		Status Remarks
– GIOVE-A GSAT0001 28 December 2005
05:19 		Baikonur, Site 31/6 Soyuz-FG/
Fregat 		P15000-015 Test Test RAFS – Retired
30 June 2012 30 June 2012 		Technology demonstration. Developed with the main goal of claiming the frequencies allocated by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
– GIOVE-B GSAT0002 26 April 2008
22:16 		Baikonur, Site 31/6 Soyuz-FG/
Fregat 		P15000-016 Test Test PHM – Retired
23 July 2012 23 July 2012 		Similar goal to GIOVE-A, but with higher fidelity signals.
1 Galileo-IOV FM1 GSAT0101
Belgium (Thijs) 		L1
21 October 2011
10:30 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-01 E11 B05 RAFS – Operational6 April 2026 IOV (In Orbit Validation) vehicles. Initially used for signal validation.[10] Healthy spacecraft are still part of the operative fleet.
2 Galileo-IOV FM2 GSAT0102
Bulgaria (Natalia) 		E12 B06 RAFS – Operational6 April 2026
3 Galileo-IOV FM3 GSAT0103
Czech Republic (David) 		L2
12 October 2012
18:15 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-03 E19 C04 RAFS – Operational6 April 2026
4 Galileo-IOV FM4 GSAT0104
Denmark (Sif) 		E20 C14 RAFS – Retired
18 March 2024 18 March 2024 		Payload power problem beginning on 27 May 2014 led to permanent loss of E5 and E6 transmissions. Decommissioned 16 April 2025.[11]
5 Galileo-FOC FM1 GSAT0201
Germany (Doresa) 		L3
22 August 2014
12:27 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-09 E18 Ext01 PHM 1 Not usable6 April 2026 Launched into an incorrect orbit, later corrected.[12]
Began broadcasting tests on 5 August 2016.
Unavailable since 18 February 2021 due to receiver compatibility issues.[13][14]
6 Galileo-FOC FM2 GSAT0202
Estonia (Milena) 		E14 Ext02 PHM 1 Not usable6 April 2026
7 Galileo-FOC FM3 GSAT0203
Republic of Ireland (Adam) 		L4
27 March 2015
21:46 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-11 E26 B08 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
8 Galileo-FOC FM4 GSAT0204
Greece (Anastasia) 		E22 B14 RAFS 1 Not usable6 April 2026 Removed from active service on 8 December 2017 until further notice for constellation management purposes.[15]
9 Galileo-FOC FM5 GSAT0205
Spain (Alba) 		L5
11 September 2015
02:08 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-12 E24 ? PHM 1 Retired
15 December 2025 15 December 2025 		Decommissioned 15 December 2025.[16]
10 Galileo-FOC FM6 GSAT0206
France (Oriana) 		E30 A05 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
11 Galileo-FOC FM8 GSAT0208
Cyprus (Andriana) 		L6
17 December 2015
11:51 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-13 E08 C07 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
12 Galileo-FOC FM9 GSAT0209
Latvia (Liene) 		E09 C02 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
13 Galileo-FOC FM10 GSAT0210
Lithuania (Danielė) 		L7
24 May 2016
08:48 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-15[17] E01 A12 RAFS 1 Not usable6 April 2026 Unavailable since 30 April 2023.[18]
14 Galileo-FOC FM11 GSAT0211
Luxembourg (Alizée) 		E02 A06 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
15 Galileo-FOC FM7 GSAT0207
Italy (Antonianna) 		L8
17 November 2016
13:06 		Guiana, ELA-3 Ariane 5 ES VA-233[19] E07 C06 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026 Launched on new dispenser, deployed four satellites at once.[20]
16 Galileo-FOC FM12 GSAT0212
Hungary (Lisa) 		E03 C08 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
17 Galileo-FOC FM13 GSAT0213
Malta (Kimberley) 		E04 C03 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
18 Galileo-FOC FM14 GSAT0214
Netherlands (Tijmen) 		E05 C01 PHM 1 Operational6 April 2026
19 Galileo-FOC FM15 GSAT0215
Austria (Nicole) 		L9
12 December 2017
18:36 		Guiana, ELA-3 Ariane 5 ES VA-240[21] E21 A03 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
20 Galileo-FOC FM16 GSAT0216
Poland (Zofia) 		E25 A07 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
21 Galileo-FOC FM17 GSAT0217
Portugal (Alexandre) 		E27 A04 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
22 Galileo-FOC FM18 GSAT0218
Romania (Irina) 		E31 A01 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
23 Galileo-FOC FM19 GSAT0219
Slovenia (Tara) 		L10
25 July 2018
11:25 		Guiana, ELA-3 Ariane 5 ES VA-244[22] E36 B04 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
24 Galileo-FOC FM20 GSAT0220
Slovakia (Samuel) 		E13 B01 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
25 Galileo-FOC FM21 GSAT0221
Finland (Anna) 		E15 B02 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
26 Galileo-FOC FM22 GSAT0222
Sweden (Ellen) 		E33 B07 PHM 2 Operational6 April 2026
27 Galileo-FOC FM23 GSAT0223
Croatia (Nikolina) 		L11
5 December 2021
00:19[23] 		Guiana, ELS Soyuz ST-B/
Fregat-MT 		VS-26[24] E34 B03 PHM 3 Operational6 April 2026
28 Galileo-FOC FM24 GSAT0224
Norway (Shriya) 		E10 B15 PHM 3 Operational6 April 2026
29 Galileo-FOC FM25 GSAT0225 L12
28 April 2024
00:34[25] 		Kennedy, LC-39A Falcon 9 Block 5[25] F9-327 E29 C05 PHM 3 Operational6 April 2026
30 Galileo-FOC FM27 GSAT0227 E06 C12 PHM 3 Operational6 April 2026
31 Galileo-FOC FM26 GSAT0226 L13
17 September 2024
22:50[26] 		Cape Canaveral, SLC-40 Falcon 9 Block 5[25] F9-375 E23 A02 PHM 3 Operational6 April 2026
32 Galileo-FOC FM32 GSAT0232 E16 A08 PHM 3 Operational6 April 2026
33 Galileo-FOC FM33 GSAT0233 L14
17 December 2025
05:01[27] 		Guiana, ELA-4 Ariane 62 VA-266[28] E28 C13 PHM 3 Under commissioning [29]
34 Galileo-FOC FM34 GSAT0234 E32 C17 PHM 3 Under commissioning
Scheduled launches
35 Galileo-FOC FM29 GSAT0229 L15
Q4 2026[30] 		Guiana, ELA-4 Ariane 62 3 Planned
36 Galileo-FOC FM30 GSAT0230 3 Planned
37 Galileo-FOC FM28 GSAT0228 L16
Q1 2027[30] 		Guiana, ELA-4 Ariane 62 3 Planned
38 Galileo-FOC FM31 GSAT0231 3 Planned
39 Galileo-G2G-1 G2SB1A L17
2027[31] 		Guiana, ELA-4 Ariane 62 (Block 2)[30] – Planned First G2G satellite from Thales Alenia Space.[32]
40 Galileo-G2G-2 G2SB1B – Planned First G2G satellite from Airbus Defence and Space.
41 Galileo-G2G-3 G2SB2A L18
2027[33] 		Guiana, ELA-4 Ariane 62 (Block 2)[30] – Planned
42 Galileo-G2G-4 G2SB2B – Planned
43 Galileo-G2G-5 G2SB3A TBD – Planned In production as of May 2025.[34]
44 Galileo-G2G-6 G2SB3B – Planned In production as of May 2025
References: European GNSS Service Centre;[35][36] Gunter's Space Page.[37][38]

Orbital slots

Refer to Galileo Constellation Information for the most up-to-date information.

Slot Relative
Mean Anomaly 		Plane Relative RAAN)
A (0°) B (120°) C (240°) Ext
01 0° 0218 0220 0214 (0201)
02 45° 0226 0221 0209 (0202)
03 90° 0215 0223 0213
04 135° 0217 0219 0103
05 180° 0206 0101 0225
06 225° 0211 0102 0207
07 270° 0216 0222 0208
08 315° 0232 0203 0212
12 (0210) 0227
13 0233
14 (0204) 0104
15 0224
17 0234
? 0205
Numbers in (parentheses) refer to unavailable satellites.
Numbers in italics refer to under commissioning satellites.
Numbers Template:Deleted text refer to retired satellites.
References: European GNSS Service Centre.[36]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "What does Galileo consist of? | EU Agency for the Space Programme". https://www.euspa.europa.eu/eu-space-programme/galileo/faqs/what-does-galileo-consist. 
  2. ↑ "ESTEC says goodbye to Galileo 1st Generation satellites". GPS World. 15 November 2022. https://www.gpsworld.com/estec-says-goodbye-to-galileo-1st-generation-satellites/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Galileo FOC Series". eoPortal Directory. https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/g/galileo-foc. 
  4. ↑ "12 things you never knew about Galileo satellites". ESA. 5 December 2021. https://www.esa.int/Applications/Navigation/12_things_you_never_knew_about_Galileo_satellites. 
  5. ↑ "ESA signs contract for new generation of Galileo". ESA. 28 May 2021. https://www.esa.int/Applications/Navigation/ESA_signs_contract_for_new_generation_of_Galileo. 
  6. ↑ "ESA signs contract for new generation of Galileo". Airbus. 16 June 2021. https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/news/2021-06-new-airbus-satellites-will-navigate-galileo-into-the-future. 
  7. ↑ "Galileo". Airbus. 16 June 2021. https://www.airbus.com/en/products-services/space/navigation/galileo. 
  8. ↑ "Thales Alenia Space will play a major role on-board Galileo 2nd Generation and will boost performances and cybersecurity for the constellation". Thales Alenia Space. 3 March 2021. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/space/press-release/thales-alenia-space-will-play-major-role-board-galileo-2nd-generation. 
  9. ↑ "Galileo Drawing Competition". EC. https://ec.europa.eu/defence-industry-space/eu-space-policy/galileo/galileo-drawing-competition_en. 
  10. ↑ "Galileo IOV Factsheet". ESA. 15 February 2013. http://download.esa.int/docs/Galileo_IOV_Launch/Galileo_IOV_factsheet_2012.pdf. 
  11. ↑ "Goodbye Galileo GSAT0104". https://www.gsc-europa.eu/news/goodbye-galileo-gsat0104. 
  12. ↑ "Galileo satellite recovered and transmitting navigation signals". ESA. 3 December 2014. http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Navigation/Galileo_satellite_recovered_and_transmitting_navigation_signals. 
  13. ↑ "Notice Advisory to Galileo Users (NAGU) 2021008". EUSPA. 16 February 2021. https://www.gsc-europa.eu/notice-advisory-to-galileo-users-nagu-2021008. "Galileo auxiliary satellites GSAT0201 and GSAT0202 are unavailable since 2021-02-18 beginning 09:30 UTC, due to a temporary setting of the fnav and inav health bits to unhealthy, until further notice" 
  14. ↑ "Galileo Elliptical Auxiliary Satellites Removed from Service". Inside GNSS. 23 February 2021. https://insidegnss.com/galileo-elliptical-auxiliary-satellites-removed-from-service/. 
  15. ↑ "Notice Advisory to Galileo Users (NAGU) 2017045". EUSPA. 23 November 2017. https://www.gsc-europa.eu/notice-advisory-to-galileo-users-nagu-2017045. "Galileo satellite GSAT0204 not contributing to service provision (all signals) since 2017-12-08 until further notice" 
  16. ↑ "NOTICE ADVISORY TO GALILEO USERS (NAGU) 2025059". https://www.gsc-europa.eu/notice-advisory-to-galileo-users-nagu-2025059. 
  17. ↑ "VS15 Galileo FOC-M5 SAT 13–14". arianespace. May 2016. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Dossier-de-presse-VS15-GB-2.pdf. 
  18. ↑ "Notice Advisory to Galileo Users (NAGU) 2023032". EUSPA. 30 April 2023. https://www.gsc-europa.eu/notice-advisory-to-galileo-users-nagu-2023032. "Galileo satellite GSAT0210 (all signals) is unavailable since 2023-04-30 beginning 00:52 until further notice" 
  19. ↑ "VA233 Galileo FOC-M6 SAT 15–16–17–18". arianespace. November 2016. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/VA233_Launch-kit_EN.pdf. 
  20. ↑ "Ariane 5: Accommodating Galileo". myinternalreferral.com. 17 May 2014. http://blog.myinternalreferral.com/article/ariane-5-accommodating-galileo. "First of all, we are having to design a new dispenser to accommodate the four satellites in the best way possible, optimising the way the loads transmitted by the launcher are filtered out" explains Marie-Paule Gense, head of development programmes for the Ariane 5 ECA and ES versions at Les Mureaux "Nothing similar exists in this configuration" 
  21. ↑ "VA240 Galileo FOC-M7 SAT 19–20–21–22". arianespace. December 2017. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/VA240-launchkit-EN2.pdf. 
  22. ↑ "VA244 Galileo FOC-M8 SAT 23–24–25–26". arianespace. July 2018. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/DDP-VA244-GB-final.pdf. 
  23. ↑ "Two new satellites mark further enlargement of Galileo". ESA. 5 December 2021. https://www.esa.int/Applications/Navigation/Two_new_satellites_mark_further_enlargement_of_Galileo. 
  24. ↑ "VS26 Galileo FOC-M9 SAT 27–28". arianespace. December 2021. https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/VS26-launchkit-EN6.pdf. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 Jeff Foust (7 November 2023). "EU finalizing contract with SpaceX for Galileo launches". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/eu-finalizing-contract-with-spacex-for-galileo-launches/. 
  26. ↑ "Falcon 9 Block 5 – Galileo FOC FM26 & FM32" (in en). https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/3320. 
  27. ↑ "Galileo to take its first flight on Ariane 6 on 17 December". https://www.esa.int/Applications/Satellite_navigation/Galileo_to_take_its_first_flight_on_Ariane_6_on_17_December. 
  28. ↑ https://newsroom.arianespace.com/arianespace-to-launch-eus-galileo-l14-on-december-17-2025-with-ariane-6
  29. ↑ "Notice Advisory to Galileo Users (NAGU) 2025061". EUSPA. https://www.gsc-europa.eu/notice-advisory-to-galileo-users-nagu-2025061. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 "VA266 Galileo pre launch media briefing". ESA. 9 December 2025. https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2025/12/Galileo_pre-launch_media_briefing. 
  31. ↑ "2025, année très spatiale Retour de l'Europe sur le devant de la scène". CNES. 22 January 2025. https://cnes.fr/sites/default/files/2025-01/CP002-2025_-_Voeux_Presse.pdf. 
  32. ↑ "Green light for Galileo Second Generation satellite design". https://www.esa.int/Applications/Satellite_navigation/Galileo/Green_light_for_Galileo_Second_Generation_satellite_design. 
  33. ↑ "Ariane 6 to launch second-gen Galileo satellites from 2026". Janes. 2 May 2024. https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/ariane-6-to-launch-second-gen-galileo-satellites-from-2026. 
  34. ↑ https://www.esa.int/Applications/Satellite_navigation/Galileo/Galileo_Second_Generation_developing_at_full_speed
  35. ↑ "Constellation Information". EUSPA. 16 October 2019. https://www.gsc-europa.eu/system-service-status/constellation-information. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Orbital and Technical Parameters". EUSPA. 16 October 2019. https://www.gsc-europa.eu/system-service-status/orbital-and-technical-parameters. 
  37. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "Galileo-IOV". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/galileo-iov.htm. 
  38. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "Galileo-FOC". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/galileo-foc.htm. 



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