Engineering:Soyuz-FG

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Short description: Launch vehicle
Soyuz FG
Soyuz TMA-3 launch.jpg
The launch of Soyuz TMA-3 atop a Soyuz-FG rocket.
FunctionOrbital carrier rocket
ManufacturerTsSKB-Progress
Country of originRussia
Size
Height
Mass305,000 kg (672,000 lb)
Stages2 (Soyuz FG) or 3 (Soyuz-FG/Fregat)
Capacity
Payload to LEO
  • FG: 6,900 kg (15,200 lb)[1]
Payload to SSOFG/Fregat: 4,500 kg (9,900 lb)[citation needed]
Associated rockets
FamilyR-7 (Soyuz)
Launch history
StatusRetired
Launch sites
  • FG: Baikonur LC-1/5 and LC-31/6
  • FG/Fregat: Baikonur LC-31/6
Total launches70 (FG: 60, FG/Fregat: 10)[2][3]
Successes69
Failures1
First flight
  • FG: 20 May 2001
  • FG/Fregat: 2 June 2003
Last flight
  • FG: 25 September 2019
  • FG/Fregat: 22 July 2012
Notable payloads
Boosters – Blok-B,V,G,D[4]
No. boosters4
Length19.6 m (64 ft)
Diameter2.68 m (8.8 ft)
Empty mass3,800 kg (8,400 lb)
Gross mass43,400 kg (95,700 lb)
EnginesRD-107A
Thrust
  • Sea level: 838.5 kN (188,500 lbf)
  • Vacuum: 1,021.3 kN (229,600 lbf)
Specific impulse
  • Sea level: 263.3 s (2.582 km/s)
  • Vacuum: 320.2 s (3.140 km/s)
Burn time118 seconds
FuelLOX/RG-1
Second stage – Blok-A[4]
Length27.1 m (89 ft)
Diameter2.95 m (9.7 ft)
Empty mass6,550 kg (14,440 lb)
Gross mass99,500 kg (219,400 lb)
EnginesRD-108A
Thrust
  • Sea level: 792.48 kN (178,160 lbf)
  • Vacuum: 990.18 kN (222,600 lbf)
Specific impulse
  • Sea level: 257.7 s (2.527 km/s)
  • Vacuum: 320.6 s (3.144 km/s)
Burn time280 seconds
FuelLOX/RG-1
Third stage – Blok-I[4]
Length6.7 m (22 ft)
Diameter2.66 m (8.7 ft)
Empty mass2,410 kg (5,310 lb)
Gross mass25,300 kg (55,800 lb)
EnginesRD-0110
Thrust297.93 kilonewtons (66,980 lbf)
Specific impulse326 seconds
Burn time230 seconds
FuelLOX/RG-1
Upper stage (optional) – Fregat[5]
Length1.5 m (4.9 ft)
Diameter3.35 m (11.0 ft)
Empty mass930 kg (2,050 lb)
Propellant mass5,250 kg (11,570 lb)
EnginesS5.92
Thrust19.85 kilonewtons (4,460 lbf)
Specific impulse333.2 seconds
Burn time1100 seconds
FuelN2O4/UDMH

The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle was an improved version of the Soyuz-U from the R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara, Russia. Guidance, navigation, and control system was developed and manufactured by "Polisvit" Special Design Bureau[6] (Kharkov, Ukraine).

Soyuz-FG made its maiden flight on 20 May 2001, carrying a Progress cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS). It was retired after the 25 September 2019 launch of Soyuz MS-15 to the ISS; the analog control system significantly limited its capabilities and prompted its replacement by Soyuz-2.[7] From 30 October 2002 to 25 September 2019, the Soyuz-FG was the only vehicle used by the Russian Federal Space Agency to launch Soyuz-TMA and Soyuz-MS crewed spacecraft to the ISS.

For uncrewed flights, Soyuz-FG optionally flew with a Fregat upper stage, developed and produced by Lavochkin Association in Khimki. The maiden flight of this configuration occurred on 2 June 2003, the first of ten such launches.[3] Launches of the Soyuz-FG/Fregat configuration were marketed by a European-Russian company called Starsem.

Soyuz-FG was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, from Gagarin's Start (pad LC-1/5) for crewed missions, and from LC-31/6 for satellite launches with the Fregat variant.

The Soyuz-FG performed 64 successful launches until its first failure on 11 October 2018 with the Soyuz MS-10 mission. A video recording of the spaceflight released several weeks later suggested a faulty sensor, resulted in the destruction of the rocket. The crew, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksey Ovchinin, escaped safely.[8]

Launch history

Date and time (UTC) Configuration Serial number Launch site Result Payload Remarks
20 May 2001
22:32 		Soyuz-FG К15000-001 Gagarin's Start
(Baikonur LC-1/5) 		Success Progress M1-6 ISS logistics
26 November 2001
18:24 		Soyuz-FG Ф15000-002 Gagarin's Start Success Progress M1-7 ISS logistics
Kolibri 2000
25 September 2002
16:58 		Soyuz-FG Э15000-003 Gagarin's Start Success Progress M1-9 ISS logistics
30 October 2002
16:58 		Soyuz-FG Э15000-004 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-1 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS escape craft
26 April 2003
03:53 		Soyuz-FG Э15000-006 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-2 Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 7
2 June 2003
18:24 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Э15000-005/
ST-11 		Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Mars Express[9] Mars orbiter
Beagle 2 Mars lander
Spacecraft failed after landing
18 October 2003
05:38 		Soyuz-FG Д15000-007 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-3 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 8
27 December 2003
21:30 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Д15000-008/
ST-12 		Baikonur LC-31/6 Success AMOS-2 Communications satellite
19 April 2004
05:19 		Soyuz-FG Ж15000-009 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-4 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 9
14 October 2004
03:06 		Soyuz-FG Ж15000-012 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-5 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 10
15 April 2005
00:46 		Soyuz-FG Ж15000-014 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-6 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 11
13 August 2005
23:28 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Ж15000-011/
ST-13 		Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Galaxy 14 Communications satellite
1 October 2005
03:54 		Soyuz-FG П15000-017 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-7 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 12
9 November 2005
03:33 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Ж15000-010/
ST-14 		Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Venus Express Venus orbiter
28 December 2005
05:19 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat П15000-015/
ST-15 		Baikonur LC-31/6 Success GIOVE-A Navigation satellite
30 March 2006
02:30 		Soyuz-FG П15000-018 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-8 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 13
18 September 2006
04:08 		Soyuz-FG Ц15000-023 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-9 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 14
7 April 2007
17:31 		Soyuz-FG Ц15000-019 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-10 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 15
29 May 2007
20:31 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Ц15000-021 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Globalstar × 4 Communications satellites
10 October 2007
13:22 [1] 		Soyuz-FG Ц15000-020 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-11 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 16
20 October 2007
20:12 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Ц15000-022 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Globalstar × 4 Communications satellites
14 December 2007
13:17 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Ц15000-025 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success RADARSAT-2 Earth observation
8 April 2008
11:16 		Soyuz-FG Ш15000-024 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-12 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 17
First South Korean in space.
26 April 2008
22:16 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat П15000-016 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success GIOVE-B Navigation satellite
12 October 2008
07:01 		Soyuz-FG Ш15000-026 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-13 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 18
26 March 2009
11:49 		Soyuz-FG Ю15000-027 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-14 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 19
27 May 2009
10:34 [2] 		Soyuz-FG Ю15000-030 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-15 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 20
30 September 2009
07:14 		Soyuz-FG Б15000-029 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-16 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 21
20 December 2009
21:52 		Soyuz-FG Б15000-031 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-17 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 22
2 April 2010
04:04 		Soyuz-FG Ю15000-028 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-18 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 23
15 June 2010
21:35 		Soyuz-FG Б15000-032 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-19 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 24
7 October 2010
23:10 		Soyuz-FG Б15000-035 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-01M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 25
15 December 2010
19:09 		Soyuz-FG Б15000-034 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-20 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 26
4 April 2011
22:18 		Soyuz-FG И15000-036 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-21 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 27
7 June 2011
20:12 		Soyuz-FG И15000-037 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-02M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 28
14 November 2011
04:14 		Soyuz-FG И15000-038 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-22 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 29
21 December 2011
13:16 		Soyuz-FG Л15000-039 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-03M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 30/31
15 May 2012
03:01 		Soyuz-FG Л15000-041 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-04M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 31/32
15 July 2012
02:40 		Soyuz-FG Л15000-042 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-05M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 32/33
22 July 2012
06:41 		Soyuz-FG/Fregat Б15000-033 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success
  • Kanopus-V №1
  • BelKA-2
  • Zond-PP
  • TET-1
  • exactView 1
 Earth observation and technology demonstration satellites
23 October 2012
10:51 		Soyuz-FG Л15000-044 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Soyuz TMA-06M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 33/34
19 December 2012
12:12 		Soyuz-FG Л15000-040 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-07M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 34/35
28 March 2013
20:43 		Soyuz-FG Е15000-043 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-08M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 35/36
28 May 2013
20:31 		Soyuz-FG Е15000-045 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-09M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 36/37
25 September 2013
20:58 		Soyuz-FG Е15000-046 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-10M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 37/38
7 November 2013
04:14 		Soyuz-FG Т15000-048 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-11M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 38/39
25 March 2014
21:17 		Soyuz-FG Т15000-047 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-12M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 39/40
28 May 2014
19:57 		Soyuz-FG Т15000-049 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-13M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 40/41
25 September 2014
20:25 		Soyuz-FG Т15000-050 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-14M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 41/42
23 November 2014
21:01 		Soyuz-FG T15000-051 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Soyuz TMA-15M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 42/43
27 March 2015
19:42 		Soyuz-FG G15000-053 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-16M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 43/44
22 July 2015
21:03 		Soyuz-FG G15000-052 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-17M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 44/45
2 September 2015
04:38 		Soyuz-FG G15000-054 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-18M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 45/46
15 December 2015
11:03 		Soyuz-FG G15000-055 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-19M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 46/47
18 March 2016
21:26 		Soyuz-FG R15000-057 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz TMA-20M Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 47/48
7 July 2016
01:36 		Soyuz-FG R15000-056 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-01 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 48/49
19 October 2016
08:05 		Soyuz-FG R15000-059 Baikonur LC-31/6 Success Soyuz MS-02 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 49/50
17 November 2016
20:20 		Soyuz-FG R15000-060 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-03 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 50/51
20 April 2017
07:13 		Soyuz-FG U15000-065 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-04 Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 51/52
28 July 2017
15:40 		Soyuz-FG R15000-058 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-05 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 52/53
12 September 2017
21:17 		Soyuz-FG U15000-063 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-06 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 53/54
17 December 2017
07:21 		Soyuz-FG R15000-061 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-07 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 54/55
21 March 2018
17:44 		Soyuz-FG N15000-066 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-08 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 55/56
6 June 2018
11:12 		Soyuz-FG U15000-064 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-09 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 56/57
11 October 2018
08:40 		Soyuz-FG N15000-062 Gagarin's Start Failure Soyuz MS-10 Crewed flight with 2 cosmonauts
Planned for ISS Expedition 57
Aborted during ascent, crew landed safely.
16 November 2018
18:14 		Soyuz-FG N15000-068 Gagarin's Start Success Progress MS-10 ISS logistics
3 December 2018
11:31 		Soyuz-FG N15000-067 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-11 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 57/58/59
14 March 2019
19:14 		Soyuz-FG N15000-070 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-12 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 59/60
20 July 2019
16:28 		Soyuz-FG N15000-069 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-13 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 60/61
25 September 2019[10]
13:57:43 		Soyuz-FG N15000-071 Gagarin's Start Success Soyuz MS-15 Crewed flight with 3 cosmonauts
ISS Expedition 61/62
Last flight of Soyuz-FG variant, to be replaced by Soyuz-2 for future crewed missions.

See also

The Soyuz TMA-13 spacecraft arrives at the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan 10 October 2008.

References

  1. ↑ "SOYUZ-FG Launch Vehicle". http://en.samspace.ru/products/launch_vehicles/rn_soyuz_fg/. 
  2. ↑ Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/soyuz-fg.htm. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Krebs, Gunter. "Soyuz-FG Fregat (11A511U-FG)". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/soyuz-fg_fregat.htm. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ КОСМИЧЕСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО (РОСКОСМОС)". http://www.federalspace.ru/467/. 
  5. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ru). http://www.laspace.ru/rus/fregat_construction.php. 
  6. ↑ "Системы управления ракет-носителей (Rus)". http://www.tvset.com.ua/products/management_system_boosters.php. 
  7. ↑ Zak, Anatoly. "Soyuz-FG's long road to retirement". http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz-fg.html. 
  8. ↑ Berger, Eric (1 November 2018). "Dramatic footage of Soyuz accident shows rocket booster collision - For the second human launch in a row, there's a likely quality control issue.". Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/science/2018/11/dramatic-footage-of-soyuz-accident-shows-rocket-booster-collision/. 
  9. ↑ "Soyuz FG". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/soyuzfg.htm. 
  10. ↑ (in ru). Novosti kosmonavtiki. 1 October 2018. http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/news/37181/. 

External links



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