Engineering:List of mortar carriers
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A mortar carrier, or self-propelled mortar, is a self-propelled artillery piece in which a mortar is the primary weapon.
Summary List
Modern Era Mortar Systems
Mortar carrier 81 mm
Weapon name | Caliber [mm] |
Country of origin | Source |
---|---|---|---|
ALKAR (Aselsan) | 81 mm | Turkey | [1] |
Carrier Mortar Tracked (CMT) | 81 mm | India | [2] |
Cardom 81 | 81 mm | Israel | [3] |
Dual EIMOS | 81 mm | Spain | [4] |
ESLAIT A3MS | 81 mm | Austria / Israel | |
VingPos | 81 mm | Norway | [5][6] |
Mortar carrier 120 mm
Weapon name | Caliber [mm] |
Country of origin | Source |
---|---|---|---|
120 KRH-TEKA | 120 mm | Finland | |
120 Mobile mortar system | 120 mm | Georgia | [7] |
2R2M mortar | 120 mm | France | [8][9] |
2S31 Vena | 120 mm | Russia | |
120 mm | Russia | ||
2S41 Drok | 120 mm | Russia | |
Alakran | 120 mm | Spain | [10] |
AHS-120 (Aselsan) | 120 mm | Turkey | [11] |
AMOS (Patria) (2 barrels) |
120 mm × 2 |
Finland Sweden |
[12] |
AMS II | 120 mm | United Kingdom United States |
[13][14] |
Cardom 120 | 120mm | Israel | [15] |
Cobra (RUAG) | 120 mm | Switzerland | [16] |
Crossbow 120 | 120mm | Israel | [17] |
EMOC (Escribano) | 120 mm | Spain | [18] |
ESLAIT A3MS | 120 mm | Austria | [19] |
GMM-120 | 120 mm | Georgia | [20] |
GMOS (Escribano) "Guardian MOrtar System" |
120 mm | Spain | [21] |
KSM120 Skyfall | 120 mm | South Korea | [22] |
M1064 mortar carrier | 120 mm | United States | [23] |
M1129 Mortar Carrier | 120 mm | United States | |
M120 Mortar – Wiesel 2 | 120 mm | Germany | [24] |
M1287 Mortar Carrier | 120 mm | USA | [25] |
Mjölner (2 barrels) |
120 mm × 2 |
Sweden | [26] |
MMC Bars-8 | 120 mm | Ukraine | |
NEMO (Patria) | 120 mm | Finland | [27] |
PLL-05 | 120 mm | People's Republic of China | [28] |
Ragnarok MWS120 | 120 mm | Norway | [29] |
RAK | 120 mm | Poland | |
SLING | 120 mm | Israel | [30] |
Smereka | 120 mm | Ukraine | [31] |
SPEAR | 120 mm | Israel | [32] |
SRAMS "Super Rapid Advanced Mortar System" | 120 mm | Singapore | [33] |
Cold War
Weapon name | Caliber [mm] |
Country of origin | Source |
---|---|---|---|
2S4 Tyulpan | 240 mm | Soviet Union | |
2S9 Nona | 120 mm | Soviet Union | |
Vz.85 ShM-120 PRAM-S | 120 mm | Czechoslovakia | |
M106 mortar carrier | 107 mm | United States | [34] |
World War II Era Mortar Carriers
Weapon name | Caliber [mm] |
Country of origin | Source |
---|---|---|---|
M4 MMC – M2 Halftrack | 81 mm | United States | [35][36][37] |
M4A1 MMC M2 Halftrack | 81 mm | United States | [38][39][37] |
M21 MMC M3 Half-track | 81 mm | United States | [37] |
Reihenwerfer - SOMUA MCG | 81 mm × 16 | France / Nazi Germany | .[40][41] |
Karl-Gerät Neubau-fahrzeug | 540/600 mm | Nazi Germany | [42] |
Detailed list
Modern Era Mortar Carrier
This list includes mortar carrier systems that were developed after the Cold War.
Mortar carrier 81 mm
Mortar system | Platform | Calibre [mm] |
Origin mortar system | Image | Quantity | Service life | Users (deliveries by client) | Note | |
Order | Delivery | ||||||||
ALKAR | Defender | 81 mm | Turkey | ― | ― | ― | In development | Turkish Army | System made by Aselsan, planned to be ordered by the Turkish Army[43] |
Carrier Mortar Tracked (CMT) | BMP-2 | 81 mm | India
Israel |
220 | 220 | Since 2000 | Indian Army | System made by DRDO and OFMK, fitted with IOF81 Type 1F tube (Indian licensed version of Soltam B455)[2] | |
Cardom 81 – EIMOS | URO VAMTAC S3 BN-2 | 81 mm | Israel | 16 | 16 | Since 2012 | Spanish Army (10) | System by Soltam.[44]
Being replaced by the URO VAMTAC - Dual EIMOS in the Spanish Army.[3] | |
Dual EIMOS | URO VAMTAC ST5 | 81 mm | Spain | ― | 80 | 2 | Since 2022 | Spanish Army | System by Expal[4] |
ESLAIT A3MS "SCORPION" | URO VAMTAC ST5 | 81 mm | Austria | ― | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Omani Sultan's Special Force | ESL Advanced Information Technology (ESLAIT), further evolution of the Cardom 10[45] |
VingPos | CV90 Mk.I RWS Multi BK | 81 mm | Norway | ― | 24 | 16 | Since 2016 | Norwegian Army | System made by Rheinmetall Norway AS, fitted with L16A2 mortar tube[46][47][48] |
Mortar carrier 120 mm
Mortar system | Platform | Calibre [mm] |
Origin mortar system | Image | Quantity | Service life | Users (deliveries by client) | Note | |
Order | Delivery | ||||||||
120 Mobile mortar system | Didgori Meomari | 120 mm | Georgia | Unknown | Unknown | 2021 | Exported to unknown user in the Middle East[7] | Mortar made by Delta SEC[49] | |
2R2M mortar | Freccia VBM Porta Mortaio | 120 mm | France | 35 | 21 | 2015 | Italian Army | System made by Thales (formerly TDA)[8] | |
2R2M mortar "Griffon MEPAC" |
VBMR Griffon | 120 mm | France | 54 | 0 | From 2024 | French Army | System made by Thales (formerly TDA)[9][50] | |
2R2M mortar | VAB Mk.3 (6x6) | 120 mm | France | ― | 6 | 6 | 2009 | Royal Army of Oman | System designed and made by Thales (formerly TDA)[51][52] |
2R2M mortar | ACV-300 | 120 mm | France | 8 | 8 | 2010 | Malaysian Army | System designed and made by Thales (formerly TDA)[51][53] | |
2R2M mortar | DefTech AV8 | 120 mm | France | ― | 8 | 8 | 2019 | Malaysian Army | System designed and made by Thales (formerly TDA)[51][53] |
2R2M mortar | M113 | 120 mm | France | ― | 25 | 25 | 2010 | Saudi Arabian National Guard | System designed and made by Thales (formerly TDA)[51] |
AHS-120 | BMC VuranEjder Yalçın | 120 mm | Turkey | > 26 | > 26 | Since 2021 | Turkish Army (unknown) |
System made by Aselsan, initially named Alkar, renamed AHS-120. | |
Alakranmortar system / | Toyota Land Cruiser J79 | 120 mm | Spain | ― | 6 | 6 | Since 2023 | Ukrainian Army | Ordered in 2023 for the Ukrainian Army[54] |
Alakranmortar system / | URO VAMTAC S3 | 120 mm | Spain | ― | 1 | 1 | Only trial | Spanish Army | Tested by the Spanish Army in 2018[55] |
Alakranmortar system /
A2M |
Sherpa Light | 120 mm | Spain France |
― | ― | ― | In development | ― | Developed by Thales (mortar), Arquus (vehicle) and NTGS (Alakran)[56] |
Alakran
MMK BARS-8 |
Bars-8
(Dodge RAM chassis) |
120 mm | Spain Ukraine | > 12 | > 12 | Since 2019 | Ukrainian Army | [57][58] | |
AMOS (2 barrels) |
Patria AMV | 120 mm × 2 |
Finland/
Sweden |
18 | 18 | 2013 | Finnish Army | System designed and made by Patria and BAE Hägglunds[12][59] | |
AMS II "Advanced Mobile Mortar" |
LAV III | 120 mm | United Kingdom United States | 73 | 73 | Since 2002 | Saudi Arabian National Guard | Weapon system developed by Delco Systems and Royal Ordonance[60] | |
Cobra – RUAG | Piranha IV | 120 mm | Switzerland | 48 | 0 | From 2024 | Template:Country data CH Swiss Army | "12 cm Mörser 16"[16] | |
Cobra – RUAG | PARS III 8x8 | 120 mm | Switzerland | 6 | 6 | Since 2019 | Royal Army of Oman | [61] | |
Crossbow 120 | Boxer | 120 mm | Israel | ― | ― | ― | In development | ― | Turret for a mortar carrier ready for trial as of 2023, designed by Elbit for Israeli Army, and export as well. Tested on Boxer.[17] |
EMOC | VAC ASCOD 2 | 120 mm (or 81 mm) | Spain | ― | ― | ― | Prototype | ― | Lightest 120mm mortar carrier[62] |
ESLAIT A3MS | Piranha V | 120 mm | Austria Israel | File:120 mm Cardom 10 recoil mortar system fired from Piranha V.webm | 15 | 15 | Since 2019 | Danish Army | Piranha V AAAMS "Advanced Automated Autonomous Mortar System", further evolution of the Cardom 10 by Austrian company ESLAIT[63] |
GMM-120 | Modified | 120 mm | Georgia | ― | ― | Prototype | ― | Made by STC Delta[20] | |
GMOS "Guardian MOrtar System" |
VAC ASCOD 2 | 120 mm | Spain | ― | ― | ― | Prototype | ― | Escribano developed a turret to answer the coming needs of the Spanish Army, expected to be used with the Piranha V and / or the VAC (ASCOD 2 based APC)[21] |
KSM120 Skyfall | K200A1 | 120 mm | South Korea | — | Unknown | Unknown | Since January 2022 | Template:Country data SKO South Korean Army | Ordered in 2020 and then in 2022, intended to replace the 1840 KM30 in service (K-242A1 with 107 mm M30 mortar)[64]Announced to be in mass production. |
M1064 mortar carrier | M113 | 120 mm | Israel United States | 1124 | 1124 | Since 1990 | US Army (1076) | ||
M120G Rak | Borsuk | 120 mm | Poland | ― | ― | In development | ― | Replacement of the Soviet mortars by this new system, mortar carriers split among the tracked Borsuk and the wheeled KTO Rosomak. | |
M120K Rak | KTO Rosomak | 120 mm | Poland | 146 | 93 | 2017 | Polish Land Forces
(93 / 122) (0 / 24)[65] |
Developed by Poland for its army, and purchased later on among a large KTO Rosomak for Ukraine[66] | |
M1287 | AMPV | 120 mm | USA | 386
(planned) |
― | In trials | Hungarian Army | Among the 2,907 vehicles in 5 variants, the US Army expects 386 mortar carriers for quick-reaction fire support[67][68] | |
Mjölner
(2 barrels) |
CV90 Grkpbv 90 | 120 mm × 2 |
Sweden | 80 | 40 | 2019 | Swedish Army | System designed and made by BAE Hägglunds[69]
Barrels produced by Slovakian company KONSTRUKTA-Defence[70] | |
PLL-05 | ZSL92 | 120 mm | China | > 500 | 2008 | Chinese Army | [71] | ||
Ragnarok MWS120 | Prototypes:
|
120 mm | Norway | ― | ― | In trial phase | ― | Rheinmetall Norway AS developed this system.[72]
The Gidran was offered to Hungary, lost the competition, and a Boxer module is offered to the UK. | |
SLING | Land Rover Defender;
Humvee |
120 mm | Israel | ― | ― | Prototype / Testing phase | ― | Tested by Green berets, based on M120A1 tube and base plate.[73] | |
Smereka | Varta | 120 mm | Ukraine | ― | ― | Prototype | ― | Moroccan Army potentially interested[74] | |
SPEAR | JLTV, | 120 mm | Israel | ― | > 28 | > 28 | 2015 | Azerbaijani Army (–) | Thai ATMM and Zambian Spear Mk.2 on Tata LPTA 713 TC 4×4 trucks[75][76] |
SRAMS "Super Rapid Advanced Mortar System" |
RG-31 Mk.5 | 120 mm | Singapore | ― | 48 | 48 | ― | United Arab Emirates Army | System designed and made by ST Engineering.
(known as Agrab 120 in UAE Army)[77] |
SRAMS Mk.II "Super Rapid Advanced Mortar System" |
Belrex PCSV | 120 mm | Singapore | ― | ― | ― | 2021 | Singapore Army | System designed and made by ST Engineering.[33][78] |
SRAMS Mk.II "Super Rapid Advanced Mortar System" |
Prototypes | 120 mm | Singapore | ― | ― | ― | Prototype | Singapore Army | System designed and made by ST Engineering prototype[79] |
World War II Era Mortar Carriers
Vehicle | Mortar system | Caliber [mm] |
Origin | Image | Service life | Quantity | Users | Note | |
Start | End | ||||||||
M4 MMC "M4 Mortar Motor Carriage" |
M2 Halftrack | 81 mm | United States | 1941 | 1945 | 572 | US Army | System developed by the Ordnance Department, made by White Motor Companyfitted with the M1 Mortar [37][80][81] | |
M4A1 MMC "M4A1 Mortar Motor Carriage" |
M2 Halftrack | 81 mm | United States | 1943 | 1945 | 600 | US Army | System developed by the Ordnance Department, made by White Motor Companyfitted with the M1 Mortar. | |
M21 MMC "M21 Mortar Motor Carriage" |
M3 Half-track | 81 mm | United States | 1944 | 1968 | 110 | US Army (1944-1945, 110 made and used) Free French forces (1945, 57 leased) Austrian Army (1955-1968, 23 leased) |
System developed by the Ordnance Department, made by White Motor Companyfitted with the M1 Mortar [37][84] | |
Reihenwerfer | SOMUA MCG | 81 mm
× 16 |
France Nazi Germany | 1944 | 1945 | Unknown | Wehrmacht | System developed and made by Alfred Becker, fitted with 16 mortars Brandt Mle 27/31.[40][41] | |
Karl-Gerät | Neubau-fahrzeug | 540 mm
or 600 mm |
Nazi Germany | 1943 | 1945 | 7 | Wehrmacht | System developed and made by Rheinmetall-Borsig AG.[42] |
References
Citations
- ↑ support@webtempleasia.com, Web Temple Development Team. "Aselsan Unveils Alkar 81mm Mortar System" (in en). https://www.dsaexhibition.com/aselsan-unveils-alkar-81mm-mortar-system.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Indian modern Tanks and AFVs 1990-2020". https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/modern/India/Indian_tanks.php.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 admin (2011-11-01). "Spanish Army to receive Elbit Mortars" (in en-US). https://www.army-technology.com/news/newsspanish-army-to-receive-elbit-mortars/.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Demonstration of the new Dual-EIMOS from EXPAL before various representatives of the Ministry of Defense" (in en). https://www.expalsystems.com:443/en/news-and-media-resources/news/dual-eimosdemonstration.
- ↑ "CV90 MultiC delivered to Norway". https://www.baesystems.com/en/article/cv90-multic-delivered-to-norway.
- ↑ "VingPos Mortar Weapon System highlighted by Rheinmetall at AAD 2014 | AAD 2014 Show Daily News Coverage Report | Defence and security military army exhibition 2014". https://www.armyrecognition.com/aad_2014_show_daily_news_coverage_report/vingpos_mortar_weapon_system_highlighted_by_rheinmetall_at_aad_2014.html.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Defaiya, Al (2020-03-04). "Al Defaiya | Georgia to Export New Armoured Vehicle to Middle Eastern Country" (in en). https://www.defaiya.com/news/Regional%20News/MENA/2020/03/05/georgia-to-export-new-armoured-vehicle-to-middle-eastern-country.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "IVECO / CIO Freccia". https://www.militaryfactory.com/armor/detail.php?armor_id=1113.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "La Direction générale de l'armement qualifie la version sanitaire du Griffon". https://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/actualites/direction-generale-larmement-qualifie-version-sanitaire-du-griffon.
- ↑ "Partners Arquus, Thales and NTGS present the new Sherpa A2M at Eurosatory 2022" (in en). 2022-06-14. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/defence/press_release/partners-arquus-thales-and-ntgs-present-new-sherpa-a2m-eurosatory.
- ↑ Khan, Bilal (2017-12-06). "Aselsan successfully tests AHS-120 mortar launch system" (in en-US). https://quwa.org/2017/12/06/aselsan-successfully-tests-ahs-120-mortar-launch-system/.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Hower 2008, p. 148.
- ↑ "LAV AMS" (in en). https://weaponsystems.net/system/260-LAV+AMS.
- ↑ admin (2005-01-28). "Modern Mobile Mortars Trends - Defense Update" (in en-US). https://defense-update.com/20050128_mortars-2.html,%20https://defense-update.com/20050128_mortars-2.html.
- ↑ "You are being redirected...". https://elbitsystems.com/product/cardom/.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Swiss 120mm Mortar Piranha Production Starts" (in en-GB). 2021-03-06. https://www.joint-forces.com/features/41210-swiss-120mm-mortar-piranha-production-starts.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Elbit prepares Crossbow 120 mm mortar for firing trials and export sales | Shephard" (in en). https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/elbit-prepares-crossbow-120-mm-mortar-for-firing-trials-and-export-sales/.
- ↑ "IDEX 2023: Escribano from Spain unveils EMOC world's lightest 120mm Mortar Carrier System | UAE Defense News | Defense Security global news industry army year 2023 | Archive News year". https://www.armyrecognition.com/uae_defense_news/idex_2023_escribano_from_spain_unveils_emoc_world_s_lightest_120mm_mortar_carrier_system.html.
- ↑ Team, ESD Editorial (2019-09-19). "New Mortars for the Danish Army" (in en-US). https://euro-sd.com/2019/09/articles/14478/new-mortars-for-the-danish-army/.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 "120 mm mortar GMM-120 | STC Delta" (in en-US). 2015-06-03. https://delta.gov.ge/en/product/gmm-120/.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Valpolini, Paolo (2023-06-16). "Escribano unveils its new GMOS mortar turret" (in en-GB). https://www.edrmagazine.eu/escribano-unveils-its-new-gmos-mortar-turret.
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/AOMilitarylover+(2023-01-04).+"KSM120 Skyfall: New South Korean 120mm Self-Propelled Mortar" (in en-US). https://military-wiki.com/ksm120-skyfall-new-south-korean-120mm-self-propelled-mortar/.
- ↑ Russell 2011.
- ↑ "Rheinmetall liefert modernes Mörsersystem an die Bundeswehr - Auftragswert über 54 Mio. Euro" (in de-DE). 2009-06-25. https://www.pressebox.de/pressemitteilung/rheinmetall-ag/Rheinmetall-liefert-modernes-Moersersystem-an-die-Bundeswehr-Auftragswert-ueber-54-Mio-Euro/boxid/272456.
- ↑ nonothai (2019-03-22). "BAE Systems Armoured Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV)" (in en). https://thaimilitaryandasianregion.wordpress.com/2019/03/22/bae-systems-armoured-multi-purpose-vehicle-ampv/.
- ↑ "Mjölner". https://www.baesystems.com/en/product/mjolner.
- ↑ Rogoway 2014.
- ↑ "PLL05 120-mm Self-Propelled Mortar System | MilitaryToday.com". https://www.militarytoday.com/artillery/pll_05.htm.
- ↑ "Rheinmetall Norway AS" (in lt-LT). https://livefiringshow.com/project/rheinmetall/.
- ↑ "You are being redirected...". https://elbitsystems.com/product/sling/.
- ↑ "Morocco to Buy Mine-Resistant Military Vehicles from Ukraine" (in en-US). 2022-02-11. https://newscentral.africa/morocco-to-buy-mine-resistant-military-vehicles-from-ukraine/.
- ↑ "You are being redirected...". https://elbitsystems.com/product/spear/.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 Martin, Guy (2021-07-05). "Singapore commissions new Belrex variants" (in en-ZA). https://www.defenceweb.co.za/land/land-land/singapore-commissions-new-belrex-variants/.
- ↑ Doyle 2011, pp. 315–317.
- ↑ "M4 Half-track" (in en). http://olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_m4_halftrack.php.
- ↑ "Histoire des M4 sur le site usarmymodels.com" (in en). http://www.usarmymodels.com/MANUFACTURERS/DML/dml6361.html.
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 Zaloga 1994, p. 43.
- ↑ "M4 Half-track" (in en). http://olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_m4_halftrack.php.
- ↑ "Histoire des M4 sur le site usarmymodels.com" (in en). http://www.usarmymodels.com/MANUFACTURERS/DML/dml6361.html.
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 The description for both photos mistakenly identify the Reihenwerfer as a 8 cm Raketen-Vielfachwerfer.
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 Chamberlain, Peter (1975). Mortars and rockets. Gander, Terry. New York: Arco Pub. Co. pp. 5-10. ISBN 0668038179. OCLC 2067459. https://archive.org/details/mortarsrockets0000cham/page/5.
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 Jentz, Thomas (2001). Bertha's Big Brother: Karl-Geraet (60 cm & 54 cm). Panzer Tracts. ISBN 0-9708407-2-1.
- ↑ "Aselsan rolls out Alkar 81 mm mortar" (in en). https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/aselsan-rolls-out-alkar-81-mm-mortar.
- ↑ "EIMOS CARDOM 81mm gallery | Weapons Parade | EIMOS CARDOM." (in es). 2018-05-11. https://weaponsparade.com/eimos-cardom-81mmgallery/.
- ↑ "Omani SSF operating self-propelled mortar" (in en). https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/omani-ssf-operating-self-propelled-mortar.
- ↑ "VingPos Mortar Weapon System highlighted by Rheinmetall at AAD 2014 | AAD 2014 Show Daily News Coverage Report | Defence and security military army exhibition 2014". https://www.armyrecognition.com/aad_2014_show_daily_news_coverage_report/vingpos_mortar_weapon_system_highlighted_by_rheinmetall_at_aad_2014.html.
- ↑ "Norwegian Army adding 20 CV90s to its fleet". https://www.baesystems.com/en/article/norwegian-army-adding-20-cv90s-to-its-fleet.
- ↑ admin (2012-06-21). "Norwegian Army orders CV90 vehicles from BAE" (in en-US). https://www.army-technology.com/news/newsnorwegian-army-orders-cv90-vehicles-bae/.
- ↑ "Georgian armored 120mm mortar carrier Didgori Meomari for Middle East | March 2020 News Defense Global Security army industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2020 | Archive News year". https://www.armyrecognition.com/march_2020_news_defense_global_security_army_industry/new_georgian_armored_120mm_mortar_carrier_didgori_meomari_for_middle_east.html.
- ↑ "Le ministère des Armées s'offre 54 mortiers mobiles 2R2M de Thales" (in fr). 2019-07-10. https://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/le-ministere-des-armees-s-offre-54-mortiers-mobiles-2r2m-de-thales-823179.html.
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 "Trade Registers". https://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php.
- ↑ "Oman orders 2R2M mobile mortar systems from France | Aviation Week Network". https://aviationweek.com/oman-orders-2r2m-mobile-mortar-systems-france.
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 Aryo (2019-07-20). "Gempita Malaysia 8×8 Mortar Carrier, Selayaknya Pindad Anoa Mengikuti" (in id-ID). https://arcinc.id/2019/07/20/gempita-malaysia-8x8-mortar-carrier-selayaknya-pindad-anoa-mengikuti/.
- ↑ "Ukraine bought Toyota Land Cruiser SUVs with 120 mm mortars" (in en-US). 2023-02-23. https://bulgarianmilitary.com/2023/02/23/ukraine-bought-toyota-land-cruiser-suvs-with-120-mm-mortars/.
- ↑ "Testing the new Alakran - Spanish army". https://ejercito.defensa.gob.es/en/reportajes/2019/91_vehiculo_artilleria_alakran.html.
- ↑ "Partners Arquus, Thales and NTGS present the new Sherpa A2M at Eurosatory 2022" (in en). 2022-06-14. https://www.thalesgroup.com/en/worldwide/defence/press_release/partners-arquus-thales-and-ntgs-present-new-sherpa-a2m-eurosatory.
- ↑ admin (2021-12-09). "BARS 8MMK Mobile Mortar Units Enter Service with Ukrainian Air Assault Troops" (in en-US). https://militaryleak.com/2021/12/09/bars-8mmk-mobile-mortar-units-enter-service-with-ukrainian-air-assault-troops/.
- ↑ "Ukraine uses 120mm Alakran MMS mortars deploying in seconds" (in en-US). 2022-02-26. https://bulgarianmilitary.com/2022/02/26/ukraine-uses-120mm-alakran-mms-mortars-deploying-in-seconds/.
- ↑ staff, Defense Industry Daily. "Both Barrels: Finnish Order Launches Patrias AMOS Mortar Turret". http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/Both-Barrels-Finnish-Order-Launches-Patrias-AMOS-Mortar-Turret-06692/.
- ↑ "LAV AMS" (in en). https://weaponsystems.net/system/260-LAV+AMS.
- ↑ "Trade Registers". https://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php.
- ↑ "IDEX 2023: Escribano from Spain unveils EMOC world's lightest 120mm Mortar Carrier System | UAE Defense News | Defense Security global news industry army year 2023 | Archive News year". https://www.armyrecognition.com/uae_defense_news/idex_2023_escribano_from_spain_unveils_emoc_world_s_lightest_120mm_mortar_carrier_system.html.
- ↑ admin (2019-06-10). "Royal Danish Army Piranha 5 Advanced Automated Autonomous Mortar System" (in en-US). https://militaryleak.com/2019/06/10/royal-danish-army-piranha-5-advanced-automated-autonomous-mortar-system/.
- ↑ https://www.facebook.com/AOMilitarylover+(2023-01-04).+"KSM120 Skyfall: New South Korean 120mm Self-Propelled Mortar" (in en-US). https://military-wiki.com/ksm120-skyfall-new-south-korean-120mm-self-propelled-mortar/.
- ↑ https://mezha.media/en/2023/04/06/ukraine-will-receive-24-polish-m120k-rak-self-propelled-mortars/
- ↑ "Poland receives more Rak mortar carriers | Shephard" (in en). https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/landwarfareintl/poland-receives-more-rak-mortar-carriers/.
- ↑ "Army Issues RFP For $6 Billion M113 Replacement: Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle Program". 2013-03-24. http://defense.aol.com/2013/03/22/army-issues-rfp-for-6-billion-m113-replacement-armored-multi-p/.
- ↑ https://sgp.fas.org/crs/weapons/IF11741.pdf
- ↑ ESD (2023-01-30). "Swedish Army Orders 20 Additional Mjölner Mortar Systems" (in en-US). https://euro-sd.com/2023/01/news/29345/swedish-army-orders-20-additional-mjolner-mortar-systems/.
- ↑ "BAE – KONŠTRUKTA – Defence" (in en-US). https://kotadef.sk/projekty/bae/?lang=en.
- ↑ "PLL05 120-mm Self-Propelled Mortar System | MilitaryToday.com". https://www.militarytoday.com/artillery/pll_05.htm.
- ↑ ES&T editorial team (2022-09-26). "Mortar Boxer: RBSL conducts gunnery campaign with Ragnarok mission module" (in en). https://esut.de/en/2022/09/meldungen/36827/moerser-boxer-rbsl-fuehrt-schiesskampagne-mit-ragnarok-missionsmodul/.
- ↑ "Special Forces test an Israeli mortar system that will make them more lethal and survivable" (in en-US). https://www.sandboxx.us/news/special-forces-test-an-israeli-mortar-system-that-will-make-them-more-lethal-and-survivable/.
- ↑ "Morocco to Buy Mine-Resistant Military Vehicles from Ukraine" (in en-US). 2022-02-11. https://newscentral.africa/morocco-to-buy-mine-resistant-military-vehicles-from-ukraine/.
- ↑ "Defense & Security 2022: Royal Thai Army expands artillery production" (in en). https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/defense-security-2022-royal-thai-army-expands-artillery-production.
- ↑ https://defencehub.live/threads/zambian-military-parades-new-equipment.8180/
- ↑ Oliver, David (2018-06-14). "ST Engineering and Hirtenberger's new Mortar System" (in en-GB). https://www.edrmagazine.eu/st-engineering-and-hirtenbergers-new-mortar-system.
- ↑ "Singapore Army showcases new self-propelled 120 mm mortar system" (in en). https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/singapore-army-showcases-new-self-propelled-120-mm-mortar-system.
- ↑ https://www.stengg.com/media/30mlkf5n/stels_120mm-srams-mk2.pdf#_blank
- ↑ "M4 Half-track" (in en). http://olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_m4_halftrack.php.
- ↑ "Histoire des M4 sur le site usarmymodels.com" (in en). http://www.usarmymodels.com/MANUFACTURERS/DML/dml6361.html.
- ↑ "M4 Half-track" (in en). http://olive-drab.com/idphoto/id_photos_m4_halftrack.php.
- ↑ "Histoire des M4 sur le site usarmymodels.com" (in en). http://www.usarmymodels.com/MANUFACTURERS/DML/dml6361.html.
- ↑ Moran, Nicholas (July 16, 2022). Austrian Armour at the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum, Part 1. The Chieftain. Retrieved October 3, 2022 – via YouTube.
Bibliography
- Doyle, David (2011). Standard Catalog of U.S. Military Vehicles (Second ed.). Iola, WI: Krause Publications. ISBN 978-1-4402-2572-7.
- Hower, Sara B. (2008). Do Small States Make Bad Allies?. ISBN 978-0-549-58333-2.
- Russell, Phillip (2011). This We'll Defend: The Weapons and Equipment of the U.S. Army. Shilka Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4581-0420-5.
- Zaloga, Steven J. (1994). M3 Infantry Half-Track 1940–1973. New Vanguard. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-85532-467-9.
News sources
- Rogoway, Tyler (2014). "The Patria NEMO 'Mortar Boat' Is Small And Fast With A Huge Ass Gun". Retrieved 28 May 2015.
Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of mortar carriers.
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