Engineering:Machine element
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Machine element or hardware refers to an elementary component of a machine. These elements consist of three basic types:
- structural components such as frame members, bearings, axles, splines, fasteners, seals, and lubricants,
- mechanisms that control movement in various ways such as gear trains, belt or chain drives, linkages, cam and follower systems, including brakes and clutches, and
- control components such as buttons, switches, indicators, sensors, actuators and computer controllers.[1]
While generally not considered to be a machine element, the shape, texture and color of covers are an important part of a machine that provide a styling and operational interface between the mechanical components of a machine and its users.
Machine elements are basic mechanical parts and features used as the building blocks of most machines.[2] Most are standardized to common sizes, but customs are also common for specialized applications.[3]
Machine elements may be features of a part (such as screw threads or integral plain bearings) or they may be discrete parts in and of themselves such as wheels, axles, pulleys, rolling-element bearings, or gears. All of the simple machines may be described as machine elements, and many machine elements incorporate concepts of one or more simple machines. For example, a leadscrew incorporates a screw thread, which is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Many mechanical design, invention, and engineering tasks involve a knowledge of various machine elements and an intelligent and creative combining of these elements into a component or assembly that fills a need (serves an application).
Structural elements
- Beams,
- Struts,
- Bearings,
- Fasteners
- Keys,
- Splines,
- Cotter pin,
- Seals
- Machine guardings
Mechanical elements
- Engine,
- Electric motor,
- Actuator,
- Shafts,
- Couplings
- Belt,
- Chain,
- Cable drives,
- Gear train,
- Clutch,
- Brake,
- Flywheel,
- Cam,
- follower systems,
- Linkage,
- Simple machine
Types
- Shafts[4]
- Coupling[4]
- Bearing[3]
- Roller bearing
- Plain bearing
- Thrust bearing
- Ball bearing
- Linear bearing
- Pillow block
- Gears[4]
- Spur gear
- Helical gear
- Worm gear
- Herringbone gear
- Fastener[5]
- Belt[3]
- Clutch[6]
- Brake[6]
- Chain[3]
- Wire rope[3]
- Power screw
See also
- Tool
- Electrical element
- Electronic component
- Mini survival kit
- Survival kit
- Repair kit
- List of sensors
- List of martial arts weapons
- Lists of weapons
References
- ↑ Robert L. Norton, Machine Design, (4th Edition), Prentice-Hall, 2010
- ↑ Matthews, Clifford; American Society of Mechanical Engineers (2005), ASME engineer's data book (2nd ed.), ASME Press, p. 249, ISBN 978-0-7918-0229-8, https://books.google.com/books?id=dPS2KU0gj-8C&pg=PA249.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Bhandari, V. B. (2007), Design of machine elements (2nd ed.), Tata McGraw-Hill, p. 10, ISBN 978-0-07-061141-2, https://books.google.com/books?id=d-eNe-VRc1oC&pg=PA10.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Klebanov, Boris M.; Barlam, David; Nystrom, Frederic E. (2008), Machine elements: life and design, CRC Press, ISBN 978-0-8493-9563-5, https://books.google.com/books?id=B0GXuJswHfMC&pg=PP1.
- ↑ Niemann, Gustav; Hirt, Manfred: Maschinenelemente Springer, Berlin 1975, 1983. ISBN:0-387-06809-0.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sharma, C. S.; Purohit, Kamlesh (2004), Design of machine elements, PHI Learning, p. vii–ix, ISBN 978-81-203-1955-4, https://books.google.com/books?id=ZlnYpOtRhNEC&pg=PR7.
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