Engineering:Pitcairn Mailwing
| Mailwing | |
|---|---|
| |
| PA-8 Mailwing in flight | |
| Role | Mail carrier and sport |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Pitcairn Aircraft Company |
| Designer | Agnew E. Larsen |
| First flight | 1927 |
| Introduction | 1927 |
| Primary user | United States Post Office Department |
| Number built | 106 |
| Developed from | Pitcairn PA-4 Fleetwing II |
The Pitcairn Mailwing family was a series of American mail carrier and three-seat sport utility biplane aircraft produced from 1927 to 1931.
Design and development
The Pitcairn Mailwings were developed to carry air mail for the United States Post Office Department. Of simple and robust construction, they had relatively benign flying characteristics.[1]
They were constructed using chrome-moly steel tube and square-section spruce spars with spruce and plywood built-up ribs. The fuselage was faired using wooden formers and covered with fabric. The tail sections were built up from steel tube and fabric-covered. The Pitcairn Mailwing had a ground-adjustable fin and in-flight adjustable tailplane.[1]
The undercarriage was of outrigger type with Oleo-Spring shock absorbers and disc brakes on the mainwheels. All versions looked very similar and changes were minor, with several fuselage extensions being the most obvious.[1]
The mail was carried in a fireproof metal-lined compartment forward of the pilot's cockpit. The Mailwings were flown extensively by the U.S. Air Mail service from 1927 until the end of dedicated Air-Mail routes.[1]
Pitcairn also built the same aircraft in sport versions for private use. These aircraft had the mail compartment removed, and a side-by-side two-seat cockpit was fitted.[1]
Variants
Data from: Aerofiles : Pitcairn[2]
- PA-5 - original production version of 1927 with Wright J-5-9 engine; ATC 18 (32 built)
- PA-5 Mailwing - mail carrier version
- PA-5 Sport Mailwing - sport version with seats for two passengers
- PA-6 - 1928 production version with Wright J-5-9 engine; ATC 2-22 (early), 92 (late) (53 built)
- PA-6 Super Mailwing - mail carrier version
- PA-6B Super Mailwing - (1 converted from PA-6)
- PA-6 Sport Mailwing - sport version with seats for two passengers
- PA-6 Super Mailwing - mail carrier version
- PA-7 - 1929 production version with Wright J-6 engine; ATC 196
- PA-7A Sport Mailwing
- PA-7M Super Mailwing - mail carrier version (12 built)
- PA-7S Super Sport Mailwing (15 built)
- PA-8 - 1930 production version with Wright J-6 engine; ATC 364
- PA-8M Super Mailwing - mail carrier version (6 built)
Operators
- Royal Canadian Air Force one PA-5 Mailwing for experimental use by Station Flight, CFB Borden[3]
United States
- United States Post Office Department
- Howard Hughes owned a PA-5 Mailwing with a chrome plated engine.
- Felix du Pont owned a PA-5 with gold plated rocker covers.[4]
- Steve McQueen owned a PA-8
Survivors and aircraft on display
- PA-5 c/n 1 NC2895 on display at the Air and Space Museum, Washington, DC
- PA-5 c/n 9 NC3835 currently on display at the Shannon Air Museum, Fredericksburg, VA
- PA-6 c/n 48 NC548K currently on display at the Eagles Mere Air Museum, Laporte, PA
- PA-7S c/n 147 NC95W on display at the EAA Aviation Museum, Oshkosh, WI
- PA-7S c/n 151 NC13158
- PA-6 c/n 159 NC15307 on display at the Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome, Poughkeepsie, NY
- PA-8 c/n 164 NC10753
- PA-8 c/n 162 NC10751 on display at the Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum, Horsham, PA
Specifications (PA-7M Super Mailwing)
Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1931,[5] Aerofiles: Pitcairn[2]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Capacity: mail compartment 40 cu ft (1.1 m3) / 550 lb (250 kg) payload
- Length: 23 ft 9 in (7.24 m)
- Upper wingspan: 33 ft (10 m)
- Lower wingspan: 30 ft (9.1 m)
- Height: 9 ft 6.5 in (2.908 m)
- Wing area: 243.5 sq ft (22.62 m2)
- Airfoil: Pitcairn No.1
- Empty weight: 1,820 lb (826 kg)
- Gross weight: 3,050 lb (1,383 kg)
- Fuel capacity: 60 US gal (50 imp gal; 230 l)
- Powerplant: 1 × Wright J-6 Whirlwind 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 220 hp (160 kW)
- Propellers: 2-bladed Standard steel propeller
Performance
- Maximum speed: 150 mph (240 km/h, 130 kn)
- Landing speed: 57 mph (50 kn; 92 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 112 mph (180 km/h, 97 kn) (PA-5)[2]
- Stall speed: 45 mph (72 km/h, 39 kn) (PA-5)[2]
- Range: 520 mi (840 km, 450 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 18,000 ft (5,500 m) (PA-5)[2]
- Rate of climb: 1,100 ft/min (5.6 m/s) (PA-5)[2]
- Wing loading: 12.1 lb/sq ft (59 kg/m2)
- Power/mass: 13.8 lb/hp (8.4 kg/kW)
See also
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
(Partial listing, only covers most numerous types)
- Alexander Eaglerock
- American Eagle A-101
- Brunner-Winkle Bird
- Buhl-Verville CA-3 Airster
- Command-Aire 3C3
- Parks P-1
- Spartan C3
- Stearman C2 and C3
- Swallow New Swallow
- Travel Air 2000 and 4000
- Waco 10
Related lists
References
Citations
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Juptner, Joseph P. (1963). U.S. Civil Aircraft Vol.2. Los Angeles: Aero Publishers. pp. 279–81.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Eckland, K.O.. "Pitcairn". http://aerofiles.com/_pitc.html. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
- ↑ "Pitcairn Mailwing". https://caspir.warplane.com/asrc/acn/200001030/. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
- ↑ "Pitcairn". http://www.nationalaviation.org/pitcairn-harold/. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
- ↑ Grey, C.G., ed (1931). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1931. London: Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd. p. 307c.
Bibliography
- "Pitcairn Mailwing". airminded.net. http://www.airminded.net/mwing/mwing.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- "U.S. Air Mail Service – 90th Anniversary". Antiqueairfield.com. http://www.antiqueairfield.com/features/us_airmail.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
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