Engineering:Type 054A frigate

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Short description: Class of Chinese guided-missile frigates
PLANS Huanggang (FFG-577) 20200720.jpg
Huanggang (577) in 2020
Class overview
Builders:
  • Hudong-Zhonghua Shipyard
  • Huangpu Shipyard
Operators:  People's Liberation Army Navy
Preceded by: Type 054 frigate
Succeeded by: Type 054B frigate
Subclasses: Tughril class (Pakistan)
Cost: US$348 million (est. 2015)
Built: 2005–present
In commission: 2008–present[1]
Planned: 50[2]
Active: 30[3]
General characteristics
Type: Frigate
Displacement: 3,963 tonnes (full)[4]
Length: 134 m (440 ft)[4]
Beam: 16 m (52 ft)[4]
Draught: 5 m (16 ft)
Propulsion: CODAD, 4 × SEMT Peilstick 16 PA 6V 280 STC diesels, 20.7 MW (28,200 hp) total, 2 shafts[4]
Speed: 27 knots[4]
Range: 3,800 nautical miles (4,400 mi; 7,000 km) estimated at 18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph)[4]
Sensors and
processing systems:
  • Type 382 Radar
  • Type 344 Radar (Mineral-ME Band Stand) target acquisition and SSM fire control radar
  • 4 × MR-90 Front Dome SAM fire control radars
  • MR-36A surface search radar, I-band
  • Type 347G 76 mm gun fire control radar
  • 2 × Racal RM-1290 navigation radars, I-band
  • MGK-335 medium frequency active/passive sonar system
  • H/SJG-206 towed array sonar
  • ZKJ-4B/6 (developed from Thomson-CSF TAVITAC) combat data system
  • HN-900 Data link (Chinese equivalent of Link 11A/B, to be upgraded)
  • SNTI-240 SATCOM
  • AKD5000S Ku band SATCOM
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
Armament:
  • 1 × 32-cell H/AKJ-16 VLS[5]
  • 2 × 4 YJ-83 anti-ship missiles
  • 1 × PJ26 76 mm dual purpose gun
  • 2 × Type 730 7-barrel 30 mm CIWS guns or Type 1130
  • 2 × 3 324mm Yu-7 ASW torpedo launchers
  • 2 × 6 Type 87 240mm anti-submarine rocket launcher (36 rockets carried)
  • 2 × Type 726-4 18-tube decoy rocket launchers
Aircraft carried: 1 Kamov Ka-28 'Helix' or Harbin Z-9C
Aviation facilities: hangar

The Type 054A (NATO/OSD Jiangkai II) is a class of guided-missile frigate from the People's Republic of China. It is a development of the Type 054 frigate;[6] compared to its predecessor, the Type 054A has medium-range air defense capability in the form of Type 382 radar and vertically launched (VLS) HHQ-16 surface-to-air missiles.[7]

The first ship (Xuzhou) of the new Type 054A was laid down in 2005 and entered service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) in January 2008;[4] the class was a key component of the PLAN's surface fleet by the late 2010s.[8][9][10] Production was ongoing in 2023, with the next batch of 10 ships commissioned in 2022 and 2023, and a final batch of 10 ships under development.[11][12]

Design

The Type 054 was heavily influenced by the La Fayette-class frigate from France , and so reflected the strategic and operational requirements of that country. The development of the Type 054A may have been driven by China's need to address high-intensity armed conflict.[13]

The Type 054A uses the same stealthy hull form as the Type 054.[6] The forward launcher for HQ-7 short-range SAM[14] is replaced with a 32-cell vertical launching system[4] for medium-range HHQ-16 SAMs and Yu-8 antisubmarine rockets.[6] The smaller main gun and Type 730 close-in weapon system (CIWS) are also installed.[4]

The radar suite makes use of technology reverse engineered from Russian systems; the affected Chinese systems may include the H/LJQ-382 air search radar (from the Fregat MAE-3) and the H/LJQ-366 fire control radar (from the Mineral ME).[15][16][6] The HHQ-16 target illuminators may also be derived from the Russian MR-90.[17][16][6]

Ships starting with the 17th unit (Huanggang) were constructed with enhanced anti-submarine warfare capability - adding variable depth and towed array sonar - and the Type 1130 CIWS instead of the Type 730.[6][18] These ships have been unofficially referred to as Type 054A+, Type 054A2, or modified Jiangkai II.[6]

In 2015, Gabe Collins estimated that each ship cost US$348 million.[8]

Operational history

Type 054As have regularly deployed beyond China's regional waters.[9]

Ships have participated in anti-piracy naval patrols off of Somalia. The first was Huangshan, which deployed as part of China's second rotation in April 2019. From there, the ships have been detached to respond to regional crises. Frigates evacuated Chinese citizens from Libya in 2011 - making Xuzhou the first PLAN ship to enter the Mediterranean Sea - and Yemen in 2015. Another joined an international effort to secure Syria's chemical weapons in 2014.[9]

Frigates also participated in the first Chinese naval exercises with the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean in 2015 and the Baltic Sea in 2017.[9]

Exports

In January 2013, it was confirmed that China offered three Type 054As to the Royal Thai Navy for US$1 billion.[19] Ultimately, Thailand selected a derivative of the South Korea n Gwanggaeto the Great-class destroyer from Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering.[20]

Pakistan ordered four Type 054A variants from Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding in 2017-2018 as the Type 054A/P, or Tughril class. The first entered service on 8 November 2021, and all four were commissioned by mid 2022.[21]

Ships of class

Pennant number Name Namesake Builder Launched Commissioned Fleet Status
徐州 / Xuzhou[22] City of Xuzhou Huangpu Shipyard[12] 30 September 2006[12] 27 January 2008[23] East Sea Fleet[23] Active[23]
529[24] 舟山 / Zhoushan[24] City of Zhoushan Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 21 December 2006[12] 3 January 2008[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
570[22] 黄山 / Huangshan[22] City of Huangshan Huangpu Shipyard[12] 18 March 2007[12] 15 May 2008[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[25]
568[22] 衡阳 / Hengyang[22] City of Hengyang Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 23 May 2007[12] 30 June 2008[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
571[22][26] 运城 / Yuncheng[22][26] City of Yuncheng Huangpu Shipyard[12] 8 February 2009[12] December 2009[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[12][26]
569[22] 玉林 / Yulin[22] City of Yulin, Guangxi Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 28 April 2009[12] 1 February 2010[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[27]
548[22] 益阳 / Yiyang[22] City of Yiyang Huangpu Shipyard[12] 17 November 2009[12] 26 October 2010[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
549[22][28] 常州 / Changzhou[22][28] City of Changzhou Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 18 May 2010[12] 30 May 2011[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12][28]
538[22][29] 烟台 / Yantai[22][29] City of Yantai Huangpu Shipyard[12] August 2010[12] June 2011[12] North Sea Fleet[29] Active[29]
546[22][29] 盐城 / Yancheng[22][29] City of Yancheng Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 27 April 2011[12] 5 June 2012[12] North Sea Fleet[29] Active[30]
572[22] 衡水 / Hengshui[22] City of Hengshui Huangpu Shipyard[12] 2011[12] 9 July 2012[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[12][31]
573[22] 柳州 / Liuzhou[22] City of Liuzhou Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 10 December 2011[12] 26 December 2012[12] South Sea Fleet[32] Active[12]
547[22] 临沂 / Linyi[22] City of Linyi Huangpu Shipyard[12] December 2011[12] 22 December 2012[12] North Sea Fleet[12] Active[33]
575[22] 岳阳 / Yueyang[22] City of Yueyang Huangpu Shipyard[12] 19 May 2012[12] 3 May 2013[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
550[22] 潍坊 / Weifang[22] City of Weifang Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 9 July 2012[12] North Sea Fleet[32] Active[33]
574[22] 三亚 / Sanya City of Sanya Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 30 November 2012[12] 13 December 2013[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
577[34] 黄冈 / Huanggang[34] City of Huanggang Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 28 April 2013[12] 16 January 2015[34] East Sea Fleet[34] Active[34]
576[22][35] 大庆 / Daqing[35] City of Daqing Huangpu Shipyard[35] 8 October 2013[12] 16 January 2015[12] North Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
578[36] 扬州 / Yangzhou[36] City of Yangzhou Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 30 September 2013[12] 21 September 2015[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
579[36] 邯郸 / Handan[36] City of Handan Huangpu Shipyard[12] 26 July 2014[12] 16 August 2015[12] North Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
532[37] 荆州 / Jingzhou[37] City of Jingzhou Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 22 January 2015[12] 5 January 2016[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
531[38] 湘潭 / Xiangtan[38] City of Xiangtan Huangpu Shipyard[12] 19 March 2015[12] 24 February 2016[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
515[39] 滨州 / Binzhou[39] City of Binzhou Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 13 December 2015[12] 29 December 2016[39] East Sea Fleet[39] Active[39]
536[40] 许昌 / Xuchang[40] City of Xuchang Huangpu Shipyard[12] 30 May 2016[12] 23 June 2017[40] South Sea Fleet[40] Active[40]
539[41] 芜湖 / Wuhu[41] City of Wuhu Hudong-Zhonghua[41] 8 June 2016[41] 29 June 2017[41] North Sea Fleet[41] Active[41]
598[1] 日照 / Rizhao[1] City of Rizhao Huangpu Shipyard[1] 1 April 2017[1] 12 January 2018[1] North Sea Fleet[1] Active[1]
599 安阳 / Anyang City of Anyang Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 28 March 2017 12 April 2018[42] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
500[43] 咸宁 / Xianning[43] City of Xianning Huangpu Shipyard[12] 22 September 2017[12] 28 August 2018[12] South Sea Fleet[12] Active[4]
601[44] 南通 / Nantong[44] City of Nantong Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 16 December 2017 23 January 2019[12] East Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
542[45] 枣庄 / Zaozhuang[45] City of Zaozhuang Huangpu Shipyard[12] 30 June 2018[12] 22 February 2019[12] North Sea Fleet[12] Active[12]
522[12] 资阳 / Ziyang[12] City of Ziyang Huangpu Shipyard[12] 12 July 2021[12] May 2022[12] Active[12]
534[12] 鹤壁 / Hebi[12] City of Hebi Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 1 August 2021[12] December 2022[12] Active[12]
540[12] 西昌市 / Xichang[12] City of Xichang Huangpu Shipyard[12] November 2021[12] 2023[12] Active[12]
537[12] 宜兴 / Yixing[12] City of Yixing Hudong-Zhonghua[12] 23 December 2021[12] January 2023[12] Active[12]
551[12] 巴彦淖尔市 / Bayannao'er[12] City of Bayannao'er Huangpu Shipyard[12] 23 December 2021[12] December 2022[12] Active[12]

Gallery

  • Aft-deck of frigate Yiyang (548). In this image, US Navy sailors are boarding to meet prior to conducting a bilateral counter-piracy exercise. Visible on the flight deck is a Harbin Z-9 helicopter

  • H/PJ-26 76mm main gun onboard Hengshui (572)

  • The YJ-83 anti-ship missile launchers on the Wuhu (539)

  • The Type 87 Anti Submarine Rocket (ASROC) Launchers of the Wuhu (539)

  • Weapon control station of Chinese Navy Ship Hengshui (572)

  • HQ-16 VLS SAM launchers on Xuzhou (530)

  • The meeting room facility onboard Yulin (569)

See also

  • List of naval ship classes in service

References

Citations
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Dominguez, Gabriel (15 January 2018). "PLAN inducts Type 054A frigate into North Sea Fleet". http://www.janes.com/article/77048/plan-inducts-type-054a-frigate-into-north-sea-fleet. 
  2. ↑ "Hints of Chinese Naval Ambitions in the 2020s". 25 December 2020. https://thediplomat.com/2020/12/hints-of-chinese-naval-ambitions-in-the-2020s//. 
  3. ↑ Tate, Andrew (5 March 2019). "Type 052D destroyer and Type 054A frigate enter service with PLAN". https://www.janes.com/article/87014/type-052d-destroyer-and-type-054a-frigate-enter-service-with-plan. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Jane's Fighting Ships (2015): page 144
  5. ↑ Joe, Rick (25 December 2020). "Hints of Chinese Naval Procurement Plans in the 2020s". https://thediplomat.com/2020/12/hints-of-chinese-naval-ambitions-in-the-2020s/. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Wertheim, Eric (June 2020). "China's Multipurpose FFG". Proceedings (U.S. Naval Institute) 146 (6). 0041798X. 
  7. ↑ Schwartz (2015): page 28
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Collins, Gabe (18 June 2015). "How Much Do China's Warships Actually Cost?". http://thediplomat.com/2015/06/how-much-do-chinas-warships-actually-cost/. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Willett (2019): page 24
  10. ↑ Willett (2019): page 26
  11. ↑ Tate, Andrew (10 August 2021). "China launches 32nd Type 054A frigate for PLAN". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/china-launches-32nd-type-054a-frigate-for-plan. 
  12. ↑ 12.000 12.001 12.002 12.003 12.004 12.005 12.006 12.007 12.008 12.009 12.010 12.011 12.012 12.013 12.014 12.015 12.016 12.017 12.018 12.019 12.020 12.021 12.022 12.023 12.024 12.025 12.026 12.027 12.028 12.029 12.030 12.031 12.032 12.033 12.034 12.035 12.036 12.037 12.038 12.039 12.040 12.041 12.042 12.043 12.044 12.045 12.046 12.047 12.048 12.049 12.050 12.051 12.052 12.053 12.054 12.055 12.056 12.057 12.058 12.059 12.060 12.061 12.062 12.063 12.064 12.065 12.066 12.067 12.068 12.069 12.070 12.071 12.072 12.073 12.074 12.075 12.076 12.077 12.078 12.079 12.080 12.081 12.082 12.083 12.084 12.085 12.086 12.087 12.088 12.089 12.090 12.091 12.092 12.093 12.094 12.095 12.096 12.097 12.098 12.099 12.100 12.101 12.102 12.103 12.104 12.105 12.106 12.107 12.108 12.109 12.110 12.111 12.112 12.113 12.114 12.115 12.116 12.117 12.118 12.119 12.120 12.121 12.122 12.123 12.124 12.125 12.126 12.127 12.128 12.129 12.130 12.131 12.132 12.133 12.134 12.135 12.136 12.137 12.138 12.139 12.140 12.141 12.142 Jane's Fighting Ships, 2023-24 Edition, ISBN 978-0-7106-3428 3, page 146.
  13. ↑ Collins et al. (2014): page 2
  14. ↑ Jane's Fighting Ships (2015): page 142
  15. ↑ Kirchberger (2015): page 197
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Kirchberger (2015): page 208
  17. ↑ Kirchberger (2015): page 191
  18. ↑ Tate, Andrew (31 August 2014). "China adding towed sonars to Type 054A, Type 056 vessels". http://www.janes.com/article/42550/china-adding-towed-sonars-to-type-054a-type-056-vessels. 
  19. ↑ Grevatt, Jon (30 January 2013). "China offers Type 054 to meet Thai frigate requirement". http://www.janes.com/products/janes/defence-security-report.aspx?ID=1065975734&channel=defence&subChannel=business. 
  20. ↑ Rahmat, Ridzwan (23 January 2017). "DSME launches Thailand's first multipurpose frigate". http://www.janes.com/article/67140/dsme-launches-thailand-s-first-multipurpose-frigate. 
  21. ↑ Dominguez, Gabriel (9 November 2021). "Pakistan Navy commissions its first of four Type 054A/P frigates". https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/pakistan-navy-commissions-its-first-of-four-type-054ap-frigates. 
  22. ↑ 22.00 22.01 22.02 22.03 22.04 22.05 22.06 22.07 22.08 22.09 22.10 22.11 22.12 22.13 22.14 22.15 22.16 22.17 22.18 22.19 22.20 22.21 22.22 22.23 22.24 22.25 22.26 22.27 22.28 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named oni_2015_PLAN_ID_Guide
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 ""徐州舰"正式命名入列 命名授旗仪式在舟山举行" (in zh). 徐州日报. 29 January 2008. http://military.people.com.cn/GB/42963/53000/6836603.html. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "中国海军529"舟山"号导弹护卫舰_新浪图集_新浪网". http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/image_8_203_5086.html. 
  25. ↑ "Plan Huangshan 570 - Imo 4522874". http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=1770888. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Tate, Andrew (13 January 2015). "PLAN ships call at Portsmouth". http://www.janes.com/article/47879/plan-ships-call-at-portsmouth. 
  27. ↑ Tate, Andrew (28 May 2015). "Simultaneous international drills show growing PLAN confidence". http://www.janes.com/article/51832/simultaneous-international-drills-show-growing-plan-confidence. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Rahmat, Ridzwan; Fisher, Richard D Jr (21 September 2014). "China sends destroyer, frigate to Iran in sign of growing naval ties". http://www.janes.com/article/43499/china-sends-destroyer-frigate-to-iran-in-sign-of-growing-naval-ties. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.6 Yeo, Mike; Streetly, Martin (8 December 2014). "Chinese special mission aircraft cross Okinawa into West Pacific". http://www.janes.com/article/46786/chinese-special-mission-aircraft-cross-okinawa-into-west-pacific. 
  30. ↑ Hardy, James (14 May 2015). "US announces, then 'clarifies' B-1 deployment to Australia, ramps up South China Sea rhetoric". http://www.janes.com/article/51461/us-announces-then-clarifies-b-1-deployment-to-australia-ramps-up-south-china-sea-rhetoric. 
  31. ↑ Jean, Grace (20 August 2014). "USCG's fourth National Security Cutter passes acceptance trials as fifth vessel is named". http://www.janes.com/article/42136/uscg-s-fourth-national-security-cutter-passes-acceptance-trials-as-fifth-vessel-is-named. 
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Zhang_2013-12-30
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Weening, Cornelius (2 December 2014). "China sends 19th naval escort piracy task force to Somalia". http://www.janes.com/article/46631/china-sends-19th-naval-escort-piracy-task-force-to-somalia. 
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 Rahmat, Ridzwan (20 January 2015). "China commissions Type 054A frigate into East Sea Fleet". http://www.janes.com/article/48139/china-commissions-type-054a-frigate-into-east-sea-fleet. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 Tate, Andrew (31 August 2014). "China adding towed sonars to Type 054A, Type 056 vessels". http://www.janes.com/article/42550/china-adding-towed-sonars-to-type-054a-type-056-vessels. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 Tate, Andrew (21 July 2015). "China commissions second Type 052D DDG, pushes ahead with frigate, corvette launches". http://www.janes.com/article/53139/china-commissions-second-type-052d-ddg-pushes-ahead-with-frigate-corvette-launches. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 "导弹护卫舰荆州舰,舷号532 - 米粒分享网-MI6FX.COM". https://www.mi6fx.com/sgcb9lsg9lllwg5inbsg4ijbfgvidbfg4i6isgilwbfgvidb9yfgviilsgriilhyoywy.html. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 "新531湘潭舰的前世今生 - 中国军网". http://www.81.cn/jkhc/2016-03/08/content_6948013.htm. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 Rahmat, Ridzwan (30 December 2016). "China commissions 23rd Type 054A frigate into East Sea Fleet". http://www.janes.com/article/66605/china-commissions-23rd-type-054a-frigate-into-east-sea-fleet. 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.4 Tate, Andrew (26 June 2017). "Another Jiangkai II-class frigate enters service with the Chinese navy". http://www.janes.com/article/71766/another-jiangkai-ii-class-frigate-enters-service-with-the-chinese-navy. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.6 Tate, Andrew (30 June 2017). "Chinese navy commissions 25th Jiangkai II-class frigate". http://www.janes.com/article/71941/chinese-navy-commissions-25th-jiangkai-ii-class-frigate. 
  42. ↑ "安阳市政府网站". http://www.anyang.gov.cn/sitegroup/root/html/00000000361142360136385855fe2882/20190114145188506.html. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 "新一艘054A护卫舰入列中国海军 命名咸宁舰舷号500_军事新闻 - 德州新闻网". http://www.dennischia.com/military/201811-72030.html. 
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 "两代南通舰，见证南通和人民海军的两段"姻缘"_我苏网". http://www.ourjiangsu.com/a/20190423/1556008913452.shtml. 
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 "第30艘054A型护卫舰：542枣庄号服役北海舰队，通过全训形成战斗力_海军" (in en). http://www.sohu.com/a/387559546_100122108. 
Bibliography

External links



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