Heights distribution
From HandWiki
Short description: none
Below is a table which reports the average adult human height by country or geographical region. With regard to the table, original studies and sources should be consulted for details on methodology and the exact populations measured, surveyed, or considered.
Individual surveys and studies
Accuracy
As with any statistical data, the accuracy of the findings may be challenged. In this case, for the following reasons:
- Some studies may allow subjects to self-report values. Generally speaking, self-reported height tends to be taller than measured height, although the overestimation of height depends on the reporting subject's height, age, gender and region.[1][2][3][4]
- Test subjects may have been invited instead of random sampling, resulting in sampling bias.
- Some countries may have significant height gaps between different regions. For instance, one survey shows there is 10.8 centimetres (4.3 in) difference in mean height between the tallest state and the shortest state in Germany.[5] Under such circumstances, the mean height may not represent the total population unless sample subjects are appropriately taken from all regions with using weighted average of the different regional groups.
- Different social groups can show different mean height. According to a study in France, executives and professionals are 2.6 centimetres (1.0 in) taller, and university students are 2.55 centimetres (1.0 in) taller than the national average.[6] As this case shows, data taken from a particular social group may not represent a total population in some countries.
- Height measurement can vary over the course of a day, due to factors such as a decrease from exercise done directly before measurement (i.e. inversely correlated), or an increase after lying down for a significant period of time (i.e. positively correlated). For example, one study revealed a mean decrease of 1.54 centimetres (0.6 in) in the heights of 100 children from getting out of bed in the morning to between 4 and 5 p.m. that same day.[7] Such factors may not have been controlled in all of the following studies.
- It should be remembered that the stature of a man standing, in adult males, varies between the normal individual extremes of 120 cm (3 ft 11 in)–190 cm (6 ft 3 in) and that can lead to mean results lower than 140 cm (4 ft 7 in) (very short height) or ≥180–182 cm (about 6 ft) (very tall height): but these extreme results are based on series "in which a choice has occurred, voluntarily or not".[8]
- According to the geographical-anthropological study by Asutosh Goswami et al. (2023), 95% of the global adult population has average statures between 150 cm (4 ft 11 in) and 165 cm (5 ft 5 in).[9]
Measured and self-reported figures
Green: denotes measured figures
Note: where available, standard deviation (SD) is listed under sample population / age range
| Country or region | Average male height |
Average female height |
Stature ratio (male to female) |
Sample population / age range | Method | Period | Ref. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 168.2 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 155.3 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.08 | 18–69 (N= m:1,979 f:1,687) | Measured | 2018 | [10] | |||||||
| Albania | 174 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 161.8 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 20–29 (N= m:649 f:1,806) | Measured | 2008–2009 | [11][12] | |||||||
| Algeria | 169.7 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158.5 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–64 (N= m:1,626 f:2,491) | Measured | 2005 | [13] | |||||||
| Armenia | 171.5 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 159.2 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18–69 (N= m:605 f:1,449) | Measured | 2016 | [14] | |||||||
| Bahrain | 165.1 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 154.2 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 19+ (N= m:1,120 f:1,181, SD= m:9.0 cm (3.5 in) f:7.8 cm (3.1 in)) | Measured | 2002 | [15] | |||||||
| Belarus | 175.9 cm (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | 164.5 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 1.07 | 18–69 (N= m:2,089 f:2,921) | Measured | 2016–2017 | [16] | |||||||
| Belize | 166.3 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 154.5 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.08 | 20+ (N= m:999 f:1,440) | Measured | 2010 | [17] | |||||||
| Benin | 167.6 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 160.3 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.05 | 18–69 (N= m:2,304 f:2,543) | Measured | 2015 | [18] | |||||||
| Bhutan | 163.9 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 153.2 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18–69 (N= m:1,071 f:1,678) | Measured | 2014 | [19] | |||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 181.2 cm (5 ft 11+1⁄2 in) | N/A | N/A | 17–20 (N= m:3,192) | Measured | 2015–2016 | [20] | |||||||
| Bolivia | N/A | 151.8 cm (5 ft 0 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:10,302, SD= f:5.9 cm (2.3 in)) | Self-reported | 2003 | [21] | |||||||
| Bolivia | 162 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 149 cm (4 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | Aymara, 20–29 | Measured | 1970s | [22] | |||||||
| Botswana | 170.9 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 160.9 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 15–69 (N= m:1,299 f:2,611) | Measured | 2014 | [23] | |||||||
| Brazil | 170.7 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158.8 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18+ (N= m:62,037 f:65,696) | Measured | 2009 | [24][25] | |||||||
| Brazil – Urban | 173.5 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 161.6 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 20–24 (N= m:6,360 f:6,305) | Measured | 2009 | [25] | |||||||
| Brazil – Rural | 170.9 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 158.9 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 20–24 (N= m:1,939 f:1,633) | Measured | 2009 | [25] | |||||||
| Brunei | 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 152 cm (5 ft 0 in) | 1.09 | 19+ (N= m:696 f:828) | Measured | 2010–2011 | [26] | |||||||
| Burkina Faso | 170.6 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 162.3 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.05 | 25–64 (N= m:2,224 f:2,252) | Measured | 2013 | [27] | |||||||
| Cambodia | 161.7 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 151.9 cm (5 ft 0 in) | 1.06 | 25–64 (N= m:1,881 f:3,430) | Measured | 2010 | [28] | |||||||
| Cameroon – Urban | 170.6 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 161.3 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 15+ (N= m:3,746 f:5,078) | Measured | 2003 | [29] | |||||||
| Central African Republic | N/A | 158.9 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:1,408, SD= f:6.6 cm (2.6 in)) | Self-reported | 1994 | [21] | |||||||
| China | 169.6 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158.9 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18+ (N= m/f:57,754, average age 48) | Measured | N/A | [30] | |||||||
| Colombia | 170.6 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158.7 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18–22 (N= m:1,528,875 f:1,468,110) | Measured | 2002 | [31] | |||||||
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the | N/A | 157.7 cm (5 ft 2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:2,727, SD= f:8.0 cm (3.1 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] | |||||||
| Congo, Republic of the | N/A | 159 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:3,922, SD= f:8.1 cm (3.2 in)) | Self-reported | 2007 | [21] | |||||||
| Costa Rica – San José | 169.4 cm (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 155.9 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | 20+ (N= m:523 f:904) | Measured | 2010 | [17] | |||||||
| East Timor | 158.7 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 152.9 cm (5 ft 0 in) | 1.04 | 18–69 (N= m:1,083 f:1,526) | Measured | 2014 | [32] | |||||||
| Ecuador | 167.1 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 154.2 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | N/A | 2014 | [33] | ||||||||
| Egypt | 170.3 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158.9 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 20–24 (N= m:845 f:1,059) | Measured | 2008 | [34] | |||||||
| El Salvador | N/A | 160.3 cm (5 ft 3 in) | N/A | 25–49 | Self-reported | 2007 | [21] | |||||||
| Estonia | 178.6 cm (5 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | 164.8 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 1.08 | 18+ (N= m/f:50,916 , SD= m:7.1 cm (2.8 in) f:6.4 cm (2.5 in)) | Measured | 2003–2010 | ||||||||
| Eswatini | 168.4 cm (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 158.9 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 15–69 (N= m:1,107 f:1,993) | Measured | 2014 | [35] | |||||||
| Ethiopia | 167.6 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 158.1 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.06 | 15–69 (N= m:3,917 f:5,757) | Measured | 2015 | [36] | |||||||
| Fiji | 173.4 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 161.2 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 15–64 (N: m:2,685 f:2,859) | Measured | 2002 | [37] | |||||||
| Finland | 180.7 cm (5 ft 11 in) | 167.2 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 1.08 | –25[clarification needed] (N= m/f:26,636 ) | Measured | 2010–2011 | [38][39] | |||||||
| Finland | 178.9 cm (5 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | 165.3 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 1.08 | 25–34 (N= m/f:2,305 ) | Measured | 1994 | [38] | |||||||
| France | 175.6 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 162.5 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.08 | 18–70 (N= m/f:11,562 ) | Measured | 2003–2004 | [40][41] | |||||||
| France | 174.1 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 161.9 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 20+ | 2001 | [6] | ||||||||
| Gabon | 171 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 160.9 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 15–64 (N= m:1,054 f:1,634, SD= m:7.2 cm (2.8 in) f:6.7 cm (2.6 in)) | Measured | 2009 | [42] | |||||||
| The Gambia | 167.2 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 160.3 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.04 | 25–64 (N= m:1,633 f:1,940, SD= m:11.7 cm (4.6 in) f:9.8 cm (3.9 in)) | Measured | 2011 | [43] | |||||||
| The Gambia – Rural | 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 157.8 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.06 | 21–49 (N= m:9,559 f:13,160, SD= m:6.7 cm (2.6 in) f:5.6 cm (2.2 in)) | Measured | 1950–1974 | [44] | |||||||
| Georgia | 173.8 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 161.2 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18–69 (N= m:1,271 f:2,933) | Measured | 2016 | [45][46] | |||||||
| Germany | 175.4 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 162.8 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.08 | 18–79 (N= m/f:19,768 ) | N/A | 2007 | [5] | |||||||
| Guatemala | 160.1 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 148.1 cm (4 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 15–59 (N= m:6,624(15–59) f:15,211(15–49)) | Measured | 2008–2009 | [47] | |||||||
| Guinea | N/A | 158.8 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:2,563, SD= f:6.3 cm (2.5 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] | |||||||
| Haiti | N/A | 158.6 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:2,932, SD= f:6.5 cm (2.6 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] | |||||||
| Honduras – Tegucigalpa | 167.2 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 153.9 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | 20+ (N= m:644 f:1,052) | Measured | 2010 | [17] | |||||||
| Honduras | N/A | 152 cm (5 ft 0 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:11,219, SD= f:6.4 cm (2.5 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] | |||||||
| India | 174.4 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 158.5 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.10 | Private school students, 18 (N= m:34,411(3–18) f:30,218(3–18)) | Measured | 2011 | [48] | |||||||
| India | 169.1 cm (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 154.6 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.09 | Government school students, 18 (N= m:19,303(3–18) f:22,911(3–18)) | Measured | 2011 | [48] | |||||||
| India | 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 152 cm (5 ft 0 in) | 1.09 | 20–49 (N= m:69,245 f:118,796) | Measured | 2011 | [49] | |||||||
| Indonesia | 164 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 154.1 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 18 (N= m/f:>300,000; Jakarta: male average = 165.1 cm, female average = 155.6 cm) | Measured | 2018 | [50] | |||||||
| Iran | 170.3 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 157.2 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.08 | 21+ (N= m/f:89,532 , SD= m:8.05 cm (3.2 in) f:7.22 cm (2.8 in)) | Measured | 2005 | [51] | |||||||
| Iran | 173.4 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 159.9 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.09 | 20–25 | Measured | 2005 | [51] | |||||||
| Iraq | 171.3 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 157.5 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.09 | 18+ (N= m:1,596 f:2,318) | Measured | 2015 | [52] | |||||||
| Ivory Coast | 170.1 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 159.1 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–29 (SD= m:6.7 cm (2.6 in) f:5.67 cm (2.2 in)) | Measured , but realistic results | 1985–1987 | [citation needed] | |||||||
| Jamaica | 171.8 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 160.8 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–74 | Measured , but realistic results | 1994–1996 | [53] | |||||||
| Japan | 171.8 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 158.6 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18–49 (N= m:10,131 f:8,984) | Measured | 2018 | [54][55] | |||||||
| Jordan | 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) | 159 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | 18–69 (N= m:2,203 f:3,510) | Measured | 2019 | [56] | |||||||
| Kazakhstan | N/A | 159.8 cm (5 ft 3 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:1,600, SD= f:6.3 cm (2.5 in)) | Self-reported | 1999 | [21] | |||||||
| Kenya | 158.2 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–49 (N= f:4,856, SD= f:7.3 cm (2.9 in)) | Self-reported | 2016 | [21][57] | ||||||||
| Kiribati | 170.7 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158.4 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18–69 (N= f:566 m:698) | Measured | 2015–2016 | [58] | |||||||
| North Korea | 165.6 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 154.9 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.07 | Defectors, 20–39 (N= m/f:1,075 ) | Measured | 2005 | [59] | |||||||
| Kuwait | 172 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 158.6 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18–69 (N= m:1,385 f:2,232) | Measured | 2013–2014 | [60] | |||||||
| Kyrgyzstan | N/A | 158 cm (5 ft 2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:2,424, SD= f:5.8 cm (2.3 in)) | Self-reported | 1997 | [21] | |||||||
| Laos – Vientiane | 162.2 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 153.4 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 25–64 (N= m:1,635 f:2,430) | Measured | 2008 | [61] | |||||||
| Lebanon | 174.1 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 162.4 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.07 | 18–69 (N= m:736 f:992) | Measured | 2016–2017 | [62] | |||||||
| Lesotho | N/A | 157.6 cm (5 ft 2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:1,879, SD= f:6.7 cm (2.6 in)) | Self-reported | 2004 | [21] | |||||||
| Liberia | 161.1 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 154.2 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.04 | 25–64 (m:982 f:1,237) | Measured | 2011 | [63] | |||||||
| Lithuania | 176.4 cm (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | N/A | N/A | 19–25 (m:197) SD= m:6.2 cm (2.4 in) | Measured | 2005 | [64] | |||||||
| Madagascar – Antananarivo Province | 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 154 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 25–64 (N= m:1,102 f:1,112) | Measured | 2005 | [65] | |||||||
| Madagascar | N/A | 154.3 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:5,024, SD= f:6.0 cm (2.4 in)) | Self-reported | 2003 | [21] | |||||||
| Malaysia | 165.2 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 154.4 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.07 | 25–64 (N= m:1,044 f:1,528) | Measured | 2005 | [66] | |||||||
| Malaysia | 166.3 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 154.7 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.07 | Malay, 20–24 (N= m:749 f:893, SD= m:6.46 cm (2.5 in) f:6.04 cm (2.4 in))better ptevious with larger sample) | Measured | 1996 | [67] | |||||||
| Malawi | 164.3 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 155.4 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.06 | 25–64 (N= m:1,669 f:3,454) | Measured | 2009 | [68] | |||||||
| Maldives | 164.7 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 153 cm (5 ft 0 in) | 1.08 | 15–64 (N= m:661 f:1,103) | Measured | 2011 | [69] | |||||||
| Malta | 175.2 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 165.3 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 1.06 | 25–34 | 2003 | [70] | ||||||||
| Marshall Islands | 163.3 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 151.6 cm (4 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 15–64 (N= m:762 f:1,187) | Measured | 2002 | [71] | |||||||
| Mauritania | 167.9 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 160.3 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.05 | 15–64 (N= m:1,141 f:1,362) | Measured | 2006 | [72] | |||||||
| Mexico | 172 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 159 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 20–65 | 2014 | [73] | ||||||||
| Micronesia, Federated States of | 169.2 cm (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 158.9 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 25–64 (N= m:634 f:1,212) | Measured | 2006 | [74] | |||||||
| Moldova | 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) | 161.8 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18–69 (N= m:1,711 f:2,772) | Measured | 2013 | [75] | |||||||
| Moldova | N/A | 161.2 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:4,757, SD= f:6.2 cm (2.4 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] | |||||||
| Mongolia | 167.8 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 156.8 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 15–64 (N= m:2,656 f:3,117) | Measured | 2015 | [76] | |||||||
| Morocco | 171.8 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 159.2 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18+ (N= m:1,871 f:3,390) | Measured | 2017 | [77] | |||||||
| Mozambique | N/A | 156 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:6,912, SD= f:6.2 cm (2.4 in)) | Self-reported | 2003 | [21] | |||||||
| Myanmar | 163.5 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 153.4 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–64 (N= m:2,948 f:5,447) | Measured | 2014 | [78] | |||||||
| Namibia | N/A | 160.7 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:5,575, SD= f:7.1 cm (2.8 in)) | Self-reported | 2006 | [21] | |||||||
| Nauru | 168.1 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 156.6 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 15–64 (N= m:1,083 f:1,186) | Measured | 2004 | [79] | |||||||
| Nepal | 161.7 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 150.4 cm (4 ft 11 in) | 1.08 | 15–69 (N= m:1,326 f:2,798) | Measured | 2012–2013 | [80] | |||||||
| Nepal | 150.8 cm (4 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 25–49 (N= f:6,280, SD= f:5.5 cm (2.2 in)) | Self-reported | 2006 | [21] | ||||||||
| New Zealand | 177 cm (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | 164 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 20–49 | Measured , too high results | 2007 | - | Nicaragua | N/A | 153.7 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 | 2001 | [21] |
| Nicaragua – Managua | 166.8 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 154.7 cm (5 ft 1 in) | 1.08 | 20+ (N= m:1,024 f:969) | Measured | 2010 | [17] | |||||||
| Nigeria | 174.8 cm (5 ft 9 in) | N/A | N/A | 18–40 (N= m:1500, 500 each from the three major ethnicities) | Measured | 2024 | [82] | |||||||
| Oman | 167.4 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 156.1 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18+ (N= m:3,338 f:2,955) | Measured | 2017 | [83][84] | |||||||
| Pakistan | 165.8 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 153.9 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18–69 (N= m/f:6,613 ) | Measured | 2013–2014 | [85] | |||||||
| Papua New Guinea | 161.7 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 154.3 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.05 | 15–64 (N= m:1,408 f:1,451) | Measured | 2007–2008 | [86] | |||||||
| Peru | 164 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 151 cm (4 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | 20+ | 2005 | [87] | ||||||||
| Philippines | 163.5 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 151.8 cm (5 ft 0 in) | 1.08 | 20–39 | 2003 | [88] | ||||||||
| Poland | 172.2 cm (5 ft 8 in) | 159.4 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.08 | 44–69 (N= m:4,336 f:4,559) | Measured | 2007 | [89] | |||||||
| Portugal | 171 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 161 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 20–50 | Self-reported | 2001 | ||||||||
| Qatar | 171.2 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 157.7 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.09 | 18–64 (N= m:1,038 f:1,423) | Measured | 2012 | [90] | |||||||
| Russia | 177.4 cm (5 ft 10 in) | 165.5 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 1.07 | 21 (N= m:3,911 f:6,063) | Measured | 2010–2012 | [91] | |||||||
| Rwanda | 163.9 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 155.7 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.05 | 15–64 (N= m:2,649 f:4,467) | Measured | 2012–2013 | [92] | |||||||
| Saudi Arabia | 167.1 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 154.3 cm (5 ft 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 15–64 (N= m:2,244 f:2,345) | Measured | 2005 | [93] | |||||||
| Senegal | N/A | 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:2,533, SD= f:6.7 cm (2.6 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] | |||||||
| Serbia | 177.4 cm (5 ft 10 in) | 163.3 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | 20+ (N= m:6,007 f:6,453) | Measured | 2013 | [94] | |||||||
| Sierra Leone | 166 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 158 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.05 | 25–64 (N= m:1,996 f:2,311) | Measured | 2009 | [95] | |||||||
| Solomon Islands | 166.4 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 155.7 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–64 (N= m:688 f:1018) | Measured | 2006 | [96] | |||||||
| Spain | N/A | 159.6 cm (5 ft 3 in) | N/A | 18–70 (N= f:8,217) | Measured | 2007–2008 | [24][97][98][99] | |||||||
| Spain | 174 cm (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.07 | 20–49 | Self-reported | 2007 | ||||||||
| Sri Lanka | 163.6 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 151.4 cm (4 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | 18+ (N= m:1,768 f:2,709, SD= m:6.9 cm (2.7 in) f:6.4 cm (2.5 in)) | Measured | 2005–2006 | [100] | |||||||
| Sudan | 171.2 cm (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | 160.3 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.07 | 18–69 (N= m:2,662 f:4,548) | Measured | 2016 | [101] | |||||||
| Sweden | 177.9 cm (5 ft 10 in) | 164.6 cm (5 ft 5 in) | 1.08 | 20–74 | Self-reported | 1987–1994 | [102] | |||||||
| Switzerland | 178.2 cm (5 ft 10 in) | N/A | N/A | Conscripts, 19 (N= m:12,447, Median= m:178.0 cm (5 ft 10 in), SD= m:6.52 cm (2.6 in)) | Measured | 2009 | [103] | |||||||
| Switzerland | 175.4 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 164 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 20–74 | Self-reported | 1987–1994 | [102] | |||||||
| Tanzania | N/A | 156.6 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:6,033, SD= f:6.5 cm (2.6 in)) | Self-reported | 2004 | [21] | |||||||
| Thailand | 170.3 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 159 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | STOU students, 15–19 (N= m:839 f:1,636, SD= m:6.3 cm (2.5 in) f:5.9 cm (2.3 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [104] | |||||||
| Togo | 169.1 cm (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 159.3 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 15–64 (N= m:2,064 f:2,249) | Measured | 2010 | [105] | |||||||
| Tonga | 177.9 cm (5 ft 10 in) | 167 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 25–64 (N= m:880 f:1,466) | Measured | 2012 | [106] | |||||||
| Trinidad and Tobago | 173.2 cm (5 ft 8 in) | 160.6 cm (5 ft 3 in) | 1.08 | 15–64 (N= m:1,112 f:1,608) | Measured | 2011 | [107] | |||||||
| Turkmenistan | 173.3 cm (5 ft 8 in) | 162.7 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.07 | 18–69 (N= m:1,713 f:2,237) | Measured | 2018 | [108] | |||||||
| Uganda | 166.9 cm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 157.8 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.06 | 18–69 (N= m:1,565 f:2,122) | Measured | 2014 | [109] | |||||||
| Ukraine | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 164 cm (5 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | 18+ | 2020 | [110] | ||||||||
| United Arab Emirates | 156.4 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | align="center" | 1.11 | N/A | N/A | N/A | [111] | |||||||||
| United States | 175.3 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 161.3 cm (5 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 1.09 | All Americans, 20+ (N= m:5,092 f:5,510) | Measured | 2015–2018 | [112] | |||||||
| United States – Non-Hispanic Whites | 176.7 cm (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | 162.4 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.08 | Non-Hispanic white, 20+ (N= m:1,782 f:1,779) | Measured | 2015–2018 | [112] | |||||||
| United States – Hispanic and Latino Americans | 170.4 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 157.5 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.08 | Hispanic, 20+ (N= m:1,292 f:1,536) | Measured | 2015–2018 | [112] | |||||||
| United States – African Americans | 176 cm (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | 162.5 cm (5 ft 4 in) | 1.08 | Non-Hispanic black, 20+ (N= m:1,107 f:1,255) | Measured | 2015–2018 | [112] | |||||||
| United States – Asian Americans | 170.5 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 156.3 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.08 | Non-Hispanic Asian, 20+ (N= m:1,107 f:1,255) | Measured | 2015–2018 | [112] | |||||||
| Uruguay | 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 158 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.08 | Adults (N= m:2,249 f:2,114) | Measured | 1990 | [113] | |||||||
| Uzbekistan | 169.6 cm (5 ft 7 in) | 157 cm (5 ft 2 in) | 1.08 | 18–64 (N= m:1,531 f:2,161) | Measured | 2014 | [114] | |||||||
| Vanuatu | 167.8 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 158.7 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | 1.06 | 25–64 (N= m:2,257 f:2,244) | Measured | 2011–2012 | [115] | |||||||
| Vietnam | 168.1 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 156.2 cm (5 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 1.07 | Measured | 2019–2020 | [116] | ||||||||
| Zambia | N/A | 158.5 cm (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:4,091, SD= f:6.5 cm (2.6 in)) | Self-reported | 2007 | [21] | |||||||
| Zimbabwe | N/A | 160.3 cm (5 ft 3 in) | N/A | 25–49 (N= f:4,746, SD= f:6.2 cm (2.4 in)) | Self-reported | 2005 | [21] |
References
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- ↑ "NCD Risk Factors in Malaysia". 2006. pp. 28, 53. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/MalaysiaSTEPSReport.pdf?ua=1.
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- ↑ "Malawi National STEPS Survey for Chronic Non Communicable Diseases and their Risk Factors, Final Report". June 2010. p. 53. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Malawi_2009_STEPS_Report.pdf.
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- ↑ "Third national STEPS Survey on the Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease and Injury Risk Factors-2013". 2013. pp. 70–71. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Mongolia_2013_STEPS_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "Enquête Nationale sur les Facteurs de Risque communs des Maladies Non Transmissibles 2017 2018: Rapport" (in fr). 2017–2018. p. 101. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/STEPS-REPORT-2017-2018-Morocco-final.pdf.
- ↑ "Report on National Survey of Diabetes Mellitus and Risk Factors for Non-communicable Diseases in Myanmar". 2014. p. 105. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Myanmar_2014_STEPS_Report.pdf.
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- ↑ "Sultanate of Oman STEPS Survey 2017, Fact Sheet". 2017. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Oman_STEPS_2017_Fact_Sheet.pdf.
- ↑ Non-communicable diseases risk factors survey - Pakistan. 2014. p. 25. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2014_Pakistan_STEPS_Report.pdf. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- ↑ "Papua New Guinea NCD Risk Factors STEPS Report". 2014. p. 43. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/PNG_2007-08_STEPS_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "Encuesta Nacional de Indicadores Nutricionales, Bioquímicos, Socioeconómicos y Culturales relacionados con las Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas 2005". Dirección Ejecutiva de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional (DEVAN), Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS). 5 June 2006. http://www.ins.gob.pe/insvirtual/images/boletin/pdf/ReporteEpidemiologicoINS2006-22.pdf.
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- ↑ "Childhood socioeconomic circumstances and adult height and leg length in central and eastern Europe". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 62 (4): 351–357. April 2008. doi:10.1136/jech.2006.056457. PMID 18339829.
- ↑ "Qatar STEPwise report, chronic disease risk factor surveillance". 2013. p. 53. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Qatar_2012_STEPwise_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "Bioimpedance study of body composition in the Russian population". p. 94. https://mednet.ru/images/stories/files/publikatcii/Bioimpedansnoe-issledovanie-sostava-tela-naseleniia-Rossii.pdf.
- ↑ "Rwanda Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factors Report". 2015. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Rwanda_2012_STEPS_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "WHO STEPwise Approach to NCD Surveillance, Country-Specific Standard Report, Saudi Arabia 2005". 2005. p. 40. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2005_SaudiArabia_STEPS_Report_EN.pdf.
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- ↑ "The prevalence of the common risk factors of non-communicable diseases in Sierra Leone". 2009. pp. 12, 34. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2009_STEPS_Report_SierraLeone.pdf.
- ↑ "Solomon Islands NCD Risk Factors STEPS Report". 2010. p. 43. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2006_Solomon_Islands_STEPS_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "Grupo Investigación Antropometría Instituto de Biomecánica > Metodología". Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia. 12 March 2015. http://antropometria.ibv.org/index.php/es/estudios-3d/adultos#metodolog%C3%ADa.
- ↑ "Grupo Investigación Antropometría Instituto de Biomecánica". Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia. 12 March 2015. http://antropometria.ibv.org/index.php/es/estudios-3d/adultos.
- ↑ "Estudio Antropométrico de la Población Femenina en España". Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. 7 February 2008. http://consumo-inc.gob.es/novedades/docs/tallasPresentacion.pdf.
- ↑ "Patterns and correlates of adult height in Sri Lanka". Economics and Human Biology 9 (1): 23–29. January 2011. doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2010.09.005. PMID 21126931.
- ↑ "Sudan STEPwise survey for non-communicable diseases risk factors 2016 report". 2016. p. 72. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Sudan_STEPwise_SURVEY_final_2016.pdf.
- ↑ 102.0 102.1 "Persistent variations in average height between countries and between socio-economic groups: an overview of 10 European countries". Annals of Human Biology 27 (4): 407–421. 2000. doi:10.1080/03014460050044883. PMID 10942348.
- ↑ "The average height of 18- and 19-year-old conscripts (N=458,322) in Switzerland from 1992 to 2009, and the secular height trend since 1878". Swiss Medical Weekly 141 (2930): w13238. 2011. doi:10.4414/smw.2011.13238. PMID 21805409.
- ↑ "Secular changes and predictors of adult height for 86 105 male and female members of the Thai Cohort Study born between 1940 and 1990". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 66 (1): 75–80. January 2012. doi:10.1136/jech.2010.113043. PMID 20805198.
- ↑ "Rapport final de l'enquête STEPS Togo 2010, Togo STEPS survey report." (in fr). 2012. p. 61. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2010STEPS_Report_Togo_FR.pdf.
- ↑ "Kingdom of Tonga NCD Risk Factors STEPS Report". 2014. p. 122. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf.
- ↑ "Panamerican STEPS chronic non-communicable disease risk factor survey". 2012. p. 99. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/TrinidadAndTobago_2011_STEPS_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "Распространненость факторов риска неинфекционных заболеваний в Туркменистане STEPS 2018". 2018. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Final_Report_Steps_2018_TKM.pdf.
- ↑ "Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Baseline Survey, Uganda 2014 Report". 2014. p. 30. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/Uganda_2014_STEPS_Report.pdf.
- ↑ "Social and Demographic Characteristics of Households of Ukraine". 2020. p. 55. http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2020/zb/07/zb_cdhd_20.pdf.
- ↑ "National growth charts for the United Arab Emirates". Journal of Epidemiology 18 (6): 295–303. 2008. doi:10.2188/jea.JE2008037. PMID 19075495.
- ↑ 112.0 112.1 112.2 112.3 112.4 "Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States, 2015-2018". Vital & Health Statistics. Series 3, Analytical and Epidemiological Studies 11 (36): 1–44. January 2021. PMID 33541517. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_03/sr03-046-508.pdf. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
- ↑ "Cruzada por lo alto: los petisos denuncian dura discriminación" (in es). El País. 27 May 2006. http://200.40.120.164/06/05/27/pciuda_218248.asp.
- ↑ "Распространенность факторов риска неинфекционных заболеваний в Республике Узбекистан (STEPS ВОЗ)" (in ru). 2015. p. 38. https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/UZB_STEPS_report_2014_final_RU.pdf.
- ↑ "Vanuatu - STEPS 2011 Report". p. 34. https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/714.
- ↑ "The Ministry of Health released the results of a country-wide study conducted by the General Statistics Office and National Institute of Nutrition on the height of Vietnamese citizens in 2019–2020.". https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/vietnamese-are-growing-faster-than-ever-4263949.html.
