Mebibyte

The mebibyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The binary prefix mebi means 2²⁰; therefore one mebibyte is equal to 1048576bytes, i.e., 1024 kibibytes. The unit symbol for the mebibyte is MiB.

The unit was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1998. It was designed to replace the megabyte when used in the binary sense to mean 2²⁰ bytes, which conflicts with the definition of the prefix mega in the International System of Units (SI) as a multiplier of 10⁶. The binary prefixes have been accepted by all major standards organizations and are part of the International System of Quantities. Many Linux distributions use the unit, but it is not widely acknowledged within the industry or media.

Multiples of bytes
Decimal Value Metric 1000 kB kilobyte 10002 MB megabyte 10003 GB gigabyte 10004 TB terabyte 10005 PB petabyte 10006 EB exabyte 10007 ZB zettabyte 10008 YB yottabyte	Binary Value IEC JEDEC 1024 KiB kibibyte KB kilobyte 10242 MiB mebibyte MB megabyte 10243 GiB gibibyte GB gigabyte 10244 TiB tebibyte – 10245 PiB pebibyte – 10246 EiB exbibyte – 10247 ZiB zebibyte – 10248 YiB yobibyte –
Orders of magnitude of data

Definition

1 MiB = 2²⁰ bytes = 1048576bytes = 1024 kibibytes

1024 MiB = 1 gibibyte (GiB)

The prefix mebi is a binary prefix and multiplier derived from the SI prefix mega and the word binary. Its value is 1024², having the same power of 1024 as the power of 1000 of its decimal counterpart, the prefix mega (1000²).

Despite its official status, the unit mebibyte is not commonly used even when reporting byte counts calculated in binary multiples, but is often represented as a megabyte. The discrepancy may cause confusion, since operating systems using the binary method report lower numerical values for storage size than advertised by manufacturers, such as disk drive manufacturers, who strictly use decimal units.

History and usage

The binary prefixes, including mebi, were defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in December 1998. All major standards bodies have endorsed the use of them for binary multiples.

Prior to this official definition, the unit megabyte was originally used in computer science to mean one million bytes (for example for 35 MB hard drive would be capable of storing 35 million bytes). Later the same term 'megabyte' was used to mean 1048576 bytes in the context of computer memory, although it continued to mean exactly one million (1000000) bytes in the context of computer storage. The error associated with this ambiguity is relatively small for the megabyte.

In 1995, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry's Interdivisional Committee on Nomenclature and Symbols decided to attempt to resolve this ambiguity by proposing new prefixes for powers of 1024. Accepted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the IEC published the standard in January 1999.

Many operating systems still compute file size in mebibytes, but report the number as MB (megabytes). For example, all versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system show a file of 2²⁰ bytes as "1.00 MB" or "1,024 KB" in its file properties dialog and show a file of 10⁶ (1000000) bytes as 976 KB.

All versions of Apple's operating systems had the same behavior until 2009 with Mac OS X version 10.6, which instead uses megabytes for all file and disk sizes, so it reports a 10⁶ byte file as 1 MB.

The Ubuntu developer Canonical implemented an updated units policy in 2010 and as of Ubuntu 10.10 all versions use IEC binary prefixes for base-2 quantities and SI prefixes for base-10 quantities.

See also

• IEEE 1541
• Orders of magnitude (data)

References

de:Byte#Bedeutungen von Dezimal- und Binärpräfixen für große Anzahlen von Bytes pl:Mebibajt