Medicine:Dextran 70
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| Trade names | RescueFlow, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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| Routes of administration | intravenous |
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| Molar mass | 70000 Da |
Dextran 70 is a polymer of glucose produced by bacteria. It is used by injection into a vein to expand blood volume.[1] Specifically it is used for shock such as that caused by bleeding or burns when blood transfusions are not quickly available.[2] However, it does not carry oxygen.[2] It also slows the clotting of blood when injected. It is also used as an eye lubricant and as a carrier for intravenous technetium.[3]
Common side effects include vomiting, fever, and joint pains.[2] Other side effects include allergic reactions and poor blood clotting.[1] It is not recommended in people with kidney failure, significant heart failure, or a clotting disorder.[2] It is not recommended during pregnancy.[4] It works by pulling fluid from the extravascular space into the blood vessels.[2]
Dextran 70 was approved for medical use in 1947.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] It comes in either sodium chloride solution or glucose solution.[2]
Chemical identity
Dextrans are glucose polymers with alpha 1-6 linkage produced by bacteria. Dextran 70 refers to the specific version having an average molecular mass of 70,000.[3]
Adverse effects
When injected by excessive amounts, dextran damages the kidney by making the blood too viscous.[3] Dextran accumulates in and is metabolized by hepatocytes; a dose too high can lead to oxidative stress in these cells manifesting as liver damage. Keeping a log of the amount given and monitoring kidney and liver function is recommended. Some people are allergic to dectran.[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. 2009. pp. 248,257–58,279,287. ISBN 978-92-4-154765-9.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 "Dextran 70". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. https://www.drugs.com/monograph/dextran-70.html.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Dextran". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. July 15, 2026. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557631/. Retrieved July 15, 2026.
- ↑ British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. p. 686. ISBN 978-0-85711-156-2.
- ↑ Industrial Gums: Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives (3 ed.). Academic Press. 2012. p. 411. ISBN 978-0-08-092654-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=UziD3opt5-wC&pg=PA411.
- ↑ World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
External links
- "Dextran 70". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2022-08-16. https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/dextran%2070.
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