Physics:Argonaut class reactor

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The Argonaut class reactor is a design of small nuclear research reactor. Many have been built throughout the world, over a wide range of power levels. Its functions are to teach nuclear reactor theory, nuclear physics and for use in engineering laboratory experiments.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Description

The original Argonaut (Argonne Nuclear Assembly for University Training) was built at Argonne National Laboratory and went critical for the first time on February 9, 1957.[7] It was shut down in 1972. This reactor was rated for 10 kilowatts.[8][9]

List of Argonaut-class research reactors in the world[10][11]
Country Facility Name Institution Thermal Power (kW) Status First criticality Final shutdown References
Australia MOATA Australian Atomic Energy Commission 100 Decommissioned 01/04/1961 31/05/1995 [12]
Austria Siemens Argonaut Reaktor-Graz (SAR-Graz) Graz University of Technology 10 Decommissioned 17/05/1965 31/08/2004 [13][14]
Brazil Argonauta Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear (IEN) 0.2 Operational 20/02/1965 – [15][16]
France Ulysse CEA 100 Under decommissioning 23/07/1961 12/1997 [17][18]
France Réacteur Université de Strasbourg (RUS) University of Strasbourg 100 Decommissioned 1967 12/1997 [19]
Germany Rossendorfer Ringzonen Reaktor (RRR) Strahlenschutz, Analytik und Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V. 1 Decommissioned 16/12/1962 25/09/1991 [20][21]
Germany Schnell-Thermischen Argonaut-Reaktor (STARK) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie 0.01 Decommissioned 11/01/1963 03/1976 [20]
Germany AEG Prüfreaktor (PR-10) Kraftwerk Union AG (KWU) 0.18 Decommissioned 27/01/1961 1976 [20]
Germany Siemens Argonaut Reactor (SAR) Technical University of Munich 1 Decommissioned 31/10/1968 20/03/1968 [20]
Italy Reattore Bologna Due (RB-2) AGIP Nucleare 10 Decommissioned 28/05/1963 12/1980 [22]
Japan University Test Reactor (UTR) Kinki University 0.001 Operational 11/11/1961 – [23][24][25]
Netherlands Low Flux Reactor (LFR) Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group 30 Decommissioned 28/08/1960 12/2010 [26][27][28]
Netherlands Atoomreactor THE NEderland (ATHENE) Eindhoven University of Technology 10 Decommissioned 03/02/1969 1973 [29][30][31]
Spain Argos Research Reactor Polytechnic University of Catalonia 1 Decommissioned 11/06/1962 06/09/1977 [32][33][34][35]
Spain Argonaut Reactor Bilbao (ARBI) University School of Technical Industrial Engineering of Bilbao 10 Decommissioned 26/02/1962 1974 [36]
Taiwan Tsing Hua Argonaut Reactor (THAR) National Tsing Hua University 10 Decommissioned 20/04/1974 05/1991 [37][38]
UK Neutron Source Thermal Reactor (NESTOR) AEE Winfrith 30 Decommissioned 01/01/1961 06/1995 [39][40]
UK Jason Royal Naval College 10 Decommissioned 30/09/1959 07/1996 [41][42]
UK UTR-300 Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre 300 Decommissioned 01/06/1963 09/1995 [43][44][45]
UK UTR-B Queen Mary University of London 100 Decommissioned 10/06/1968 04/1982 [46][47]
UK Universities Research Reactor University of Liverpool Victoria University of Manchester 300 Decommissioned 07/07/1964 07/1991 [48][49]
USA University of Florida Training Reactor (UFTR) University of Florida 100 Operational 28/05/1959 – [50]
USA UTR Test Reactor American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation 0.015 Decommissioned 01/12/1961 1963 [51]
USA University Teaching and Research Reactor (UTR-1) American Radiator and Standard Sanitary Corporation 0.001 Decommissioned 01/02/1958 1960 [52]
USA Juggernaut Argonne National Laboratory 250 Decommissioned 11/01/1962 04/1970 [53][54]
USA UTR-10 Virginia Tech 100 Decommissioned 01/12/1959 1984 [55][56]
USA UTR-10 Iowa State University 10 Decommissioned 01/10/1959 05/1998 [57]
USA UWNR University of Washington 100 Decommissioned 01/04/1961 06/1988
USA UCLA R1 UCLA 100 Decommissioned 01/10/1960 01/1984 [58]

See also

Citations

  1. ↑ Armstrong, R. H; Kolb, W. L; Lennox, D. H (1957) (in English). Engineering, construction and cost of the Argonaut reactor. Lemont, Illinois: Argonne National Laboratory. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67185/m2/1/high_res_d/metadc67185.pdf. 
  2. ↑ Sturm, W.J.; Daavettila, D.A. (1961) (in English). Argonaut Reactor Data-Book. A compilation of experimental and theoretical results of work done with, or related to, the Argonaut Reactor to July 1960 (Report). doi:10.2172/4054362. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/4054362/. 
  3. ↑ Lennox, D. H; Spinrad, B.I.; Kelber, C.N.; Armstrong, R. H; Kolb, W. L (1958) (in English). The Argonaut Reactor: A Generalized Reactor Facility For Nuclear Technology Training And Research (Report). https://www.osti.gov/biblio/4306796-argonaut-reactor-generalized-reactor-facility-nuclear-technology-training-research. 
  4. ↑ (in English) Operating Manual For The Argonaut Reactor (Report). 1959. doi:10.2172/4186199. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/4186199/. 
  5. ↑ Armstrong, R.H.; Kelber, C.N. (1957-03-01). "Argonaut -Argonne's Reactor For University Training" (in English). Nucleonics 15 (3). 
  6. ↑ Kelber, C.N. (1957-05-01) (in English). The Theoretical Physics Of The Argonaut Reactor. doi:10.2172/4371597. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1020256/. 
  7. ↑ Argonne National Laboratory 2016.
  8. ↑ Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology 2003, p. 23.
  9. ↑ Lennox, D.H.; Spinrad, B.I. (1956-03-01) (in English). A GENERALIZED REACTOR FACILITY FOR NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY TRAINING AND RESEARCH. Interim Report on "ARGONAUT". doi:10.2172/4370769. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1019356/. 
  10. ↑ Hawley, S. C.; Kathern, R. L.; Robkin, M. A. (1981-04-01) (in English). Analysis of Credible Accidents for Argonaut Reactors. doi:10.2172/1080075. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc838855/. 
  11. ↑ IAEA. "Research Reactor Database". https://nucleus.iaea.org/RRDB/RR/ReactorSearch.aspx. 
  12. ↑ Finlay, R.; Miller, R.; Dimitrovski, L.; Domingo, X.; Landau, P.; Valery, J.; Laloy, V.. "Australian research reactors spent fuel management: the path to sustainability" (in English). Conference Proceedings RRFM2017. http://www.euronuclear.org/meetings/rrfm2017/pdf/fullpapers/RRFM2017-A0104.pdf. 
  13. ↑ H. Böck, A. Musilek, M. Villa (2004). "Research Reactors In Austria – Present Situation". 2004 International RERTR Meeting. https://www.rertr.anl.gov/RERTR26/pdf/52-Boeck.pdf. 
  14. ↑ Mueller, H; Schuerrer, F; Ninaus, W; Oswald, K; Rabitsch, H; Kreiner, H; Neef, R D (1984) (in en). Der Siemens-Argonaut-Reaktor als Treiberzone fuer eine Hochtemperaturreaktorzelle. https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/servlets/purl/956982. 
  15. ↑ "Brazil, Federative Republic of : Research Reactor Details – ARGONAUTA". http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/research_reactors/database/RR%20Data%20Base/datasets/report/Brazil,%20Federative%20Republic%20of%20%20%20Research%20Reactor%20Details%20-%20ARGONAUTA.htm. 
  16. ↑ "Argonauta Reactor" (in pt-br). http://ien.gov.br/index.php/gepr/57-pagina-interna/166-argonauta-reactor. 
  17. ↑ "Saclay : le vieux réacteur nucléaire vit ses dernières heures". 20 February 2012. http://www.leparisien.fr/gif-sur-yvette-91190/ce-reacteur-nucleaire-vit-ses-dernieres-heures-20-02-2012-1868656.php. 
  18. ↑ "Ulysse INB 18 Rapport préliminaire de sûreté des opérations de démantèlement – PDF". https://docplayer.fr/50084355-Ulysse-inb-18-rapport-preliminaire-de-surete-des-operations-de-demantelement.html. 
  19. ↑ "Réacteur universitaire de Strasbourg". 7 August 2018. https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A9acteur_universitaire_de_Strasbourg&oldid=151078850. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 Ines Bredberg, Johann Hutter, Kerstin Kühn, Katarzyna Niedzwiedz, Frank Philippczyk, Julia Dose (2013). State and Development of Nuclear Power Utilization in the Federal Republic of Germany 2013 (Report). https://doris.bfs.de/jspui/bitstream/urn:nbn:de:0221-2014102711847/3/BfS-SK-24-14.pdf. 
  21. ↑ Kampf, T., Liewers, P. (1 July 1963). "The Rossendorf Ring Zone Reactor (RRR) -An Instrument For Reactor Physics Research". Kernenergie (East Germany) 6. 
  22. ↑ "Montecuccolino" (in it-it). http://masternucleare.ing.unibo.it/montecuccolino.html. 
  23. ↑ "Japan: Research Reactor Details – UTR KINKI". http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/research_reactors/database/RR%20Data%20Base/datasets/report/Japan%20%20Research%20Reactor%20Details%20-%20UTR%20KINKI.htm. 
  24. ↑ G. Wakabayashi, T. Itoh, K. Hashimoto, S. Ito, H. Yamanishi, W. Sugiyama, T. Horiguchi, S. Hohara (2012). "History and Present Situation of Kinki University Reactor (UTR-KINKI)". 34th International Meeting on Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors. https://www.rertr.anl.gov/RERTR34/pdfs/S8-P16_Wakabayashi.pdf. 
  25. ↑ Shibata, Toshikazu (1992). Some Unique Activities of the Smallest Reactor: UTR・KINKI (Report). https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/24/023/24023740.pdf. 
  26. ↑ "Netherlands, Kingdom of the: Research Reactor Details – LFR". http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/research_reactors/database/RR%20Data%20Base/datasets/report/Netherlands,%20Kingdom%20of%20the%20%20Research%20Reactor%20Details%20-%20LFR.htm. 
  27. ↑ (in nl) MilieueffectrapportDecommissioning LFR ende LFR-hal (Report). 2013. http://api.commissiemer.nl/docs/mer/p26/p2698/2698-029mer.pdf. 
  28. ↑ NRG (2018-10-17), Ontmanteling Lage Flux Reactor in Petten, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWMxlDQiB6A, retrieved 2018-11-12 
  29. ↑ Bogaardt, M., Brouwers, A. and van Hulst, G (1967). "De ATHENE-reactor voor de Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven". Atoomenergie en Haar Toepassingen 9 (6): 140–147. https://pure.tue.nl/ws/files/4378708/606547.pdf. 
  30. ↑ Bogaardt, M., Brouwers, A. (1967). Athene-Veiligheidsrapport (Report). Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven. https://pure.tue.nl/ws/files/4448888/9674.pdf. 
  31. ↑ D.H. Dodd, J.B. Grupa, M. Houkema, J.B.M. de Haas, Th. Van der Kaa & A.C. Veltkam (2000). "Direct Disposal of Spent Fuel from Test and Research Reactors in the Netherlands". COVRA Report. https://covra.nl/downloads/opera/CORA%2005%20Direct%20Disposal%20of%20Spent%20Fuel%20from%20Test%20and%20Research%20Reactors%20in%20the%20Netherlands.pdf. 
  32. ↑ "Spain dismantels research reactor" (in en). 11 September 1992. https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/377/spain-dismantels-research-reactor. 
  33. ↑ Salom, Barca; Xavier, Francesc (2000). "La política nuclear espanyola: el cas del reactor nuclear Argos". Quaderns d'Història de l'Enginyeria. ISSN 1135-934X. https://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2099/713. 
  34. ↑ Ortega, X.; Tapia, C.; Duch, M. Amor (2002). "Decommissioning of an argonaut type reactor at the Technical University of Catalonia in Barcelona (Spain)" (in English). Towards Harmonisation of Radiation Protection in Europe: European IRPA Congress 2002. http://inis.iaea.org/Search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:37115703. 
  35. ↑ Salom, Francesc X. Barca (2005). "Nuclear Power for Catalonia: The Role of the Official Chamber of Industry of Barcelona, 1953 – 1962" (in en). Minerva 43 (2): 163–181. doi:10.1007/s11024-005-2330-9. ISSN 0026-4695. 
  36. ↑ "Decommissioning of the Argonaut Experimental Reactor ARBI" (in English). Decommissioning of Small Medical, Industrial and Research Facilities: A Simplified Stepwise Approach. 2011. http://inis.iaea.org/Search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:43017528. 
  37. ↑ Shen, Li; Chang, Shin (1994-12-31). "The decommissioning of Tsing Hua Argonaut reactor". Transactions of the American Nuclear Society 70. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236492812. 
  38. ↑ Taiwan (R.O.C.) (December 2014). "National Report as referred to by the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management". IAEA. https://www.aec.gov.tw/english/radwaste/file/national_report_20070802.pdf. 
  39. ↑ Hill, Charles N (31 July 2013). "NESTOR". Atomic Empire, An: A Technical History Of The Rise And Fall Of The British Atomic Energy Programme. World Scientific. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-908977-44-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=t9C6CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA214. 
  40. ↑ "Nestor: a New Reactor at Winfrith". Nature 189 (4769): 969. 1961. doi:10.1038/189969a0. ISSN 0028-0836. 
  41. ↑ Decommissioning of research reactors : evolution, state of the art, open issues.. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. 2006. ISBN 978-9201126054. OCLC 71317149. 
  42. ↑ Lockwood, Rick; Beeley, Philip (1999). "The removal of the Jason reactor at Greenwich". Ingenia 10: 29–34. https://www.ingenia.org.uk/Ingenia/Articles/748b2f40-09ab-4b18-9276-dbe4f1b50e69. 
  43. ↑ Bond, Martin (5 November 2013). Nuclear Juggernaut: The transport of radioactive materials. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-05182-3. https://books.google.com/?id=ATUAAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=%22UTR-300%22+uk+nuclear+reactor#v=onepage&q=%22UTR-300%22+uk+nuc. 
  44. ↑ WILSON, HENRY W. (1965). "The Scottish Research Reactor Centre" (in En). Nature 205 (4966): 10–14. doi:10.1038/205010b0. ISSN 0028-0836. 
  45. ↑ Scott, R. D.; Banford, H. M.; East, B. W. (1997). "Defuelling of the UTR-300 research reactor" (in English). Ens RRFM '97. http://inis.iaea.org/Search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:35068351. 
  46. ↑ "Information released regarding to the decommissioning report for the nuclear research reactor at Queen Mary College in London". 2007-07-04. http://www.hse.gov.uk/foi/releases/queenmary230906.htm. Retrieved 21 May 2010. 
  47. ↑ "HSE document – Final report on decommissioning and delicensing of Queen Mary College Research Reactor dated 7 March 1984". http://www.hse.gov.uk/foi/releases/queenmary230906c.pdf. Retrieved 21 May 2010. 
  48. ↑ "Nuclear physics at the University of Manchester". http://www.dalton.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/history/index.html. Retrieved 2008-03-04. 
  49. ↑ Razey, M. (1964). "The Universities Research Reactor". Electronics and Power 10 (10): 372. doi:10.1049/ep.1964.0359. ISSN 0013-5127. 
  50. ↑ "United States of America: Research Reactor Details – UFTR UNIV. FLORIDA". http://www-naweb.iaea.org/napc/physics/research_reactors/database/RR%20Data%20Base/datasets/report/United%20States%20of%20America%20%20Research%20Reactor%20Details%20-%20UFTR_UNIVFLORIDA.html. 
  51. ↑ (in English) Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned in the United States as of December 31, 1970. 1971-10-31. doi:10.2172/4023739. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc864314/. 
  52. ↑ (in English) Nuclear Reactors Built, Being Built, or Planned in the United States as of December 31, 1966. 1967-10-31. doi:10.2172/4453953. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1031023/. 
  53. ↑ Folkrod, J.R.; Ember, G.; Kolb, W.; Saluja, J.; Moon, D.P. (1962-09-01) (in English). Design Summary Report on the Juggernaut Reactor. doi:10.2172/4715693. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1029860/m2/1/high_res_d/4715693.pdf. 
  54. ↑ Moon, D.P. (1962-07-01) (in English). Physics Analysis of the Juggernaut Reactor. doi:10.2172/4782203. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1057047/m2/1/high_res_d/4782203.pdf. 
  55. ↑ Sears, Frederick (May 1964). A TEMPERATURE STUDY OF THE V.P.I. TRAINING AND RESEARCH REACTOR (UTR-10) (Report). https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/77709/LD5655.V855_1964.S395.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. 
  56. ↑ "Nuclear Reactors in Virginia Other Than Dominion Power's Sites at Surry/North Anna". http://www.virginiaplaces.org/energy/nuclearother.html. 
  57. ↑ "Decommissioning UTR-10 – Nuclear Engineering International". https://www.neimagazine.com/features/featuredecommissioning-utr-10/. 
  58. ↑ "Small UCLA reactor used by students shut down in 1984 because of potential safety hazards, declining use". http://dailybruin.com/2011/03/30/small_ucla_reactor_used_by_students_shut_down_in_1984_because_of_potential_safety_hazards_declining_/. 

References

Further reading





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