Physics:Single-particle spectrum
The single-particle spectrum is a distribution of a physical quantity such as energy or momentum.
In formal Quantum field theory, a single-particle spectrum is defined as: "the spectrum of the operators of H, P on the space B."[1]
The study of particle spectra allows us to visualize the global picture of particle production.[2] This is especially helpful for visualizing the structure of nanoparticles.[3]
The existence of a "non-smooth" single-particle spectrum is a piece of evidence (proof) that the Fermi level exists.[4]
The spectrum are particles that are in space: "the single particle spectrum overlaps ... and the excitations of the electron gas becomes a particle."[5] This process uses Raman spectroscopy, developed by Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman.[3]
References
- ↑ Schwarz, Albert (2020). Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Field Theory. World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-327-864-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=QNPkDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Single-particle+spectrum%22+-wikipedia&pg=PT316. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
- ↑ Suess, David Townsend (2002). Single Particle Mass Spectrometry Combustion Source Characterization and Atmospheric Apportionment of Vehicular, Coal and Biofuel Exhaust Emissions. The University of California at Riverside. pp. 18–19. https://books.google.com/books?id=NihGIUfKF24C&q=%22Single-particle+spectrum%22+-wikipedia. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Penders, Jelle; Pence, Isaac J. (2018). "Single Particle Automated Raman Trapping Analysis". Nature Communications 9 (4256): 4256. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06397-6. PMID 30323298. Bibcode: 2018NatCo...9.4256P.
- ↑ Wong, Samuel S. M. (2024). Introductory Nuclear Physics. Wiley. p. 240. ISBN 9783527414451. https://books.google.com/books?id=CrYyEQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Single-particle+spectrum%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA240. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
- ↑ Madelung, O. (1969). Festkorper Probleme: Advances in Solid State Physics, Volume 9. Elsevier Science. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-4831-4591-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=xJQ3BQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Single-particle+spectrum%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA85. Retrieved June 4, 2025.
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