Place:Daquq
Daquq | |
|---|---|
Town | |
  Daquq Location in Iraq | |
| Coordinates: [ ⚑ ] : 35°8′18″N 44°26′55″E / 35.13833°N 44.44861°E | |
| Country |  Iraq |
| Governorate | Kirkuk Governorate |
| District | Daquq District |
Daquq (Arabic: داقوق,[1] Turkish: Dakuk or Tavuk,[2][3] Kurdish: داقووق, romanized: Daqûq,[4][5]), also known as Daqouq,[6] is the central town of Daquq District in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq. The town has a Kurdish and Turkmen majority,[7][8] and Arab minority.[9] It is part of the disputed territories of Northern Iraq.[10] The town is a major agricultural area.[11]
Early history
The name Daquq derives from the Neo-Assyrian word Diquqina.[12] Abul-Fath Mohammad bin Annaz, the founder of the Annazid dynasty, temporarily seized Daquq from Banu Oqayl in 998 AD.[13] Idris Bitlisi mentioned the town in his work Sharafnama from 1597 as a town being a source of naphtha.[14]
Modern history
Ottoman Midhat Pasha built the famous and intact Daquq bridge in 1883 making it easier for the Ottomans to travel southward.[15] In 1906, the town had about 1,000 people.[9]
In 1925, Daquq’s population was predominantly Turkmen.[16]
60% of the population was Kurdish in the 1947 census out of a population of 14,600.[17]
It experienced Arabization during the Saddam era in which Kurdish and Turkmen land was seized for Arab settlers.[11][18] After the fall of the Saddam regime, Kurds forced the Arab settlers out.[19]
In 2011, an estimated 7.3% of Daquq residents lived below the poverty line.[20]
On 21 October 2016, the International Coalition bombed a Muharram shrine, where 28 Turkmen civilians (25 woman and 3 children) were killed.[21]
Religion
Many of the Kurds are Kaka'i, while the Turkmen population is Shia.[18] The Kaka'i population reportedly experiences harassment and intimidation from the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) which has been controlling the town since 2017. On 21 March 2018, the Kaka'i shrine in the town was destroyed which the local Kaka'is blamed the PMF on.[22]
References
- ↑ ""داقوق"... بلدة تزدحم فيها صور الزعامات العراقية والإيرانية" (in ar). 15 August 2020. https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%22داقوق%22-بلدة-تزدحم-فيها-صور-الزعامات-العراقية-والإيرانية.
- ↑ "The Turkmen of Iraq". https://al-bab.com/minority-groups/turkmen.
- ↑ Yıldız, Tunahan (2016) (in tr). An ethnic group embedded in multiple identities: the case of Iraqi Turkmens in Turkey. Middle East Technical University. pp. 219. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12620357/index.pdf.
- ↑ "داقووق.. هێرشێكی داعش بۆ سه‌ر یاریگایه‌ك ژماره‌یه‌ك كوژراو و برینداری لێكه‌وته‌وه" (in ku). Peyam. https://www.peyam.net/Details/2731.
- ↑ "Tabeleya Partiya Komunîst a 'Kurdistan' hat daxistin" (in ku). Peyama Kurd. http://www.peyamakurd.com/kurmanci/Kurdistan/tabeleya-partiya-komunist-a-kurdistan-hat-daxistin.
- ↑ Halawa, Hafsa (16 March 2020). "The Forgotten Iraq". https://www.mei.edu/publications/forgotten-iraq.
- ↑ Sean, Kane (2011). "Iraq's disputed territories". p. 28. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW69_final.pdf. "Finally, Kirkuk’s three remaining major urban centers outside of Hawija—namely, Dibis center, Daquq center, and Kirkuk center—generally returned Kurdish majorities, albeit in the 50 percent to 60 percent range in 2010, indicating that they are not only geographically, but also politically, in between the southwest and northeast of the province."
- ↑ Merkezi (ORSAM), Ortadoğu Araştırmaları. ORSAM Analysis 203, Bilgay Duman, The Situation of Turkmens and The Turkmen Areas After ISIS. pp. 8. https://www.academia.edu/40261120. ""The result of Kurdish demographic policies in Daquq is that Kurds and Turkmens are almost in a 50% to 50% proportion."".
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Rasoul, Rasoul Muhammed (2017). History of Kirkuk from the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century until Becoming Part of the Iraqi Monarchy in 1925. University of Erfurt. pp. 5. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/224744195.pdf.
- ↑ "Two 'senior' ISIS militants killed in Daquq dawn raid: Iraqi counter terrorism forces". Rûdaw. 7 September 2020. https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/iraq/07092020.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Sean, Kane (2011). "Iraq's disputed territories". p. 30. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/PW69_final.pdf.
- ↑ "saao/saa14 qpn-x-ethnic Glossary". http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/saa14/cbd/qpn-x-ethnic/onebigfile.html.
- ↑ "ANNAZIDS". Encyclopedia Iranica. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/annazids-banu-annaz-a-kurdish-dynasty-r. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
- ↑ (in fr) Chèref-Nâmeh ou Fastes de la Nation kourde. Eggers et Cie. 1868. pp. 207.
- ↑ "كركوك.. جسر "داقوق" العثماني صامد منذ 137 عاما" (in ar). Anadolu Agency. https://www.aa.com.tr/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83-%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%B1-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B0-137-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7/1989252.
- ↑ Question of the Frontier between Turkey and Iraq - League of Nations. 1925. pp. 38.
- ↑ C. J. Edmonds (1957). Kurds, Turks and Arabs, Politics, Travel and Research in North-Eastern Iraq, 1919-1925. Oxford University Press. p. 438. https://books.google.com/books?id=Qm26AAAAIAAJ. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Derzsi-Horváth, András (2017). "Iraq after ISIL: Kirkuk". GPPi. https://www.gppi.net/2017/08/30/iraq-after-isil-kirkuk.
- ↑ "Chronology of Events in Iraq, June 2003*". 16 February 2004. p. 1. https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/40322d254.pdf.
- ↑ "Archived copy". http://www.iau-iraq.org/documents/472/GP-Kirkuk%202013.pdf.
- ↑ "داقوق، مجزرة اخرى ضد التركمان بغطاء دولي وتواطيء محلي" (in ar). SotIraq. 23 October 2016. http://www.sotaliraq.com/latestarticles.php?id=217895#axzz4NwNcJiNe.
- ↑ "Iraq 2018 - International Religious Freedom Report". pp. 9 & 18. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/IRAQ-2018-INTERNATIONAL-RELIGIOUS-FREEDOM-REPORT.pdf. "The Kaka’i community in Daquq, Kirkuk Governorate, continued to suffer harassment and intimidation..."
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