Place:Hargaya

From HandWiki

Hargaya (Harari: ሀርጋየ Härgayä) was a historical Muslim state in present-day eastern Ethiopia.[1][2][3] It was located east of the Awash River on the Harar plateau in Adal alongside Gidaya and Hubat states.[4][5][6] It neighbored other polities in the medieval era including Ifat, Fedis, Mora, Biqulzar and Kwelgora.[7]

History

The people of Hargaya were reportedly a sub clan of the Harla people.[8][9] In the fourteenth century Hargaya elected Imam Salih to battle the forces of Abyssinian emperor Amda Seyon I.[10] According to the fifteenth century emperor of Ethiopia's Baeda Maryam I chronicle, Hargaya's ruler took the title Garad.[11]

According to sixteenth century Adal writer Arab Faqīh, the people of Hargaya fought in the army of Ahmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi leader of Adal Sultanate.[12][13] Amelie Chekroun states Hargaya people in the Futuh al-Habasha text were presented as an independent group not associated with the Somalis.[14] Historian Merid Wolde Aregay deduced that the Hargaya state language was Harari.[15] In the later half of the sixteenth century Hargaya state would be ravaged by the Oromo invasions.[16][17] Researcher Mahdi Gadid states Hargaya alongside Gidaya domains were primarily inhabited by the Harari people before being assimilated by the Oromo and Somali people.[18][19]

An Oromo Garad of Hargaya and a Malak of the Nole community were among the governors of the area, according to the Emirate of Harar's 19th-century documents.[20]

References

  1. ↑ Freeman-Grenville, G. S. P. (1991). The New Atlas of African History. Macmillan. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-333-55900-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=QdRKAAAAYAAJ. 
  2. ↑ Loimeier, Roman (5 June 2013). Muslim Societies in Africa A Historical Anthropology. Indiana University Press. p. 184. ISBN 9780253007971. https://books.google.com/books?id=dR5yCmUejWEC&dq=hargaya+gidaya&pg=PA184. 
  3. ↑ Marcus, Harold (22 February 2002). A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press. p. 272. ISBN 9780520925427. https://books.google.com/books?id=hCpttQcKW7YC&dq=hargaya+gidaya&pg=PA272. 
  4. ↑ Braukamper, Ulrich (2002). Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia. Lit. p. 33. ISBN 9783825856717. https://books.google.com/books?id=HGnyk8Pg9NgC&dq=sub+provinces+of+adal+:hubat&pg=PA33. 
  5. ↑ Tamrat, Tadesse (1968). Church and state. University of London. p. 238. doi:10.25501/SOAS.00028644. https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28644/1/10672804.pdf. 
  6. ↑ Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. University of California Press. 1992. p. 711. ISBN 978-0-435-94811-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=_dj9RRrvYjkC&q=hargaya+&pg=PA711. 
  7. ↑ Hirsch, Bertrand (2020). "Le récit des guerres du roi ʿAmda Ṣeyon contre les sultanats islamiques, fiction épique du XVe siècle". Médiévales (79): 107. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27092794. 
  8. ↑ Mohammed, Ayantu. Mapping Historical Traces: Methogensis, Identity and the Representation of the Harela: A Historical and Anthropological Inquiry. Wollo University. p. 111. http://repository.smuc.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/3028/1/Ayantu%20Mohammed.pdf. 
  9. ↑ WONDIMU, ALEMAYEHU. A CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE HARARI PEOPLE. Jimma University. p. 1. https://repository.ju.edu.et/bitstream/handle/123456789/803/Edd.%20Ful.%20%20His.%20RES.%207%20Alemayehu%2020099.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. 
  10. ↑ Chekroun, Amelie. Le Futūḥ al-Ḥabaša Écriture de l'histoire, guerre et société dans le Bar Sa'ad ad-dīn. e l’Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. p. 198. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01134623/document. 
  11. ↑ Garad. Encyclopedia Aethiopica. https://en.sewasew.com/p/ga-rad-(%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AB%E1%8B%B5). 
  12. ↑ Oliver, Roland (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa: From c. 500 B.C. to A.D. 1050. Cambridge University Press. p. 170. ISBN 9780521209816. https://books.google.com/books?id=GWjxR61xAe0C&dq=the+harla,+the+hargay,+the+shoa+and+geday&pg=PA170. 
  13. ↑ Ethiopianist Notes. African Studies Center, Michigan State University.. 1977. p. 24. https://books.google.com/books?id=dLJWAAAAYAAJ&q=hargaya+gidaya. 
  14. ↑ Chekroun, Amelie. Le Futūḥ al-Ḥabaša : Écriture de l’histoire, guerre et société dans le Bar Sa’ad ad-dīn (Éthiopie, XVIe siècle). p. 192. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/46817155.pdf. 
  15. ↑ Aregay, Merid (1974). Political Geography of Ethiopia at the beginning of the Sixteenth Century. Accademia nazionale dei Lincei. p. 624. https://books.google.com/books?id=bu7QAAAAMAAJ&q=sim+hargay+gedaya. 
  16. ↑ Cerulli, Enrico. Islam yesterday and today. p. 178. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1g-LkxaXWZopjLCFEuWm8wnly2lh4WvFp/view. 
  17. ↑ Zekaria, Ahmed (1997). "SOME NOTES ON THE ACCOUNT-BOOK OF AMĪR ʿABD AL-SHAKŪR B. YŪSUF (1783-1794) OF HARAR". Sudanic Africa (Brill) 8: 18. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25653296. 
  18. ↑ Gidaya. Encyclopedia Aethiopica. https://en.sewasew.com/p/gidaya-(%E1%8C%8D%E1%8B%B3%E1%8B%AB). 
  19. ↑ Ogot, Bethwell (1992). Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. James Currey. p. 711. ISBN 978-0-435-94811-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=_dj9RRrvYjkC&dq=gidaya+hargaya&pg=PA711. 
  20. ↑ Garad, Abdurahman (1990). Harar Wirtschaftsgeschichte eines Emirats im Horn von Afrika (1825-75). P. Lang. p. 54. ISBN 978-3-631-42492-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_gwAAAAMAAJ&q=Harar:+Wirtschaftsgeschichte+des+Emirats+im+Horn+von+Afrika+(1825-75). 




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