Social:Koryak language

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Short description: Chukotko-Kamchatkan language of Kamchatka, Russia
Koryak
чавʼчывэн čawčyven; чавʼчываелыел čawčyvajelyjel
Koryak language in Koryak with transliteration
Native toRussia
RegionKoryak Okrug
Ethnicity7,485 Koryaks
Native speakers
1,665, 21% of ethnic population (2010 census)[1]
Chukotko-Kamchatkan
  • Chukotkan
    • Koryak
Dialects
  • Chavchuven Koryak
  • Apuka Koryak
  • Kamen Koryak
  • Paren Koryak
  • Itkan Koryak[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3kpy
Glottologkory1246[3]
Pre-contact distribution of Koryak (purple) and other Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages
Koryak is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.[4]

Koryak (/ˈkɔːriæk/ KOR-ee-ak), also known as Nymylan, Chavchuven and Koræiki,[5] is a Chukotko-Kamchatkan language spoken by 1,665 people as of 2010[1] in the easternmost extremity of Siberia, mainly in Koryak Okrug. It is mostly spoken by Koryaks. Its close relative, the Chukchi language, is spoken by about three times that number. The language together with Chukchi, Alyutor and Itelmen forms the Chukotko-Kamchatkan language family.[6] Its native name in Koryak is нымылан nymylan, but variants of the Russian name "Koryak" are most commonly used in English and other languages. The Chukchis and Koryaks form a cultural unit with an economy based on reindeer herding and both have autonomy within Russia.

Phonology

Koryak vowels
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ɛ ə o
Open a
Koryak consonants
Bilabial Labiodental Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal
Plosive p t c k q
Fricative β v ɣ ʕ
Affricate t͡ʃ
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Liquid l ʎ
Approximant j

[w] may be an allophone of /β/.[7]

Orthography

А а Б б В в Вʼ вʼ Г г Гʼ гʼ Д д Е е
Ё ё Ж ж З з И и Й й К к Ӄ ӄ Л л
М м Н н Ӈ ӈ О о П п Р р С с Т т
У у Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Ш ш Щ щ Ъ ъ
Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Population of the Russian Federation by Languages (in Russian)". 2010. http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol4/pub-04-05.pdf. 
  2. ↑ "KORYAK LANGUAGE" (in ru). https://old.bigenc.ru/linguistics/text/5229944. 
  3. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Koryak". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/kory1246. 
  4. ↑ "Koryak in Russian Federation". UNESCO WAL. https://en.wal.unesco.org/countries/russian-federation/languages/koryak. 
  5. ↑ "Koryak". LINGUIST List. http://multitree.org/codes/kpy.html. 
  6. ↑ Concise encyclopedia of languages of the world. Brown, E. K., Ogilvie, Sarah. (1st ed.). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. 2009. pp. 239–241. ISBN 9780080877754. OCLC 318247422. 
  7. ↑ Zhukova, A. N. (1972). Grammatika Korjakskogo Jazyka: Fonetika, Morfologia.. Moscow: Akademia Nauk SSSR. 

Further reading

  • Bogoras, Waldemar, and Franz Boas. Koryak Texts. Leyden: E.J. Brill, 1917.
  • Comrie, Bernard. Inverse Verb Forms in Siberia Evidence from Chukchee, Koryak and Kamchadal. Amsterdam: Bibliotheek v.h. Inst. voor Algemene Taalwetenschap v.d. Univ. van Amsterdam], 1985.
  • Zhukova, A. N., and Tokusu Kurebito. Базовый тематический словарь корякско-чукотских языков [Basic topical dictionary of the Koryak-Chukchi languages]. Tokyo, Japan: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 2004.
  • Campbell, George L. and Gareth King. "Compendium of the World's Languages". 2013. ISBN 4-87297-896-X




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