Social:Leaderism
The Russian political term leaderism (Russian: вождизм, vozhdism) means "a policy directed at the affirmation/confirmation of one person in the role of an indisputable or infallible leader".[1] Manifestations of vozhdism include clientelism, nepotism, tribalism, and messianism.[2] Forms of leaderism include Italian Fascism, Führerprinzip, Stalinism, Maoism, and Juche. According to Nikolai Berdyaev (1874-1948), Leninism represented a new type of leaderism, featuring a leader of masses having dictatorship powers, while Joseph Stalin as vozhd exemplifies an ultimate type of such a Supreme leader.[3]
In communist phraseology the term "leaderism" occurs as a pejorative, in opposition to the officially proclaimed "principle of collective leadership".[4][5][6]
Some modern Russian authors have implied that the régimes of Mikheil Saakashvili,[7] Islamic leaders,[8] and Vladimir Putin[9] represent types of leaderist societies.
See also
References
- ↑ Viktor Ruchkin. S I Ozhegov, Slovar’ Russkogo Yazyka, Moscow 1978 via [1]
- ↑ Вождизм article on Mir Slovarey site (in Russian)
- ↑ Berdyaev, Nikolai. "IPage" (in Russian). http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/philos/berdyaev/berdn015.htm. "Сталин уже вождь-диктатор в современном, фашистском смысле."
- ↑ Slobodan Stanković , "The End of the Tito Era: Yugoslavia's Dilemmas", 1981, p. 59
- ↑ "The Economist". 1979. https://books.google.com/books?id=ti3WAAAAIAAJ&q=leaderism.
- ↑ Fitzpatrick, Sheila (4 March 1999). Everyday Stalinism: ordinary life in extraordinary times: Soviet Russia in the 1930s. Oxford University Press, USA (published 1999). p. 30. ISBN 9780195050004. https://books.google.com/books?id=QS6IlPQf6owC. Retrieved 2016-01-24. "Sometimes local personality cults were attributed to the backwardness of the population and 'leaderism' was treated as an ethnic disease."
- ↑ Вирус вождизма Krasnaya Zvezda 13 August 2008 (in Russian)
- ↑ Вожди и лидеры. Вождизм by Dmitry Olshansky (in Russian)
- ↑ Путин играет мускулами и добивается нового мирового порядка Kommersant 19 January 2009 (in Russian)
ja:ヴォジュディズム ru:Вождизм
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