Social:List of Soviet and Russian assassinations

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Short description: List of Soviet and Russian assassinations

This is a list of people confirmed to have been assassinated by governments of the Soviet Union and Russian Federation. Some of the assassinations or targeted killings took place overseas.

This list does not include suspected assassinations of political opponents who died in mysterious circumstances.[1]

Target Position Date City Country Killer Method
Fyodor Kokoshkin member of the First Russian State Duma 1918-01-20 Leningrad  Russian SFSR Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee
Nikolay Vtorov Russian industrialist. 1918-05-20 Moscow Bolsheviks Unknown.[2]
Nicholas II last Tsar of Russia 1918-07-17 Yekaterinburg Cheka Execution.[3]
Francis Cromie British naval attaché 1918-08-31 Petrograd Bolsheviks Killed in combat.
Alexander Dutov Russian Cossacks 1921-02-07 Suiding China Bolsheviks
Sidney Reilly British MI6 spy 1925-11-05 Moscow  Soviet Union OGPU Execution.
Pyotr Wrangel Russian White Army General 1928-04-25 Brussels  Belgium Soviet agent Poisoning.
Alexander Kutepov White Army General 1930-01-26 Paris  France OGPU
Noe Ramishvili former Prime Minister of Georgia 1930-12-07
Sergey Kirov First Secretary of the Leningrad City Bolsheviks 1934-12-01 Leningrad  Soviet Union NKVD Shot by revolver.
Juliet Stuart Poyntz CPUSA member and soviet intelligence agent 1937-06-03 New York City  United States Possible execution.[4]
Georges Agabekov defected OGPU agent 1937-08-?? Pyrenees Mountains Unsure French or Spanish side
Ignace Reiss Soviet spy 1937-09-04 Lausanne   Switzerland Strangulation and/or machine gun.
Lev Sedov Leon Trotsky's eldest son 1938-02-16 Paris  France
Yevhen Konovalets Leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 1938-05-23 Rotterdam  Netherlands Explosive hidden in box of chocolates.
Rudolf Klement Senior official in the Fourth International and longtime confidant of Trotsky 1938-07-13 Paris  France Unknown. Possible beheading.
Yevgeny Miller General in the White Army 1939-05-11 Moscow  Soviet Union Tortured and shot.
Zinaida Reich Soviet actress 1939-07-15 Moscow  Soviet Union Stabbing.
Leon Trotsky Soviet politician and Marxist revolutionary theorist 1940-08-21 Coyoacán  Mexico Exsanguination from attack by ice pick.
Nikolai Koltsov Soviet biologist 1940-12-02 Leningrad  Soviet Union Poisoning.
Walter Krivitsky defected Soviet intelligence officer 1941-02-10 Washington, D.C.  United States Shot by revolver.[5]
Mairbek Sheripov Chechen nationalist 1942-11-07 Chechnya  Soviet Union Soviet security force Soviet reprisal raid.
Wilhelm Kube Generalkommissar of Weissruthenien 1943-09-22 Minsk  Soviet Union Yelena Mazanik Timed explosive.
Solomon Mikhoels Soviet actor and the artistic director of the Moscow State Jewish Theatre. 1948-01-13 MGB
Khasan Israilov Chechen nationalist 1944-12-29 Chechnya Soviet security force
Konstantin Volkov Soviet diplomat and NKVD officer 1945-09-?? Istanbul  Turkey NKVD Disappeared from his post.
Leonid Karas Belarusian writer and journalist for Radio Liberty 1954-09-?? Munich  West Germany KGB Drowning.[6]
Abdurrahman Fatalibeyli Defected Soviet army major; CIA agent and later chief of the Azerbaijani desk for Radio Liberty 1954-11-22 Strangulation.
Lev Rebet Leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 1957-10-10 Poisoning with vapor gun.
Imre Nagy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Hungary 1958-06-16 Budapest Template:Country data Hungarian People's Republic Soviet show trial Execution.
Stepan Bandera[7] Leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 1959-10-15 Munich  West Germany KGB Poisoning by cyanide gas.
Mohammed Daoud Khan President of Afghanistan 1978-04-28 Kabul Afghanistan KGB / PDPA
  • KGB was most likely involved as the Saur Revolution was a Soviet-backed coup
Georgi Markov Bulgarian dissident journalist 1978-09-11 London  United Kingdom KGB Poisoning by ricin-filled pellet. (See Umbrella Murder)
Hafizullah Amin President of Afghanistan 1979-12-27 Kabul Afghanistan Targeted assault on the Tajbeg Palace (see: Operation Storm-333)
Sultan Ibraimov Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan 1980-12-04 Cholpon Ata  Soviet Union Shot twice in the head.
Korean Air Lines Flight 007 269 passengers and crew 1983-09-01 Sea of Japan

(near Moneron Island)

Soviet Air Force Downed by missile.
Nikolay Suleimanov Boss of Chechen Mafia 1994-12-?? Moscow  Russia Russian Mafia Shot by contract killer.
Choe Deok-geun[8] South Korean consular official for the Russian Far East 1996-10-01 Vladivostok Poisoning.
Akhmadov brothers[9] Chechen generals and high-ranking military commanders 1999-2002 (7 brothers killed) Dagestan

Chechnya

FSB
Ruslan Alikhadzhiyev Chairman of the Parliament of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria 2000-05-17 Shali Forcibly disappeared, possibly tortured to death.
Apti Abitayev[10] Prime suspect in the 1998 kidnapping incident 2001-05-06 Somewhere in Russia
Dzhokhar Dudayev President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria 1996-04-21 Chechnya Russian Air Force Attack by two laser-guided missiles.
Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev 2004-02-13 Doha  Qatar SVR / GRU Explosive placed on private SUV.[11]
Aslan Maskhadov 2005-03-08 Tolstoy-Yurt, Chechnya  Russia FSB FSB special forces raid. Grenade thrown in hiding bunker.
Abdul-Halim Sadulayev 2006-06-17 Argun, Chechnya FSB police raid. Hand grenade thrown through window (disputed).[12][13]
Arbi Barayev Leader of Special Purpose Islamic Regiment 2001-06-22 Alkhan-Kala, Chechnya FSB special forces raid. Possibly tortured to death.[14]
Ibn al-Khattab Emir of the Arab Mujahideen in Chechnya 2002-03-20 Chechnya Poisoning with poisoned letter.[15]
Abu al-Walid 2004-04-16 Chechnya Ambushed by FSB snipers.[16]
Abu Hafs al-Urduni 2006-11-26 Chechnya FSB Special forces raid.[17]
Muhannad 2011-04-21 Chechnya FSB search & destroy operation.
Abdulla Kurd 2011-05-03 Chechnya Shot during FSB scout operation.
Turpal-Ali Atgeriyev Deputy Prime Minister and National Security Minister of Chechnya 2002-08-18 Yekaterinburg Unknown Russian agents Possibly tortured to death.[18]
Salman Raduyev Chechen separatist warlord and rebel commander 2002-12-14 Solikamsk Possibly executed in prison.[18][19]
Ruslan Gelayev Deputy Prime Minister of Chechnya 2004-02-28 Bezhta, Dagestan (ru), Dagestan Border Security Service Shot by rifle during gunfight, died from exsanguination after cutting off his hand.
Abdourahman al-Zarki[20] Leader of the foreign volunteers unit in the North Caucasus 2000-??-?? Chechnya FSB
Абу Умар Мухаммед ас-Сайяф (ru) Senior leader of the Arab Mujahideen in Chechnya and Ibn al-Khattab's deputy 2001-07-11 Mayrtup, Chechnya
Aslambek Abdulkhadzhiev Field commander of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria and deputy of Shamil Basayev 2002-08-26 Shali
Mahmud Hisham al-Hennawi[21] One of the founders of EIJ and Al-Qaeda affiliate 2005-??-?? Chechnya FSB special forces raid.[22]
Magomedzagir Akayev Senior commander of Shariat Jamaat 2005-01-15 Kaspiysk, Dagestan
Abu Omar al-Kuwaiti Al-Qaeda agent and involved in Beslan school siege 2005-02-16 Ingushetia FSB special forces raid.[23]
Rizvan Chitigov Senior Chechen intelligence chief and alleged CIA agent 2005-03-23 Shali, Chechnya FSB special forces raid.[24]
Akhmed Avdorkhanov Head of security for President Aslan Maskhadov 2005-09-19 Somewhere in Chechnya FBS special forces raid.
Abu Omar al-Saif[25] Mufti of Arab fighters in Chechnya and Al-Qaeda affiliate 2005-12-10 Dagestan
Shamil Basayev Most senior Chechen military commander and overall leader of all Chechen rebel factions 2006-07-10 Ingushetia Mine-explosive (possibly remotely detonated).[26]
Aliev Nurov Senior Chechen rebel 2006-08-?? Chechnya
Amir Khayrullah (Suleiman Imurzayev) Senior Chechen commander and prime suspect of the 2004 Grozny stadium bombing 2007-04-05 Grozny, Chechnya
Khura-Magomed Ramazanov Senior Islamic cleric 2007-07-26 Makhachkala, Dagestan
Ratmir Shameyev[27] Senior Chechen militants 2011-04-29 Progress, Stavropol Krai Killed in gunfight.[28]
Aslanbek Khamurzov[27]
Alexander Litvinenko Defected lieutenant colonel of FSB 2006-11-23 London  United Kingdom SVR Poisoning with radionuclide polonium-210.[29]
Umar Israilov Ex bodyguard of Ramzan Kadyrov / Critic of the Chechen government 2009-01-13 Vienna  Austria Shot twice in the head after trying to flee.[30]
Movladi Baisarov Ex commander of the Special Battalion Vostok 2006-11-18 Moscow  Russia Kadyrovtsy Shot by automatic weapons.
Sulim Yamadayev Lieutenant Colonel of Special Battalion Vostok 2009-03-28 (Died 03–30) Dubai  United Arab Emirates Shot in the neck.
Said Buryatsky Commander of Riyad-us Saliheen Brigade of Martyrs's suicide bombers brigade 2010-03-02 Ekazhevo, Ingushetia  Russia FSB / MVD
Yassir al-Sudani Commander of Caucasus Emirate 2010-06-08 Vedeno, Chechnya
Eldar Magatov[31] Senior Islamist militant 2014-01-21 likely Dagestan Russian police and pro-government militia
Vakha Arsanov Vice president of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria 2005-05-15 Ivanovo Either shot during gunfight or tortured to death in private prison.
Supyan Abdullayev 2011-03-28 Ingushetia Russian Air Force Targeted airstrike.
Zaurbek Avdorkhanov[32] Field commander of Caucasus Emirate 2012-07-31 Galashki, Ingushetia FSB
Ibragim Avdorkhanov[32] Chechen separatists and part of 2010 Tsentoroy attack
Ayub Khaladov[32]
Dokka Umarov Emir of the Caucasus Emirate 2013-09-07 Ingushetia Poisoning.
Aliaskhab Kebekov 2015-04-19 Buynaksk, Dagestan FSB security forces raid.[33]
Magomed Suleimanov 2015-08-11 Gimry, Dagestan FSB security forces raid.[34]
Zalim Shebzukhov 2016-08-17 Saint Petersburg FSB security forces raid.[35]
Rasul Makasharipov Emir of Vilayat Dagestan 2005-07-06 Makhachkala, Dagestan FSB special forces raid.[36]
Rappani Khalilov 2007-09-17 Novy Sulak, Dagestan FSB special forces raid. Killed by gunfight and/or collapse of residence by tanks.[37]
Abdul Madzhid 2008-09-07 Magaramkentsky, Dagestan Ambushed by FSB special forces.
Omar Sheikhulayev 2009-02-05 outside Makhachkala, Dagestan Killed in gunfight with FSB security forces.
Umalat Magomedov 2009-12-31 Khasavyurt, Dagestan FSB security forces raid.
Magomed Vagabov 2010-08-21 Gunib, Dagestan FSB special forces raid.
Israpil Velijanov 2011-04-18 Dagestan FSB security forces raid.
Ibragimkhalil Daudov 2012-02-14 Dagestan Died from wounds and exposure after fleeing from FSB security forces raid.
Rustam Asildarov 2016-12-03 near Makhachkala, Dagestan FSB special forces raid.
Said Kharakansky 2017-02-07 Dagestan
Muslim Atayev Emir of Vilayat KBK 2005-01-27 Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria Cornered and killed by FSB police force.
Anzor Astemirov 2010-03-24 Killed in gunfight with FSB officers after routine identity check.
Asker Dzhappuyev 2011-04-29 Progress Stavropol Krai
Alim Zankishiev 2012-03-27 Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria FSB security forces raid.[38]
Khuseyn Gakayev Commander of Vilayat Nokhchicho (Eastern Sector) 2013-01-24 Vedeno, Chechnya Killed in gunfight after FSB scout operation.
Dzhamaleyl Mutaliyev[39] Emir of Vilayat Galgayche 2013-05-21 Nazran
Arthur Getagazhev 2014-05-24 Sagopshi, Ingushetia FSB security forces raid.
Beslan Makhauri[40] 2015-10-31 Nazran
Ilyas Vedzizhev[40] Insurgent of Vilayat Galgayche
Zaur Prokopchuk Senior Caucasus Emirate militant 2015-04-16 Nalchik
Robert Zankishiev Head of Kabardino-Balkaria's terrorist organization 2015-11-10 Unknown
Iyad al-Deek[41] Captain of FSA 2015-09-30 northern Homs  Syria Russian Air Force
2 senior ISIL commanders[42] ISIS field commanders 2015-10-8/9 Raqqa province
Basil Zamo[43] Commander of 1st Coastal Division 2015-10-20 Jabal al-Akrad, Latakia
ISIS field commanders 2015-11-17/18 Aleppo province
Muhammad ibn Khayrat[citation needed]
Moder Abdul Salam Hamdoun[44] Senior commander of Thuwar al-Sham Brigades 2015-12-??
Zahran Alloush[45] Commander of Jaysh al-Islam 2015-12-25 Utaya, Rif Dimashq
Nimr al-Shukri[46] Military commander of Ahrar ash-Sham of Aleppo 2016-02-09 Northern Aleppo
Abu Abdollah Jabal[47] Senior commander of Al-Nusra Front 2016-06-22 Northwestern Aleppo
Abul Baha al-Asfari[citation needed] Field commander of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham 2016-11-16 Idlib
(Real Estate Chief of “al-Khair State”)[48] ISIL emir of Deir Ezzor 2017-01-?? Deir Ezzor
Abu Rida al-Turkestani[49][50] Leader of Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria 2017-01-12 Ariha, Idlib
Gulmurod Khalimov[51] ISIL war minister 2017-09-08 Deir ez-Zor
Abu Muhammad al-Shimali[51] Emir of Deir ez-Zor
Abu Sulman al-Saudi[52][better source needed] Chief of southern sector in Idlib province 2017-09-27 Idlib province
Abu al-Abbas Anadin[52][better source needed] Emir on financial issues (war minister)
Abu Hasan[52][better source needed] Adviser to military minister Abu Muhammad Al-julani
Walid al-Mustafa[52][better source needed] Aide to spiritual leader Abdallah al-Muheisni
Abu Mudjagid[52][better source needed] Sharia judge
Abu Islam Al-Kazaki[citation needed] Senior ISIL member 2017-10-02 East bank of the Euphrates,

Deir ez-Zor

Ahmad al-Ghizai[53] Security service chief of Jabhat al-Nusra 2017-10-3 Specific location undisclosed
Husem Mahzum[53] Field commander of Jabhat al-Nusra
Ahmad Khalez Ali al-Zawawi[53]
Alaa Al Din Al Shishani[54] Senior ISIL commanders 2017-10-5/6 Abu Kamal
Salah Al Din Al Shishani[54]
Salakhuddin Shishani[55] Emir of Jaysh Usrah 2017-12-17 northern Hama province
Abu Mohammad Saif[56] Commander of Failaq al-Rahman 2018-03-14 Eastern Ghouta
Abu Mohammed Jobar[56]
Abu Omar al Dayk[57] Commander of Faylaq al-Sham 2019-07-19 Northern Latakia
Abu Riad al-Deiri[58] Senior leader of FSA 2019-08-06 north of Latakia
Mohammad Husein Qasem[59] Commander of Faylaq al-Sham 2019-08-19 Northwestern province of Idlib Targeted air-strike.[60]
Murad Akhmetovich Margoshvili[61] commander of Junud al-Sham 2021-12-11 Jisr al-Shughour Targeted air-strike.
Ali Osaev[62] Istanbul representative of the Caucasus Emirate 2009-02-26 Istanbul  Turkey SVR
Berg-Hadj Musayev[62] Senior chechen separatists 2011-09-16 Shot.[63]
Zaurbek Amriyev[62]
Rustam Altemirov[62]
Abdullah Bukhari[64] Usbek-chechen Islamic cleric 2014-12-10 Shot with a handgun.[63]
Abdulvahid Edelgiriev[63] Chechen commander during the Chechen-Russian conflict 2015-11-01 Başakşehir, İstanbul Province Shot while fleeing and stabbed in the neck.[63]
Ruslan Israpilov[63] Chechen fighter during the Chechen-Russian conflict 2016-05-11 Kocaeli Province, Turkey Shot in the head, neck and heart.[63]
Oleksandr Kharaberiush SBU colonel 2017-03-31 Mariupol  Ukraine SVR / FSB
Yurii Vitalyevich Voznyi (Yuri Vozny) 2017-06-27 Kostiantynivka
Maksym Shapoval HUR MOU colonel Kyiv Explosive placed underneath private car.
Timur Makhauri (aka Ali Timaiev)[65][66] Chechen battalion commander / fighter 2017-09-08 Explosive placed on car.[67][68]
Zelimkhan Khangoshvili Military commander of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria and Western intelligence agent 2019-08-23 Berlin  Germany GRU[69] Shot twice in the head with a Glock 26 by a Russian contract killer.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Here are 10 critics of Vladimir Putin who died violently or in suspicious ways
  2. ↑ "Nikolai Vtorov – the richest man of Russian history". 17 January 2016. https://beautifulrus.com/nikolai-vtorov-the-richest-man-of-russian-history/. 
  3. ↑ "The Execution of Tsar Nicholas II, 1918". http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/nicholas.htm. 
  4. ↑ "The Disappearance of Juliet Stuart Poyntz". 13 June 2019. https://nursingclio.org/2019/06/13/the-disappearance-of-juliet-stuart-poyntz/. 
  5. ↑ "Заказчик убийства — Сталин (тайные убийства по команде Кремля)". 2 January 2010. https://echo.msk.ru/programs/staliname/645178-echo/. 
  6. ↑ "The Fight for Press Freedom | Leonid Karas". https://pressfreedom.news/english/journalist/obituary/leonid-karas.html. 
  7. ↑ Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB, Basic Books, 1999. ISBN:0-465-00312-5, p. 362.
  8. ↑ Jeong, Hoe-sang (1996-10-17), "최덕근 영사, 러시아 마피아가 살해했다?", Sisa Journal, http://www.sisapress.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=4231, retrieved 2007-06-01 
  9. ↑ Узел, Кавказский. "In Turkey, police releases Uvais Akhmadov". https://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/18681/. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  10. ↑ "archive.ph". http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1330225/News-in-brief.html. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  11. ↑ "Ex-Chechen president dies in blast". https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna4261459#.XpbYYsgzbDc. 
  12. ↑ "CNN.com - Report: Chechen Rebel chief killed - Jun 17, 2006". http://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/europe/06/17/chechnya.rebel/index.html. 
  13. ↑ "The Jamestown Foundation". http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=414&issue_id=3774&article_id=2371208. 
  14. ↑ "The Background of Chechen Independence Movement VI: From the Dubrovka Theatre to "Black Widows"". http://users.jyu.fi/~aphamala/pe/2003/tsets-6.htm. 
  15. ↑ Kramer, Andrew E. (20 August 2016). "More of Kremlin's Opponents Are Ending up Dead". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/21/world/europe/moscow-kremlin-silence-critics-poison.html. 
  16. ↑ McGregor, Andrew (February 1, 2005). "ABU HAFS AL-URDANI: THE QUIET MUJAHID". http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=27481. 
  17. ↑ Andrew McGregor. "Death of a Jordanian Mujahid: Abu Hafs al-Urdani". North Caucasus Weekly. The Jamestown Foundation. https://jamestown.org/program/death-of-a-jordanian-mujahid-abu-hafs-al-urdani-2/. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Russia: Relatives, Chechen Leaders Question Official Version Of Raduev's Death". https://www.rferl.org/a/1101688.html. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  19. ↑ "Russians attempt to conceal Raduyev's murder - Kavkazcenter.com". http://kavkazcenter.net/eng/content/2002/12/16/673.shtml. 
  20. ↑ "Emir Muhannad: The Last of Chechnya's Arab Volunteers". The Jamestown Foundation. 29 April 2011. http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1. 
  21. ↑ Global Terror Alert, Death of Senior EIJ Member Mahmud Hisham al-Hennawi Reported in the Caucasus, May 2005
  22. ↑ "Archived copy". http://www.globalterroralert.com/pdf/0505/chechnya0505.pdf. 
  23. ↑ "World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Suspected Qaeda Operative Dead". The New York Times. 22 February 2005. https://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/22/world/world-briefing-europe-russia-suspected-qaeda-operative-dead.html. 
  24. ↑ "SEVERAL MAJOR REBEL COMMANDERS REPORTEDLY KILLED". https://jamestown.org/program/several-major-rebel-commanders-reportedly-killed-2/. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  25. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://www.jamestown.org/programs/nca/single/?tx_ttnews%5btt_news%5d=3107&tx_ttnews%5bbackPid%5d=187&no_cache=1. 
  26. ↑ "Шамиля Басаева узнают по рукам и ноге". Коммерсантъ. 12 July 2006. http://kommersant.ru/doc/689415. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Clashes in Russia's Caucasus Kill 10 Rebels , Reuters , 29 April 2011
  28. ↑ "Balkar, Kabardian Insurgent Leaders Reported Killed". April 29, 2011. https://www.rferl.org/a/balkar_kabardian_insurgent_leaders_reported_killed/16797920.html. 
  29. ↑ "Litvinenko: A deadly trail of polonium". BBC News. 28 July 2015. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-33678717. 
  30. ↑ "A Killing in Vienna and the Chechen Connection". https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/killing-vienna-and-chechen-connection. 
  31. ↑ "Russian police kill Islamist militant leader before Olympics". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-militant/russian-police-kill-islamist-militant-leader-before-olympics-idUSBREA0L00K20140122. Retrieved 14 March 2020. 
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 "Chechen Republic Head Announces Killing Of Three Veteran Insurgents". August 2, 2012. https://www.rferl.org/a/chechen-republic-head-announces-killing-of-three-veteran-insurgents/24664629.html. 
  33. ↑ "Russian troops kill leader of Islamic Caucasus Emirate | FDD's Long War Journal". 19 April 2015. https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/04/russian-troops-kill-leader-of-islamic-caucasus-emirate.php. 
  34. ↑ "Leader Of 'Caucasus Emirate' Killed". https://www.rferl.org/a/caucasus-emirate-leader-killed-daghestan/27183272.html. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  35. ↑ Узел, Кавказский. "NAC: Zalim Shebzukhov killed in special operation in Saint Petersburg". https://www.eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu/articles/36587/. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  36. ↑ "The Jamestown Foundation". http://www.jamestown.org/publications_details.php?volume_id=409&issue_id=3401. 
  37. ↑ "Russian Authorities Claim Top Militant Killed In Daghestan". https://www.rferl.org/a/1078721.html. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  38. ↑ "Russia Insurgent Leader Said Killed". https://www.rferl.org/a/russia_north_caucasus_insurgent_leader/24528765.html. 
  39. ↑ "Ingush Insurgency Commander Affirms Support for Embattled Cleric". https://www.rferl.org/a/caucasus-report-ingushetia-insurgency/25063622.html. 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 "Ingush Jamaat Loses Another Amir". https://jamestown.org/program/ingush-jamaat-loses-another-amir-2/. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  41. ↑ Abdurrahman [@Abdurahmanhrk] (2015-09-30). "FSA Captain Iyad al-Deek was killed in the Russian air strikes in north Homs" (in en). https://twitter.com/Abdurahmanhrk/status/649234125627518976. 
  42. ↑ "Russian air force hits 60 Islamic State targets in Syria, kills 300 jihadists". http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com//world/middle-east/Russian-air-force-hits-60-Islamic-State-targets-in-Syria-kills-300-jihadists/articleshow/49292491.cms?. Retrieved 22 Nov 2019. 
  43. ↑ "Syrian Rebel Commander Among Dozens Killed in Russian Airstrikes". https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/3kwan3/syrian-rebel-commander-among-dozens-killed-in-russian-airstrikes. 
  44. ↑ "Airstrikes target the countryside of Al-Hasakah while a commander in a rebel battalion killed in Aleppo". 2019-11-03. http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/12/airstrikes-target-the-countryside-of-al-hasakah-while-a-commander-in-a-rebel-battalion-killed-in-aleppo/. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  45. ↑ date retrieved 16 Aug 2019
  46. ↑ "استشهاد القائد العسكري لقطاع حلب في حركة فجر الشام ومسؤولين في الحركة بغارات جوية على مدينة حلب". 8 February 2016. http://www.syriahr.com/?p=154831. 
  47. ↑ "Syria: Top Terrorist Commander Killed in Northwestern Aleppo | Farsnews Agency". https://en.farsnews.ir/newstext.aspx?nn=13950402000792. 
  48. ↑ "3 Nov 2019". 25 January 2017. http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=59759. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  49. ↑ المحمود, زيد (2017-01-13). "مقتل قياديٍ في الحزب الإسلامي التركستانيٍ جراء غاراتٍ روسيةٍ بإدلب". كلنا شركاء في الوطن. http://www.all4syria.info/Archive/379078. 
  50. ↑ المحمود, زيد (2017-01-13). "مقتل قياديٍ في الحزب الإسلامي التركستانيٍ جراء غاراتٍ روسيةٍ بإدلب". MICRO SYRIA. https://microsyria.com/2017/01/13/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84-%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8D-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA/. 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 "IS 'minister of war' killed in Syria air attack, Russia says". http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/minister-war-killed-syria-air-attack-russia-says. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 Andrew Illingworth (2017-09-27). "Al-Qaeda leadership, dozens of jihadists wiped out by Russian missile strike in Idlib" (in en). Al Masdar. https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/al-qaeda-leadership-dozens-jihadists-wiped-russian-missile-strike-idlib/. 
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 "16 JUne 2020". http://syria.mil.ru/en/index/syria/news/more.htm?id=12146035@egNews. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 "Russia: 180 ISIL fighters and mercenaries killed in air strikes in Syria". Oct 7, 2017. https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/mena/russia-180-isil-fighters-and-mercenaries-killed-in-air-strikes-in-syria-1.664884. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  55. ↑ Jonkers, Brecht (2017-12-18). "Breaking: Russians kill top Chechen Al-Qaeda leader in Syria". https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breaking-russians-kill-top-chechen-al-qaeda-leader-syria/. 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "Russian airstrikes kill two rebel commanders in Eastern Ghouta". 14 March 2018. https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2018/3/14/russian-airstrikes-kill-two-rebel-commanders-in-eastern-ghouta. 
  57. ↑ SMM Syria [@smmsyria] (2019-07-19). "#InCaseYouMissedIt Faylaq al Sham regional commander of the coastal sector Abu Omar al Dayk was killed in #RuAF airstrikes in Northern #Latakia t.co/q7701rZVFe" (in en). https://twitter.com/smmsyria/status/1152182816760836096. 
  58. ↑ "قتيلان-مِن-الحر-بينهم-قيادي-بقصفٍ-روسي-شمال-اللاذقية". https://www.syria.tv/content/. 
  59. ↑ "All evidence points to Russia in air strike on Turkish military convoy in Syria - columnist". https://ahvalnews.com/russia-turkey/all-evidence-points-russia-air-strike-turkish-military-convoy-syria-columnist#. 
  60. ↑ "All evidence points to Russia in air strike on Turkish military convoy in Syria - columnist". https://ahvalnews.com/russia-turkey/all-evidence-points-russia-air-strike-turkish-military-convoy-syria-columnist#. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  61. ↑ "Российские ВКС уничтожили главу террористической группы в Сирии аш-Шишани" (in RU). https://www.rbc.ru/politics/22/12/2021/61c326219a7947ffc5016712. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 "Chechens killed in Istanbul in the name of Russian intel, prosecutor claims - Turkey News". http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/chechens-killed-in-istanbul-in-the-name-of-russian-intel-prosecutor-claims-62656. 
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 63.2 63.3 63.4 63.5 "Have Russian hitmen been killing with impunity in Turkey?". BBC News. 13 December 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38294204. 
  64. ↑ "Have Russian hitmen been killing with impunity in Turkey?". BBC News. 13 December 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38294204. 
  65. ↑ "A Chechen Fighter Was Killed In A Kyiv Car Bombing. Who Was He?". https://en.hromadske.ua/posts/a-chechen-fighter-was-killed-in-a-kyiv-car-bombing-who-was-he. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  66. ↑ Mukhina, Helen (Sep 9, 2017). "Interior Ministry: Georgian citizen Timur Makhauri killed, his wife injured in car blast in central Kyiv (update) - Sep. 09, 2017". Kyiv Post. https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/interior-ministry-georgian-citizen-timur-makhauri-killed-wife-injured-car-blast-central-kyiv-update.html. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 
  67. ↑ "A Chechen Fighter Was Killed in a Kyiv Car Bombing. Who Was He?". https://en.hromadske.ua/posts/a-chechen-fighter-was-killed-in-a-kyiv-car-bombing-who-was-he. 
  68. ↑ "Interior Ministry: Georgian citizen Timur Makhauri killed, his wife injured in car blast in central Kyiv (Update) - Sep. 09, 2017". Kyiv Post. 9 September 2017. https://www.kyivpost.com/ukraine-politics/interior-ministry-georgian-citizen-timur-makhauri-killed-wife-injured-car-blast-central-kyiv-update.html. 
  69. ↑ "New Evidence Links Russian State to Berlin Assassination". Sep 27, 2019. https://www.bellingcat.com/news/uk-and-europe/2019/09/27/new-evidence-links-russian-state-to-berlin-assassination/. Retrieved Sep 13, 2022. 

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