Social:Participatory organization
A participatory organization is an organization which is built based on public participation rather than their contract obligations.[1][2]
Types
Different types of participatory organizations are possible including production companies, membership organizations (such as trade unions), and co-operatives. They can be legally registered formal organizations or may object to state regulation and be considered an informal organization.[3]
Participatory organizations can have different levels of participation, ranging from complete economic transparency, to participatory management, and ultimately labor management.[4]
Criticism
Participatory organizations are negatively affected by the free-rider problem, can be inefficient, and lack clear leadership and strategy.[5]
See also
- Gift economy
- Human-based genetic algorithm
- Public participation
- Reciprocity
- Stigmergy
- Voluntary association
References
- ↑ B.Guy Peters (2014). The Politics of Bureaucracy; An Introduction to Comparative Public Administration. Taylor & Francis. p. 38. ISBN 9781136706172. https://books.google.com/books?id=gdyvAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA38.
- ↑ Ryoko Tsuneyoshi (2013). Japanese Model of Schooling; Comparisons with the U.S.. Taylor & Francis. p. 186. ISBN 9781136600869. https://books.google.com/books?id=RPRlETAFpYQC&pg=PA186.
- ↑ Deborah Eade; Suzanne Williams (1995). The Oxfam Handbook of Development and Relief. 2. Oxfam. pp. 509–512. ISBN 9780855983086. https://books.google.com/books?id=CZZbFxSMlLIC&pg=PA509.
- ↑ Alexis P Jacquemin; Henry W de Jong (2016). European Industrial Organisation. Macmillan Education. pp. 190–192. ISBN 9781349861675. https://books.google.com/books?id=eFBdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190.
- ↑ Fulton, Murray (2001). "Leadership in democratic and participatory organizations". Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics 49 (4): 381–394. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7976.2001.tb00314.x.
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