Software:BIND

From HandWiki
Short description: DNS server software
BIND
Original author(s)Douglas Terry,
Mark Painter,
David Riggle,
Songnian Zhou
Developer(s)Internet Systems Consortium
Initial releaseJune 1986; 38 years ago (1986-06)
Stable release
9.18.21(ESV) & 9.16.45(ESV) / 20 December 2023 (2023-12-20)
Preview release
9.19.19 / 20 December 2023 (2023-12-20)
Operating systemLinux, NetBSD, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, macOS
TypeDNS server
LicenseMozilla Public License[1]

BIND (/ˈbaɪnd/) is a suite of software for interacting with the Domain Name System (DNS). Its most prominent component, named (pronounced name-dee: /ˈneɪmdiː/, short for name daemon), performs both of the main DNS server roles, acting as an authoritative name server for DNS zones and as a recursive resolver in the network. As of 2015, it is the most widely used domain name server software,[2][3][4] and is the de facto standard on Unix-like operating systems.[5][6] Also contained in the suite are various administration tools such as nsupdate and dig, and a DNS resolver interface library.

The software was originally designed at the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) in the early 1980s. The name originates as an acronym of Berkeley Internet Name Domain,[7] reflecting the application's use within UCB. The current version is BIND 9, first released in 2000 and still actively maintained by the Internet Systems Consortium (ISC) with new releases issued several times a year.

Key features

BIND 9 is intended to be fully compliant with the IETF DNS standards and draft standards. Important features of BIND 9 include: TSIG, nsupdate, IPv6, RNDC (remote name daemon control), views, multiprocessor support, Response Rate Limiting (RRL), DNSSEC, and broad portability. RNDC enables remote configuration updates, using a shared secret to provide encryption for local and remote terminals during each session.

Database support

While earlier versions of BIND offered no mechanism to store and retrieve zone data in anything other than flat text files, in 2007 BIND 9.4[8] DLZ provided a compile-time option for zone storage in a variety of database formats including LDAP, Berkeley DB, PostgreSQL, MySQL, and ODBC.

BIND 10 planned to make the data store modular, so that a variety of databases may be connected.[9] In 2016 ISC added support for the 'dyndb' interface, contributed by RedHat, with BIND version 9.11.0.[10]

Security

Security issues that are discovered in BIND 9 are patched and publicly disclosed in keeping with common principles of open source software. A complete list of security defects that have been discovered and disclosed in BIND9 is maintained by Internet Systems Consortium, the current authors of the software.[11]

The BIND 4 and BIND 8 releases both had serious security vulnerabilities. Use of these ancient versions, or any un-maintained, non-supported version is strongly discouraged.[12] BIND 9 was a complete rewrite, in part to mitigate these ongoing security issues. The downloads page on the ISC web site clearly shows which versions are currently maintained and which are end of life.

History

BIND was originally written by four graduate students at the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) at the University of California, Berkeley, Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou, in the early 1980s as a result of a DARPA grant. The acronym BIND is for Berkeley Internet Name Domain, from a technical paper published in 1984.[7] It was first released with Berkeley Software Distribution 4.3BSD.

Versions of BIND through 4.8.3 were maintained by the CSRG.[13]

Paul Vixie of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) took over BIND development in 1988, releasing versions 4.9 and 4.9.1. Vixie continued to work on BIND after leaving DEC. BIND Version 4.9.2 was sponsored by Vixie Enterprises. Vixie eventually founded the Internet Software Consortium (ISC), which became the entity responsible for BIND versions starting with 4.9.3.[13]

BIND 8 was released by ISC in May 1997.[13]

Version 9 was developed by Nominum, Inc. under an ISC outsourcing contract, and the first version was released 9 October 2000.[14] It was written from scratch in part to address the architectural difficulties with auditing the earlier BIND code bases, and also to support DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions). The development of BIND 9 took place under a combination of commercial and military contracts. Most of the features of BIND 9 were funded by UNIX vendors who wanted to ensure that BIND stayed competitive with Microsoft's DNS offerings;[citation needed] the DNSSEC features were funded by the US military, which regarded DNS security as important. BIND 9 was released in September 2000.[13]

In 2009, ISC started an effort to develop a new version of the software suite, initially called BIND10. In addition to DNS service, the BIND10 suite also included IPv4 and IPv6 DHCP server components. In April 2014, with BIND10 release 1.2.0 the ISC concluded its involvement in the project and renamed it to Bundy,[15][16] moving the source code repository to GitHub[17] for further development by outside public efforts.[18] ISC discontinued its involvement in the project due to cost-cutting measures.[19] The development of DHCP components was split off to become a new Kea project.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "LICENSE in main BIND 9 branch". https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/bind9/-/blob/main/LICENSE. 
  2. ↑ "BIND – The most widely used Name Server Software". Internet Systems Consortium. 2015-09-08. https://www.isc.org/downloads/bind/. 
  3. ↑ Moore, Don (2004-05-23). "DNS server survey". http://mydns.bboy.net/survey/. 
  4. ↑ Huston, Geoff (October 2015). "Happy Eyeballs for the DNS, (see slide 37)". APNIC. https://labs.apnic.net/presentations/store/2015-10-04-dns-dual-stack.pdf. 
  5. ↑ Huck Jr., Paul E. (June 2001). Zero Configuration Name Services for IP Networks (M.Eng). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. hdl:1721.1/86716.
  6. ↑ Bal, Rohit G. (Jan 2017). "Local Area Network automatic Domain name System (LANDS)". Nepal Engineering College. https://www.academia.edu/30692992. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Template:Cite tech report
  8. ↑ Andrews, Mark (2007-02-24). "BIND 9.4.0 is now available.". https://lists.isc.org/pipermail/bind-announce/2007-February/000210.html. 
  9. ↑ "Kea: Design overview". ISC. https://kea.isc.org/wiki/DesignOverview. 
  10. ↑ "Dyndb compared to DLZ". https://kb.isc.org/article/AA-01420/219/What-is-dyndb-and-how-is-it-better-than-DLZ.html. 
  11. ↑ Conry, Brian (2015-11-12). "BIND 9 Security Vulnerability Matrix". Internet Systems Consortium. https://kb.isc.org/article/AA-00913/74/BIND-9-Security-Vulnerability-Matrix.html. 
  12. ↑ Hudson, P.; Hudson, A.; Ball, B.; Duff, H. (2005). Red Hat Fedora 4 Unleashed. Sams Publishing. p. 723. ISBN 0-672-32792-9. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 ISC (2016-10-31). "History of BIND". https://www.isc.org/downloads/bind/history-of-bind/. 
  14. ↑ "BIND 9 Authored by Nominum Development Team Now Available on Internet Software Consortium Site". 2000-10-06. https://www.usenix.org/legacy/about/newsroom/press/archive/bind9.html. 
  15. ↑ Consortium, Internet Systems (2014-04-17). "ISC Concludes BIND 10 Development with Release 1.2" (in en-us). https://www.isc.org/blogs/isc-concludes-bind-10-development-with-release-1-2-project-renamed-bundy/. 
  16. ↑ "Bundy, authoritative DNS and DHCP server". http://bundy-dns.de. 
  17. ↑ "bundy repo at GitHub". 29 July 2022. https://github.com/bundy-dns/bundy. 
  18. ↑ "BIND 10 Release 1.2 available". 2014-04-17. https://www.isc.org/downloads/platform/. 
  19. ↑ "ISC releases BIND 10 1.2, renames it, and turns it over to community". Linux Weekly News. 2014-04-17. https://lwn.net/Articles/595347/. 

Further reading

External links



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