Software:Pinball Construction Set

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Pinball Construction Set
"Album cover" box
Developer(s)BudgeCo
Publisher(s)BudgeCo
Designer(s)Bill Budge
Platform(s)Apple II, Atari 8-bit, Commodore 64, IBM PC, Mac
Release1982: Apple
1983: Apple (EA), Atari, C64
1985: IBM PC
November 1985: Mac[1]
Genre(s)Pinball, game creation system
Mode(s)Single-player

Pinball Construction Set is a video game by Bill Budge written for the Apple II.[2] It was originally published in 1982 through Budge's own company, BudgeCo, then was released by Electronic Arts in 1983 along with ports to the Atari 8-bit computers and Commodore 64.

The game created a new genre of video games: the construction set. Users can build and play their own virtual pinball machine by dropping bumpers, flippers, spinners, and other parts onto a table. Attributes such as gravity and the physics model can be modified. Tables can be saved to floppy disks and freely traded; Pinball Construction Set is not needed to play them.[3]

Versions were released for the IBM PC compatibles (as a self-booting disk) and Mac in 1985. EA followed Pinball Construction Set with Music Construction Set, Adventure Construction Set, and Racing Destruction Set all from different authors.

Development

Title screen on an IBM PC
A blank pinball machine with the user interface visible using 4 color CGA graphics.

Bill Budge, author of the Raster Blaster pinball game for the Apple II,[4] began developing Pinball Construction Set in July 1982. He did not want to write another game ("all the current (arcade) games are either maze games or Pong; I didn't want any part of that"), but began experimenting with game and graphical tools he had written. As part of the development process he purchased and disassembled an old Gottlieb Target Alpha pinball machine, so his new project could accurately depict its components.[2] Budge does not enjoy playing video games, and described having to play pinball for months while developing Pinball Construction Set as "sheer torture".[5]

The project was ambitious given the Apple's limited memory and graphics capabilities. While Budge did not work on the Apple Lisa project as an Apple employee from 1980 to 1981 he was aware of it and the Graphic User Interface research at Xerox PARC, and gave Pinball Construction Set a Lisa-like user interface. He originally published and distributed the game via his publishing company BudgeCo in late 1982; the box art was a photograph of the parts of the disassembled pinball machine. It did not sell well, however, as BudgeCo did not have the distribution network that other, larger companies did. Budge agreed to have EA to publish his game when Trip Hawkins approached him in 1983. Raster Blaster and other projects had already made Budge a celebrity among Apple II owners, and his name was much larger than the name of the software on EA's Pinball Construction Set box art.[4]

Reception

Pinball Construction Set's sales had surpassed 250,000 copies by November 1989,[6] and it ultimately sold over 300,000 copies in all platforms.[7]

Pinball Construction Set's scope and flexibility on a 48K Apple II was impressive. Steve Wozniak called it "the greatest program ever written for an 8-bit machine", and for thousands the software was their first experience with a GUI.[4] Computer Gaming World in 1983 considered the software toy revolutionary, and easy to understand because of its representative icons and drag-and-drop method of constructing a table; the magazine stated that "there's something almost magical about the way this product works. You take everything it does for granted after just a few minutes". The nine-page manual was considered "overkill", since Pinball Construction Set required no programming knowledge; an eight-year-old had no problems creating his own tables.[8] Reviewing the Atari version in their "Arcade Alley" column, Video magazine described Pinball Construction Set as a "remarkably clever and easy-to-use program", and noted that a third-party company had already published a suite of pre-made pinball games for use with the construction set.[9]: 32 

BYTE found the tool kit as "complete" and praised Budge's "marvelous sense of programming". The magazine reported that "creativity is encouraged. [Users] are gently encouraged and aided. This is valuable for children and inexperienced players and computer users".[10] InfoWorld compared the game's importance to that of Scott Adams's Adventureland, and predicted that it "is sure to have lots of children and grandchildren".[11] InfoWorld's Essential Guide to Atari Computers cited it as a notable arcade game.[12] Ahoy! called Pinball Construction Set as one of the best home entertainment programs of its era.[3] The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software 1984 gave the "pinball wizard's dream" an overall A+ rating, praising the user interface as "exceptionally human engineered".[13] Compute! listed it in 1988 as one of "Our Favorite Games", calling the game "a programming work of art ... a classic that never seems to grow old".[14] Orson Scott Card said in the magazine in 1989 that the program was so flexible that his son used it as a graphics program.[15]

Awards

In 1984 Pinball Construction Set received a Certificate of Merit in the category of "1984 Most Innovative Video Game/Computer Game" at the 5th annual Arkie Awards.[16]: 29  One month later Softline readers named the game the ninth most-popular Apple and Atari program of 1983.[17] Computer Gaming World in 1996 declared Pinball Construction Set the 50th-best computer game ever released,[18] and ranked it #1 in the magazine's list of the most innovative computer games.[19] Pinball Construction Set is an inductee in GameSpy's Hall of Fame.[20] In 2008, Pinball Construction Set was honored at the 59th Annual Technology and Engineering Emmy Awards for "User Generated Content/Game Modification".[21]

Legacy

A version for the Coleco Adam combined with Hard Hat Mack under the title The Best of Electronic Arts was completed but not released.[22]

In 1993, Budge wrote a version of Pinball Construction Set for the Sega Genesis with the name Virtual Pinball.

Will Wright cited the game as an inspiration.[23]

In 2013, Budge released the source code to the Atari 8-bit version of Pinball Construction Set to the public on GitHub under the MIT license.[24]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "1985 Index". Computer Entertainer 4 (10): 6. January 1986. http://www.ataricompendium.com/archives/newsletters/video_game_update/computer_entertainer_jan86.pdf#page=6. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Things to Come: The Pinball Construction Set". Softline: pp. 8. November 1982. http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1982&pub=6&id=8. Retrieved 27 July 2014. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Davies, Lloyd (May 1984). "Pinball Construction Set". Ahoy!: pp. 49. https://archive.org/stream/ahoy-magazine-05/Ahoy_05_May_1984#page/n47/mode/2up. Retrieved 16 October 2013. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Maher, Jimmy (2013-02-01). "The Pinball Wizard". The Digital Antiquarian. http://www.filfre.net/2013/02/the-pinball-wizard/. Retrieved 10 July 2014. 
  5. ↑ Darling, Sharon (February 1985). "Birth of a Computer Game". Compute!: pp. 48. http://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue57/computer_game.html. Retrieved 6 October 2013. 
  6. ↑ Staff (November 1989). "Chart-Busters; SPA Platinum". Game Players (5): 112. 
  7. ↑ Hague, James (March 1997). "Bill Budge". Halcyon Days: Interviews with Classic Computer and Video Game Programmers. Dadgum Games. https://dadgum.com/halcyon/BOOK/BUDGE.HTM. Retrieved 15 September 2025. 
  8. ↑ Besndard, John (May–June 1983), "Pinball Construction Set", Computer Gaming World: 12, 43, http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1983&pub=2&id=10 
  9. ↑ Kunkel, Bill; Katz, Arnie (October 1983). "Arcade Alley: From Pinball to Purgatory at Electronic Arts". Video (Reese Communications) 7 (7): 30–32. ISSN 0147-8907. 
  10. ↑ Holden, Elaine (January 1984). "Pinball Construction Set". BYTE: pp. 282. https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1984-01/BYTE-1984-01#page/n283/mode/2up. Retrieved 22 October 2013. 
  11. ↑ Mace, Scott (9–16 January 1984). "Electronic Antics". InfoWorld: pp. 69. https://books.google.com/books?id=ey4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA69. Retrieved 4 February 2015. 
  12. ↑ Mace, Scott (1984). InfoWorld's Essential Guide to Atari Computers. Harper & Row. pp. 75. ISBN 978-0-06-669006-3. https://archive.org/details/InfoWorlds_Essential_Guide_to_Atari/page/n85/mode/2up?view=theater. 
  13. ↑ The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software. Addison-Wesley. 1984. pp. 128–129. ISBN 0-201-16454-X. https://archive.org/stream/Atari_Software_1984#page/n127/mode/2up. 
  14. ↑ "Our Favorite Games". Compute!: pp. 12. May 1988. https://archive.org/stream/1988-05-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_096_1988_May#page/n13/mode/2up. Retrieved 10 November 2013. 
  15. ↑ Card, Orson Scott (January 1989). "Gameplay". Compute!: pp. 12. https://archive.org/stream/1989-01-compute-magazine/Compute_Issue_104_1989_Jan#page/n13/mode/2up. Retrieved 10 November 2013. 
  16. ↑ Kunkel, Bill; Katz, Arnie (February 1984). "Arcade Alley: The 1984 Arcade Awards, Part II". Video (Reese Communications) 7 (11): 28–29. ISSN 0147-8907. 
  17. ↑ "The Best and the Rest". St.Game: pp. 49. Mar–Apr 1984. http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1984&pub=6&id=16. Retrieved 28 July 2014. 
  18. ↑ Staff (November 1996). "150 Best (and 50 Worst) Games of All Time". Computer Gaming World (148): 63–65, 68, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 84, 88, 90, 94, 98. 
  19. ↑ "The 15 Most Innovative Computer Games". Computer Gaming World: 102. November 1996. http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1996&pub=2&id=148. Retrieved 25 March 2016. 
  20. ↑ GameSpy Hall of Fame from GameSpy
  21. ↑ 2008 Tech Emmy Winners from Kotaku.com
  22. ↑ "ADAM Computer Game of the Week #20". May 17, 2011. http://atariage.com/forums/topic/182104-adam-computer-game-of-the-week-20/. 
  23. ↑ GDC 2012: The games that influenced our influential game designers from Gamasutra.com
  24. ↑ I just pushed the source for Pinball Construction Set to github (thanks to Scott Cronce at EA) on twitter.com
  • MobyGames is a commercial database website that catalogs information on video games and the people and companies behind them via crowdsourcing. This includes over 300,000 games for hundreds of platforms.[1] Founded in 1999, ownership of the site has changed hands several times. It has been owned by Atari SA since 2022.

Features

Edits and submissions to the site (including screenshots, box art, developer information, game summaries, and more) go through a verification process of fact-checking by volunteer "approvers".[2] This lengthy approval process after submission can range from minutes to days or months.[3] The most commonly used sources are the video game's website, packaging, and credit screens. There is a published standard for game information and copy-editing.[4] A ranking system allows users to earn points for contributing accurate information.[5]

Registered users can rate and review games. Users can create private or public "have" and "want" lists, which can generate a list of games available for trade with other registered users. The site contains an integrated forum. Each listed game can have its own sub-forum.

History

Logo used until March 2014

MobyGames was founded on March 1, 1999, by Jim Leonard and Brian Hirt, and joined by David Berk 18 months later, the three of which had been friends since high school.[6][7] Leonard had the idea of sharing information about computer games with a larger audience. The database began with information about games for IBM PC compatibles, relying on the founders' personal collections. Eventually, the site was opened up to allow general users to contribute information.[5] In a 2003 interview, Berk emphasized MobyGames' dedication to taking video games more seriously than broader society and to preserving games for their important cultural influence.[5]

In mid-2010, MobyGames was purchased by GameFly for an undisclosed amount.[8] This was announced to the community post factum , and the site's interface was given an unpopular redesign.[7] A few major contributors left, refusing to do volunteer work for a commercial website.{{Citation needed|date=June 2025} On December 18, 2013, MobyGames was acquired by Jeremiah Freyholtz, owner of Blue Flame Labs (a San Francisco-based game and web development company) and VGBoxArt (a site for fan-made video game box art).[9] Blue Flame Labs reverted MobyGames' interface to its pre-overhaul look and feel,[10] and for the next eight years, the site was run by Freyholtz and Independent Games Festival organizer Simon Carless.[7]

On November 24, 2021, Atari SA announced a potential deal with Blue Flame Labs to purchase MobyGames for $1.5 million.[11] The purchase was completed on 8 March 2022, with Freyholtz remaining as general manager.[12][13][14] Over the next year, the financial boost given by Atari led to a rework of the site being built from scratch with a new backend codebase, as well as updates improving the mobile and desktop user interface.[1] This was accomplished by investing in full-time development of the site instead of its previously part-time development.[15]

In 2024, MobyGames began offering a paid "Pro" membership option for the site to generate additional revenue.[16] Previously, the site had generated income exclusively through banner ads and (from March 2014 onward) a small number of patrons via the Patreon website.[17]

See also

  • IGDB – game database used by Twitch for its search and discovery functions

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Sheehan, Gavin (2023-02-22). "Atari Relaunches The Fully Rebuilt & Optimized MobyGames Website". https://bleedingcool.com/games/atari-relaunches-the-fully-rebuilt-optimized-mobygames-website/. 
  2. ↑ Litchfield, Ted (2021-11-26). "Zombie company Atari to devour MobyGames". https://www.pcgamer.com/zombie-company-atari-to-devour-mobygames/. 
  3. ↑ "MobyGames FAQ: Emails Answered § When will my submission be approved?". Blue Flame Labs. 30 March 2014. http://www.mobygames.com/info/faq7#g1. 
  4. ↑ "The MobyGames Standards and Practices". Blue Flame Labs. 6 January 2016. http://www.mobygames.com/info/standards. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Miller, Stanley A. (2003-04-22). "People's choice awards honor favorite Web sites". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 
  6. ↑ "20 Years of MobyGames" (in en). 2019-02-28. https://trixter.oldskool.org/2019/02/28/20-years-of-mobygames/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Plunkett, Luke (2022-03-10). "Atari Buys MobyGames For $1.5 Million". https://kotaku.com/mobygames-retro-credits-database-imdb-atari-freyholtz-b-1848638521. 
  8. ↑ "Report: MobyGames Acquired By GameFly Media". Gamasutra. 2011-02-07. https://www.gamedeveloper.com/game-platforms/report-mobygames-acquired-by-gamefly-media. 
  9. ↑ Corriea, Alexa Ray (December 31, 2013). "MobyGames purchased from GameFly, improvements planned". http://www.polygon.com/2013/12/31/5261414/mobygames-purchased-from-gamefly-improvements-planned. 
  10. ↑ Wawro, Alex (31 December 2013). "Game dev database MobyGames getting some TLC under new owner". Gamasutra. https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/game-dev-database-mobygames-getting-some-tlc-under-new-owner. 
  11. ↑ "Atari invests in Anstream, may buy MobyGames". November 24, 2021. https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-11-24-atari-invests-in-anstream-may-buy-mobygames. 
  12. ↑ Rousseau, Jeffrey (2022-03-09). "Atari purchases Moby Games". https://www.gamesindustry.biz/atari-purchases-moby-games. 
  13. ↑ "Atari Completes MobyGames Acquisition, Details Plans for the Site's Continued Support". March 8, 2022. https://www.atari.com/atari-completes-mobygames-acquisition-details-plans-for-the-sites-continued-support/. 
  14. ↑ "Atari has acquired game database MobyGames for $1.5 million" (in en-GB). 2022-03-09. https://www.videogameschronicle.com/news/atari-has-acquired-game-database-mobygames-for-1-5-million/. 
  15. ↑ Stanton, Rich (2022-03-10). "Atari buys videogame database MobyGames for $1.5 million". https://www.pcgamer.com/atari-buys-videogame-database-mobygames-for-dollar15-million/. 
  16. ↑ Harris, John (2024-03-09). "MobyGames Offering “Pro” Membership". https://setsideb.com/mobygames-offering-pro-membership/. 
  17. ↑ "MobyGames on Patreon". http://www.patreon.com/mobygames. 
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