View source for Biology:Outline of business management

{{Short description|Overview of and topical guide to business management}}
<!--... Attention:  THIS IS AN OUTLINE

        part of the set of 830+ outlines listed at
             Wikipedia:Contents/Outlines.

                 Wikipedia outlines are
              a special type of list article.
              They make up one of Wikipedia's
                content navigation systems

             See Wikipedia: Outlines and 
    Wikipedia:WikiProject Outlines for more details.
                   Further improvements
              to this outline are on the way
...-->

The following [[Outline (list)|outline]] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to business management:

'''Business management''' &ndash; [[Social:Management|management]] of a business &ndash; includes all aspects of overseeing and supervising business operations. Management is the act of allocating resources to accomplish desired goals and objectives efficiently and effectively; it comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal.

For the general outline of management, see [[Biology:Outline of management|Outline of management]].


==Overview==
* {{annotated link|Social:Business administration}}
* {{annotated link|Finance:Corporate finance}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Entrepreneurship}}
* {{annotated link|Biology:Outline of business}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Social entrepreneurship}}

==Types of organizations==

{{annotated link|Organization:Organization}}
* {{annotated link|Company:Company}}
** {{annotated link|Company:Corporation}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Government}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Nonprofit organization}}

==Areas of management application==
Management application can be utilised by a person or a group of people and by a company or a group of companies depending upon the type of management skills being used.  Management can be applied to every aspect of activity of a person or an organization:

=== Self-management skills ===

[[Social:Self-governance|Self-governance]] is the act of conducting oneself to get things done.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Drucker |first1=Peter |date=March–April 1999 |title=''Managing Oneself'' |url=https://hbr.org |magazine=Harvard Business Review}}</ref> Effective management of oneself is a natural prerequisite of effective management.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.inc.com/rhett-power/manage-yourself-first-then-you-can-effectively-manage-others.html |title=Manage yourself first, then you can effectively manage others |last=Power |first=Rhett |date=September 3, 2014 |magazine=Inc. |access-date=July 9, 2017 |quote="If you can't manage your own life, how can you expect to manage other people?"}}</ref> Personal skills related to business activity include:
* Self-control &ndash; in the general sense, controlling one's own actions and states
** {{annotated link|Social:Stress management}} 
** {{annotated link|Social:Task management}} 
** {{annotated link|Time management}} 
* Personal resource management
** {{annotated link|Personal information management}}  
** {{annotated link|Personal knowledge management}} 
** {{annotated link|Finance:Personal finance}}

===General organization management skills===
* Administration
* {{annotated link|Social:Agile management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Asset management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Change management}} is a field of management focused on organizational changes. It aims to ensure that  methods and procedures are used for efficient and prompt handling of all changes to controlled IT infrastructure, in order to minimize the number and impact of any related incidents upon service. 
* {{annotated link|Social:Conflict resolution}} 
** {{annotated link|Theory of constraints}} 
** {{annotated link|Focused improvement}} 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Corporate governance}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Cost accounting}} 
* {{annotated link|Crisis management}} 
* {{annotated link|Philosophy:Critical management studies|abbreviation=CMS}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Customer relationship management}} 
* {{annotated link|Data management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Design management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Interim management}} 
* {{annotated link|Knowledge management}} 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Logistics}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Operations management}} 
* {{annotated link|Organization:Organization development}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Perception management}} 
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Planning}} 
* {{annotated link|Business process management}} – Ensemble of activities of planning and monitoring the performance of a process, especially in the sense of business process, often confused with reengineering
* {{annotated link|Social:Program management}} 
* {{annotated link|Project management}}
** {{annotated link|Biology:Outline of project management}}
* {{annotated link|Quality management}} 
* {{annotated link|Requirements management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Resource management}} 
* {{annotated link|Risk management}} management specialism aiming to reduce different risks related to a preselected domain to the level accepted by society. It may include numerous types of threats caused by environment, technology, humans, organizations, and politics.
* {{annotated link|Social:Skills management}} 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Spend analysis}} 
* {{annotated link|Strategic management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Strategic planning}} 
* {{annotated link|Systems management}} 
* {{annotated link|Management science|abbreviation=MS}}, The discipline of using mathematical modeling and other analytical methods, to help make better business management decisions.
* {{annotated link|Social:Nonlinear management|abbreviation=NLM}} – Superset of management techniques and strategies that allows order to emerge by giving organizations the space to self-organize, evolve and adapt, encompassing Agile, Evolutionary and Lean approaches, as well as many others
* {{annotated link|Social:Operations management}} – Area of business that is concerned with the production of good quality goods and services, and involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient and effective. It is the management of resources, the distribution of goods and services to customers, and the analysis of queue systems.
* {{annotated link|Social:Scientific management}} Theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflow processes, improving labor productivity.

===Department management===
* {{annotated link|Accounting management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Communications management}} 
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Engineering management}} 
* {{annotated link|Enterprise content management}} 
* [[Finance:Financial management|Financial management]]
** {{annotated link|Finance:Capital management}}
** {{annotated link|Finance:Managerial finance}}
** {{annotated link|Finance:Outline of finance}}
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Information technology management}} 
* {{annotated link|Enterprise legal management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Marketing management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Procurement}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Product management}} 
* {{annotated link|Records management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Supply chain management}}

===Field- or organization-specific management===
* {{annotated link|Organization:Association management}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Community management}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Educational management}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Investment management}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Land management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Restaurant management}} 

== Business strategy ==

{{annotated link|Strategic management}} 
* {{annotated link|Organization:Organizational structure|Structure}} 
* {{annotated link|Philosophy:System}}

=== Business analysis ===

[[Social:Business analysis|Business analysis]] &ndash; set of tasks, knowledge, and techniques required to identify business needs and determine solutions to business problems. Solutions often include a systems development component, but may also consist of process improvement or organizational change. 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Competitor analysis}}

=== Goal setting ===

[[Philosophy:Goal setting|Goal setting]] &ndash; involves establishing specific, measurable and time targeted objectives
* [[Philosophy:Goal|Goal]] &ndash; or objective consists of a projected state of affairs which a person or a system plans or intends to achieve or bring about – a personal or organizational desired end-point in some sort of assumed development. Many people endeavor to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.
** Examples of business objectives
*** {{annotated link|Social:Competitive advantage}} 
**** Sustainable competitive advantage

=== Planning ===

[[Engineering:Planning|Planning]] &ndash; in organizations and public policy is both the organizational process of creating and maintaining a plan; and the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired goal on some scale. 
* {{annotated link|Schedule|Scheduling}}
** [[Critical path method]] &ndash; Algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities
** PERT &ndash; 
* {{annotated link|Social:Strategic planning}}
** {{annotated link|Social:Business plan}}
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Business process}}
*** Business Process Modeling &ndash; (BPM) Activity of representing processes of an enterprise, so that the current ("as is") process may be analyzed and improved in future ("to be")

=== Approaches ===

* [[Centralisation]] &ndash; Planning and decision making by a single authority
* [[Social:Decentralization|Decentralization]] &ndash; Planning and decision making by various local authorities
* [[Developer relations]]
* [[Social:Management by objectives|Management by objectives]] 
* [[Six Sigma]] &ndash; Business management strategy, originally developed by Motorola, that today enjoys widespread application in many sectors of industry
* Viable Systems Model

=== Feedback ===

* {{annotated link|Finance:Financial statement}}

=== Mistakes ===

* {{annotated link|Analysis paralysis}}

==Concepts==

* [[Social:Balanced scorecard|Balanced scorecard]] &ndash; 
* [[Benchmarking]] &ndash; 
* [[Organization:Board of directors|Board of directors]] &ndash; 
* Business &ndash; 
* [[Business intelligence]] &ndash; 
* [[Social:Business model|Business model]] &ndash; a profit-producing system that has an important degree of independence from the other systems within an enterprise. 
* [[Finance:Business operations|Business operations]] &ndash; are those ongoing recurring activities involved in the running of a business for the purpose of producing value for the stakeholders. They are contrasted with project management, and consist of business processes. 
* [[Finance:Business process|Business process]] &ndash; is a collection of related, structured activities or tasks that produce a specific service or product (serve a particular goal) for a particular customer or customers. There are three types of business processes: Management processes, Operational processes, and Supporting processes.
* [[Case study]] &ndash; is a research method which involves an in-depth, longitudinal examination of a single instance or event: a case. They provide a systematic way of looking at events, collecting data, analyzing information, and reporting the results. 
* [[Change control]] &ndash; the procedures used to ensure that changes (normally, but not necessarily, to IT systems) are introduced in a controlled and coordinated manner. Change control is a major aspect of the broader discipline of change management.
* Corporate image &ndash; 
* [[Social:Corporate title|Corporate title]]
* Costs &ndash; in economics, business, and accounting are the value of money that has been used up to produce something, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in which case the amount of money expended to acquire it is counted as cost.
* [[Social:Critical success factor|Critical success factor]] &ndash; 
* [[Social:Cross ownership|Cross ownership]] &ndash; 
* [[Social:Cultural intelligence|Cultural intelligence]] &ndash; 
* Deliverable &ndash; contractually required work product, produced and delivered to a required state. A deliverable may be a document, hardware, software or other tangible product.
* Enterprise modeling &ndash; is the process of understanding an enterprise business and improving its performance through creation of enterprise models. This includes the modelling of the relevant business domain (usually relatively stable), business processes (usually more volatile), and Information technology
* Environmental scanning &ndash; 
* [[Focused improvement]] &ndash; in Theory of Constraints is the ensemble of activities aimed at elevating the performance of any system, especially a business system, with respect to its goal by eliminating its constraints one by one and by not working on non-constraints.
* [[Social:Fordism|Fordism]] &ndash; named after Henry Ford, refers to various social theories. It has varying but related meanings in different fields, and for Marxist and non-Marxist scholars.
* [[Futures studies]] &ndash; 
* [[Industrial espionage]]
* Industry or market research
* [[Social:Innovation|Innovation]] &ndash; 
* [[Philosophy:Leadership|Leadership]] &ndash; 
* [[Finance:Lean manufacturing|Lean manufacturing]] &ndash; or lean production, which is often known simply as "Lean", is the practice of a theory of production that considers the expenditure of resources for any means other than the creation of value for the presumed customer to be wasteful, and thus a target for elimination.
* Level of Effort &ndash; (LOE) is qualified as a support type activity which does not lend itself to measurement of a discrete accomplishment. Examples of such an activity may be project budget accounting, customer liaison, etc.
* Manufacturing &ndash; 
* [[Finance:Marketing research|Marketing research]] &ndash; 
* [[Social:Middle management|Middle management]] &ndash; 
* [[Philosophy:Motivation|Motivation]] &ndash; is the set of reasons that determines one to engage in a particular behavior.
* [[Operations research]] &ndash; (OR) interdisciplinary branch of applied mathematics and formal science that uses methods such as mathematical modeling, statistics, and algorithms to arrive at optimal or near optimal solutions to complex problems.
* Operations, see Business operations 
* [[Organization:Organization development|Organization development]] &ndash; (OD) planned, structured, organization-wide effort to increase the organization's effectiveness and health.
* [[Organization:Organization|Organization]] &ndash; social arrangement which pursues collective goals, which controls its own performance, and which has a boundary separating it from its environment.
* [[Social:Shareholder rights plan|Poison pill]] &ndash; 
* [[Finance:Portfolio|Portfolio]] – in finance is an appropriate mix of or collection of investments held by an institution or a private individual.
* [[Process architecture]] &ndash; structural design of general process systems and applies to fields such as computers (software, hardware, networks, etc.), business processes (enterprise architecture, policy and procedures, logistics, project management, etc.), and any other process system of varying degrees of complexity.
* [[Finance:Profit (economics)|Profit]] &ndash; 
* Proport &ndash; combination of the unique skills of an organisation's members for collective advantage.
* [[Finance:Quality (business)|Quality]] – can mean a high degree of excellence ("a quality product"), a degree of excellence or the lack of it ("work of average quality"), or a property of something ("the addictive quality of alcohol").[1] Distinct from the vernacular, the subject of this article is the business interpretation of quality.
* Quality, Cost, Delivery (QCD) as used in lean manufacturing, measures a businesses activity and develops Key performance indicators. QCD analysis often forms a part of continuous improvement programs
* [[Finance:Business process reengineering|Reengineering]] &ndash; radical redesign of an organization's processes, especially its business processes. Rather than organizing a firm into functional specialties (like production, accounting, marketing, etc.) and considering the tasks that each function performs; complete processes from materials acquisition, to production, to marketing and distribution should be considered. The firm should be re-engineered into a series of processes.
* [[Reverse engineering]] &ndash; 
* [[Risk]] &ndash; is the precise probability of specific eventualities.
* [[Social:Senior management|Senior management]] &ndash; 
* [[Finance:Shareholder value|Shareholder value]] &ndash;
* [[Social:Strategic sustainable investing|Strategic sustainable investing]] &ndash; is an investment strategy that rewards companies that are moving society towards sustainability.
* Systems Development Life Cycle &ndash; (SDLC) is any logical process used by a systems analyst to develop an information system, including requirements, validation, training, and user ownership. An SDLC should result in a high quality system that meets or exceeds customer expectations, within time and cost estimates, works effectively and efficiently in the current and planned Information Technology infrastructure, and is cheap to maintain and cost-effective to enhance.<ref>[http://foldoc.org/foldoc.cgi?Systems+Development+Life+Cycle "Systems Development Life Cycle"]. In: Foldoc(2000-12-24)</ref> 
* [[Engineering:Systems engineering|Systems engineering]] &ndash; is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how complex engineering projects should be designed and managed.
* [[Philosophy:Task analysis|Task analysis]] &ndash; is the analysis or a breakdown of exactly how a task is accomplished, such as what sub-tasks are required 
* [[Timeline]] &ndash; is a graphical representation of a chronological sequence of events, also referred to as a ''chronology''. It can also mean a schedule of activities, such as a timetable.
* [[Engineering:Value engineering|Value engineering]] &ndash; (VE) is a systematic method to improve the "value" of goods and services by using an examination of function.  Value, as defined, is the ratio of function to [[Finance:Cost|cost]].  Value can therefore be increased by either improving the function or reducing the [[Finance:Cost|cost]].  It is a primary tenet of value engineering that basic functions be preserved and not be reduced as a consequence of pursuing value improvements.<ref>[http://www.value-eng.org/pdf_docs/monographs/vmstd.pdf Value Methodology Standard] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319204415/http://www.value-eng.org/pdf_docs/monographs/vmstd.pdf |date=2009-03-19 }}</ref>
* Wideband Delphi &ndash; is a consensus-based estimation technique for estimating effort.

== Business management education ==

  &ndash; teaching students the fundamentals, theories, and processes of business.
* {{annotated link|Social:Business school}} &ndash; university-level institution that confers degrees in business administration or management. Such a school can also be known as "school of management", "school of business administration", or, colloquially, "b-school" or "biz school".
* {{annotated link|Social:Entrepreneurship education}}
* {{annotated link|Finance:Executive education}}
* Managerial academic degrees
** Undergraduate-level degrees
*** {{annotated link|Social:Bachelor of Business Administration}} 
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Bachelor of Commerce}} 
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Bachelor of Business}} 
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Bachelor of Business Science}}
** Graduate-level degrees
*** {{annotated link|Social:Master of Business Administration}}  
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Master of Business and Management}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Master of Commerce}}
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Master of International Business}} 
*** {{annotated link|Social:Master of Management}}
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Master of Engineering Management}}
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Master of Finance}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Master of Public Administration}} &ndash; equivalent to an MBA, but for the public sector.
*** {{annotated link|Social:Master of Science in Management}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Professional Science Master's Degree}}
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Sustainable MBA}}
** Doctoral-level degrees
*** {{annotated link|Social:Doctor of Business Administration|abbreviation=DBA}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Doctor of Commerce|abbreviation=D.Com}} 
*** {{annotated link|Social:Doctor of Health Administration|abbreviation=D.H.A.}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Doctor of Management|abbreviation=D.M., D.Mgt}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Doctor of Public Administration|abbreviation=DPA}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:PhD in management|abbreviation=Ph.D}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:PhD-MBA}} ([[Social:Double degree|double degree]])

== People in business management ==

=== Management positions ===

* {{annotated link|Finance:Business executive}} – person responsible for running an organization
** {{annotated link|Social:Executive director}} senior manager of an organization, company, or corporation
** {{annotated link|Social:Executive officer}} high-ranking member of a corporation body, government or military
** {{annotated link|Finance:Music executive}} person within a record label who works in senior management. Also known as a record executive.
** {{annotated link|Social:Executive producer}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Business manager}} 
** {{annotated link|Social:Store manager}} 
** {{annotated link|Social:Senior management}} 
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief executive officer|abbreviation=CEO }}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief financial officer|abbreviation=CFO}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief marketing officer|abbreviation=CMO }}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief security officer|abbreviation=CSO}}
*** {{annotated link|Chief information officer|abbreviation=CIO}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:General counsel}} 
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief operating officer|abbreviation=COO}}
*** {{annotated link|Finance:Chief procurement officer|abbreviation=CPO}}
*** {{annotated link|Engineering:Chief technology officer|abbreviation=CTO}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief visionary officer|abbreviation=CVO}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief human resources officer|abbreviation=CHRO}}
*** {{annotated link|Social:Chief learning officer|abbreviation=CLO}}

=== Persons influential in business management ===

* Pioneers of management methods

== See also ==
* Archive 
* {{annotated link|Biology:Outline of economics}} 
* {{annotated link|Biology:Outline of marketing}} 
* {{annotated link|Biology:Outline of production}} 
* What to manage:
** {{annotated link|Social:Culture}} 
** {{annotated link|Science}} 
** {{annotated link|Organization:Society}} 
** {{annotated link|Engineering:Technology}}
* {{annotated link|Anthony triangle}} 
* {{annotated link|Data management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Human relations movement}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Industrial and organizational psychology}}
* {{annotated link|Social:Performance management}} 
* {{annotated link|Project management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Strategic planning}} 
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Technology management}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Team effectiveness}} 
* {{annotated link|Total quality management}} 
* {{annotated link|Philosophy:Workers' self-management|Self-management}} 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Administration (law)}} (for administration of an insolvent)
* {{annotated link|Organization:Board of directors}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Central administration}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Chairman}}
* {{annotated link|Organization:Charitable organization}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Chief executive officer}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Chief administrative officer}} 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Fundraising}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Human resources}} 
* {{annotated link|Engineering:Nonprofit organization}} 
* {{annotated link|Finance:Private sector}} 
* {{annotated link|Social:Public sector}} 

==References==
{{reflist}}
*Wing, Y, Hsing, M & Chen L (2008).Research on Business Strategy and Performance Evaluation in Collaborative Design. International Journal of Electronic Business Management. 6(2), 57–69.

== External links ==


[[Category:Outlines|Business management]]
[[Category:Business terms|Management]]

{{Sourceattribution|Outline of business management}}