Biology:PRR23C

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


Proline-rich protein 23C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the proline-rich 23C (PRR23C) gene.

Gene

PRR23C Homo sapiens is located on the long arm of chromosome 3, (3q23) on the antisense strand.[1] When pertaining to the mRNA of PRR23C Homo sapiens, it is 2,791 bp in length.[2] PRR23C Homo sapiens has one exon covering the entire length of mRNA (1-2,791 bp).[3] PRR23C Homo sapiens has a clone name of FLJ46210.[4]

Expression

PRR23C Homo sapiens is expressed in the testis.[5] Ottolini et al. (2014) discussed the PRR23 family to which they revealed that through RNA sequencing data, that PRR23A, PRR23B and PRR23C are testis-specific genes.[6] Ottolini et al. (2014) believes that this family may be a crucial part for the male reproductive system given their RNA-seq data findings.[7]

Protein

Proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens is 262 amino acids long[8] with a calculated molecular weight of 27,674 Da.[9] Proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens has a domain of unknown function (DUF2476) that spans the majority of the protein (1-259 aa) which is a conserved domain.[10] DUF2476 belongs to pfam10630 which is a part of superfamily c|11241.[11] DUF2476 is a family of proteins that are rich in proline residues and have unknown function.[12] Proline-rich protein 23C is the preferred name but other aliases include proline-rich protein 23A.[13]

Protein composition

Proline is predicted to be the most abundant amino acid in proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens.[14] In comparison to the prevalence of amino acids in other human proteins, it is predicted that proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens has a higher abundance of proline along with very low abundances of asparagine, threonine, and lysine.[15] Orthologs for this protein are predicted to also have a high abundance of proline.[16]

Isoelectric point

The basal isoelectric point for PRR23C Homo sapiens was 4.48 (pH) according to phoshosite.org.[17]

Sub-cellular localization

Proline-rich protein 23C is predicted to localize to the nucleus for the human protein and its orthologs.[18] There are predicted nuclear localization signals seen in both the human proline-rich protein 23C and its orthologs.[19]

Homology

Orthologs

PRR23C Homo sapiens is strictly conserved in mammals.[20] The table below lists mammalian orthologs for PRR23C Homo sapiens .[21]

Genus & Species Common Name Accession Number[22] Seq. Length[23] Seq. Identity[24] Seq. Similarity[25]
Homo sapiens Human NP_001128129.1 262 aa 100% 100%
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee XP_003310067.1 263 aa 98.50% 98%
Gorilla gorilla gorilla Western lowland gorilla XP_004037787.1 263 aa 96.60% 98%
Pongo pygmaeus Bornean orangutan XP_002814147.1 263 aa 94.70% 95%
Nomascus leucogenys Northern white-cheeked gibbon XP_003265349.1 262 aa 94.70% 95%
Chlorocebus sabaeus Green monkey XP_008007123.1 263 aa 92% 94%
Rhinopithecus roxellana Golden snub-nosed monkey XP_010365056.1 263 aa 91.60% 93%
Papio anubis Olive baboon XP_003895087.1 263 aa 94.70% 93%
Callithrix jacchus Common marmoset XP_002759594.1 248 aa 72.90% 77%
Otolemur garnettii Northern greater galago XP_003789481.1 267 aa 66.50% 71%
Ceratotherium simum simum White rhinoceros XP_004419371.1 263 aa 63.70% 75%
Pteropus alecto Black flying fox XP_006907344.1 268 aa 50.90% 68%
Myotis lucifugus Little brown bat XP_006083994.1 257 aa 61.20% 64%
Bubalus bubalis Water buffalo XP_006070045.1 258 aa 55.40% 62%
Bison bison bison American bison XP_010856601.1 258 aa 51.90% 61%
Bos mutus Yak XP_005909007.1 258 aa 51.50% 61%
Lipotes vexillifer Baiji XP_007458979.1 260 aa 51.50% 64%
Tursiops truncatus Common bottlenose dolphin XP_004330081.1 261 aa 54.50% 61%
Balaenoptera acutorostrata scammoni Minke whale XP_007170446.1 255 aa 53.60% 61%
Physeter catodon Sperm whale XP_007117538.1 260 aa 53.80% 64%
Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii Prairie deer mouse XP_006975251.1 266 aa 50.90% 60%

Paralogs

There were two paralogs found for PRR23C Homo sapiens: PRR23B and PRR23A. Both have similar sequence identities with PRR23B having 86% identity and PRR23A having 85% identity.[26]

References

  1. ↑ "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1. 
  2. ↑ Homo sapiens proline rich 23C (PRR23C), mRNA. May 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/197927230. 
  3. ↑ Homo sapiens proline rich 23C (PRR23C), mRNA. May 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/197927230. 
  4. ↑ "PRR23C proline rich 23C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&list_uids=389152. 
  5. ↑ "EST Profile - Hs.531377". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/ESTProfileViewer.cgi?uglist=Hs.531377. 
  6. ↑ Ottolini, Barbara; Hornsby, Michael J.; Abujaber, Razan; MacArthur, Jacqueline A.L.; Badge, Richard M.; Schwarzacher, Trude; Albertson, Donna G.; Bevins, Charles L. et al. (October 18, 2014). "Evidence of Convergent Evolution in Humans and Macaques Supports an Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation of the b-Defensin-2 Gene". Genome Biology and Evolution 6 (11): 3025–3038. doi:10.1093/gbe/evu236. PMID 25349268. 
  7. ↑ Ottolini, Barbara; Hornsby, Michael J.; Abujaber, Razan; MacArthur, Jacqueline A.L.; Badge, Richard M.; Schwarzacher, Trude; Albertson, Donna G.; Bevins, Charles L. et al. (October 18, 2014). "Evidence of Convergent Evolution in Humans and Macaques Supports an Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation of the b-Defensin-2 Gene". Genome Biology and Evolution 6 (11): 3025–3038. doi:10.1093/gbe/evu236. PMID 25349268. 
  8. ↑ "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1. 
  9. ↑ "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1. 
  10. ↑ "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001128129.1. 
  11. ↑ "CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: DUF2476". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=256097. 
  12. ↑ "CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: DUF2476". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=256097. 
  13. ↑ "PRR23C proline rich 23C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=retrieve&list_uids=389152. 
  14. ↑ Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.
  15. ↑ Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.
  16. ↑ Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.
  17. ↑ "PhosphoSitePlus". http://www.phosphosite.org. 
  18. ↑ PSORTII http://www.genscript.com/psort/psort2.html
  19. ↑ PSORTII http://www.genscript.com/psort/psort2.html
  20. ↑ "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query". http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome. 
  21. ↑ "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query". http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome. 
  22. ↑ "Home - Protein - NCBI". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/. 
  23. ↑ "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query". http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome. 
  24. ↑ "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query". http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome. 
  25. ↑ "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query". http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome. 
  26. ↑ "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query". http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastp&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome. 



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