Biology:Vaccinium reticulatum
| Vaccinium reticulatum | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Ericaceae |
| Genus: | Vaccinium |
| Species: | V. reticulatum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Vaccinium reticulatum | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
 Vaccinium reticulatum fruits, Maui | |
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 117 kJ (28 kcal) |
6.84 g | |
0.22 g | |
0.38 g | |
| Vitamins | Quantity %DV† |
| Vitamin A equiv. | 5% 42 μg |
| Thiamine (B1) | 1% 0.017 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) | 3% 0.036 mg |
| Niacin (B3) | 2% 0.27 mg |
| Vitamin C | 7% 6 mg |
| Minerals | Quantity %DV† |
| Calcium | 1% 7 mg |
| Iron | 1% 0.09 mg |
| Magnesium | 2% 6 mg |
| Phosphorus | 1% 10 mg |
| Potassium | 1% 38 mg |
| |
| †Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database | |
Vaccinium reticulatum, known as ʻōhelo ʻai in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the heather family, Ericaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It grows at altitudes of 640–3,700 m (2,100–12,140 ft) on lava flows and freshly disturbed volcanic ash on Maui and Hawaiʻi, and less commonly on Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, and Molokaʻi. Adaptations to volcanic activity include the ability to survive ash falls of over 25 cm (9.8 in) depth.
Description
ʻŌhelo ʻai is a shrub usually 0.1–1.3 m (3.9 in–4 ft 3.2 in) tall, rarely up to 2 m (6.6 ft). The leaves are evergreen, spirally arranged, leathery, oval, 1–3 cm (1⁄2–1 1⁄4 in) long, red when freshly emerging, then green or green with reddish patches. The flowers are bell-shaped, 8–12 mm (5⁄16–1⁄2 in) long, variable in color, red to yellow or pink.
Fruit
The fruit is an edible berry 8–14 mm (0.31–0.55 in) diameter, ranging in color from blue to purple to red to orange to yellow. The color does not necessarily indicate the ripeness of the berries. The berries taste somewhat similar to the related cranberries, less ripe ones being tart, while ripe berries are quite sweet but bland. They are an important food source for the nēnē (Branta sandvicensis); the seeds are dispersed in the birds' droppings (endozoochory).
Uses
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) can be obtained by the means of V. pahalae in vitro cell culture.[2]
See also
References
- ↑ "Vaccinium reticulatum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=VARE.
- ↑ Kandil, F. E.; Song, L.; Pezzuto, J. M.; Marley, K.; Seigler, D. S.; Smith, M. A. L. (2000). "Isolation of oligomeric proanthocyanidins from flavonoid-producing cell cultures". In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant 36 (6): 492. doi:10.1007/s11627-000-0088-1.
- Plants of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park: Vaccinium reticulatum
- "Invasion and Recovery of Vegetation after a Volcanic Eruption in Hawaii (Chapter 6)". 1998-04-24. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/science/5/chap6.htm.
- "Vaccinium reticulatum - Plants of Hawaii". http://www.starrenvironmental.com/images/search/?q=Vaccinium+reticulatum&sort=interestingness-desc&show=show.
- "ITIS Standard Report Page: Vaccinium reticulatum". https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=23622#null.
External links
- "ʻŌhelo". Kapiolani Community College. 2010-06-10. http://old.kcc.hawaii.edu/campus/tour/plants/pohelo.htm.
- "Vaccinium reticulatum". Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Database. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. http://www2.hawaii.edu/~eherring/hawnprop/vac-reti.htm.
- "ohelo, ohelo kau laau (V. calycinum), olelo ai (V. reticulatum)". Hawaii Ethnobotany Online Database. Bernice P. Bishop Museum. http://data.bishopmuseum.org/ethnobotanydb/ethnobotany.php?b=d&ID=ohelo.
Wikidata ☰ Q2081166 entry
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