Chemistry:Mugearite
| Igneous rock | |
 Mugearite lava flow (on right); flow on left is hawaiite; at North Berwick, Scotland | |
| Composition | |
|---|---|
| oligoclase, olivine |
Mugearite (/ˈmʌɡiəraɪt/) is a type of oligoclase-bearing basalt, comprising olivine, apatite, and opaque oxides. The main feldspar in mugearite is oligoclase.[1]
Mugearite is a sodium-rich member of the alkaline magma series. In the TAS classification of volcanic rock, mugearite is classified as sodium-rich basaltic trachyandesite.[2]
Examples
Western Scotland
Mugearite was first identified at Mugeary on the island of Skye, Scotland by Alfred Harker in 1904.[3] Outcrops of mugearite also occur on the island of Mull. These examples of mugearite were formed during a period of continental flood basalt[4] volcanic activity that happened in western Scotland during the Paleogene period of the Earth's geological history, when the North Atlantic Ocean opened between Europe and North America.
Oceanic islands
Mugearite has been erupted by the volcanoes of some oceanic islands at hotspots. Examples are Hawaii, Ascension Island, Saint Helena, Réunion, Mauritius and Tahiti.[5]
Mars
Analysis of a Martian rock found by the Curiosity rover and named "Jake Matijevic" (or "Jake M"), after a NASA engineer, determined that this Martian rock is very similar to mugearite erupted on Earth.[3][6][7][8]
References
- ↑ "Mugearite". http://www.webref.org/geology/m/mugearite.htm.
- ↑ Le Bas, M. J.; Streckeisen, A. L. (1991). "The IUGS systematics of igneous rocks". Journal of the Geological Society 148 (5): 825–833. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.148.5.0825. Bibcode: 1991JGSoc.148..825L.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Amos, Jonathan (17 October 2012). "Cosmic coincidence on the road to Glenelg". BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/19979798.
- ↑ Williamson, I. T.; Bell, B. R. (1994). "The Palaeocene lava field of west-central Skye, Scotland: Stratigraphy, palaeogeography and structure". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 85 (1): 39–75. doi:10.1017/S0263593300006301.
- ↑ https://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/eens211/igneous_rocks_plate_tectonics.htm
- ↑ Stolper, E.M.; Baker, M.B.; Newcombe, M.E.; Schmidt, M.E.; Treiman, A.H.; Cousin, A.; Dyar, M.D.; Fisk, M.R. et al. (2013). "The Petrochemistry of Jake_M: A Martian Mugearite". Science (AAAS) 341 (6153): 1239463. doi:10.1126/science.1239463. PMID 24072927. Bibcode: 2013Sci...341E...4S. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/41547/13/Jake_M%20Stolper%20et%20al.%20%282013%29%20Science.pdf.
- ↑ Grotzinger, John (September 26, 2013). "Introduction To Special Issue: Analysis of Surface Materials by the Curiosity Mars Rover". Science 341 (6153): 1475. doi:10.1126/science.1244258. PMID 24072916. Bibcode: 2013Sci...341.1475G.
- ↑ Webster, Guy; Brown, Dwayne (September 26, 2013). "Science Gains From Diverse Landing Area of Curiosity". NASA. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/news/msl20130926.html.
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