Software:List of Microsoft Windows versions

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Original Windows logo from 1985
Current Windows logo (introduced in 2021)
Timeline showing releases of Windows for personal computers and servers

Microsoft Windows is a computer operating system developed by Microsoft. It was first launched in 1985 as a graphical operating system built on MS-DOS. The initial version was followed by several subsequent releases, and by the early 1990s, the Windows line had split into two separate lines of releases: Windows 9x for consumers and Windows NT for businesses and enterprises. In the following years, several further variants of Windows would be released: Windows CE in 1996 for embedded systems; Pocket PC in 2000 (renamed to Windows Mobile in 2003 and Windows Phone in 2010) for personal digital assistants and, later, smartphones; Windows Holographic in 2016 for AR/VR headsets; and several other editions.

Personal computer versions

A "personal computer" version of Windows is considered to be a version that end-users or OEMs can install on personal computers, including desktop computers, laptops, and workstations.

The first five versions of Windows–Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, Windows 2.1, Windows 3.0, and Windows 3.1–were all based on MS-DOS, and were aimed at both consumers and businesses. However, Windows 3.1 had two separate successors, splitting the Windows line in two: the consumer-focused "Windows 9x" line, consisting of Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me; and the professional Windows NT line, comprising Windows NT 3.1, Windows NT 3.5, Windows NT 3.51, Windows NT 4.0, and Windows 2000. These two lines were reunited into a single line with the NT-based Windows XP; this Windows release succeeded both Windows Me and Windows 2000 and had separate editions for consumer and professional use. Since Windows XP, multiple further versions of Windows have been released, the most recent of which is Windows 11.

Name Codename Release date Version Editions Build number Architecture End of support
Windows 1.01 Interface Manager 1985-11-20 1.01 N/A N/A x86-16 2001-12-31
Windows 1.02 N/A 1986-05-14 1.02 N/A N/A
Windows 1.03 N/A 1986-08-21 1.03 N/A N/A
Windows 1.04 N/A 1987-04-10 1.04 N/A N/A
Windows 2.01 N/A 1987-12-09 2.01 N/A N/A x86-16, IA-32
Windows 2.03 N/A 1987-12-09 2.03 N/A N/A
Windows 2.1 N/A 1988-05-27 2.10 N/A N/A
Windows 2.11 N/A 1989-03-13 2.11 N/A N/A
Windows 3.0 N/A 1990-05-22 3.00
  • Windows 3.00a
  • Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions
 N/A
Windows 3.1 N/A 1992-04-06 3.10
  • Windows 3.1
 103
Sparta[lower-alpha 1] 1992-10-31
  • Windows for Workgroups 3.1
 102 IA-32
Windows NT 3.1 Razzle[1] 1993-07-27 NT 3.1
  • Windows NT 3.1
 528 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS 2000-12-31
Windows 3.11 N/A 1993-11-08 3.11
  • Windows 3.11
 ? x86-16, IA-32 2001-12-31
Snowball
  • Windows for Workgroups 3.11
 300 IA-32
Windows 3.2 N/A 1993-11-22 3.2
  • Windows 3.2
 153 x86-16, IA-32
Windows NT 3.5 Daytona 1994-09-21 NT 3.5
  • Windows NT 3.5 Workstation
 807 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC
Windows NT 3.51 1995-05-30 NT 3.51
  • Windows NT 3.51 Workstation
 1057
Windows 95 Chicago 1995-08-24 4.00
  • Windows 95
 950 IA-32
Windows NT 4.0 Shell Update Release 1996-08-24 NT 4.0
  • Windows NT 4.0 Workstation
 1381 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC 2004-06-30
Windows 98 Memphis[lower-alpha 2] 1998-06-25 4.10
  • Windows 98
 1998 IA-32 2006-07-11
Windows 98 Second Edition N/A 1999-05-05
  • Windows 98 Second Edition
 2222A
Windows 2000 Windows NT 5.0 2000-02-17 NT 5.0
  • Windows 2000 Professional
 2195 IA-32 2010-07-13
Windows Me Millennium 2000-09-14 4.90
  • Windows Me
 3000 IA-32 2006-07-11
Windows XP Whistler 2001-10-25 NT 5.1
  • Windows XP Starter
  • Windows XP Home
  • Windows XP Professional
 2600 IA-32 2014-04-08
  • Windows XP 64-bit Edition
 Itanium
Freestyle 2002-10-29 IA-32
Harmony 2003-09-30
Symphony 2004-10-12 2700
Emerald 2005-10-14
  • Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005 Update Rollup 2
 2710
Anvil 2005-04-25 NT 5.2 3790 x86-64
Windows Vista Longhorn[3] 2007-01-30 NT 6.0
  • Windows Vista Starter
  • Windows Vista Home Basic
  • Windows Vista Home Premium
  • Windows Vista Business
  • Windows Vista Enterprise
  • Windows Vista Ultimate
 6002[lower-alpha 3] IA-32, x86-64 2017-04-11
Windows 7 Windows 7[4] 2009-10-22 NT 6.1
  • Windows 7 Starter
  • Windows 7 Home Basic
  • Windows 7 Home Premium
  • Windows 7 Professional
  • Windows 7 Enterprise
  • Windows 7 Ultimate
 7601[lower-alpha 4] IA-32, x86-64 2020-01-14
Windows 8 Windows 8 2012-10-26 NT 6.2
  • Windows 8
  • Windows 8 Pro
  • Windows 8 Enterprise
 9200 IA-32, x86-64 2016-01-12
Windows 8.1 Blue[5] 2013-10-17 NT 6.3
  • Windows 8.1
  • Windows 8.1 Pro
  • Windows 8.1 Enterprise
 9600 IA-32, x86-64 2023-01-10
2014-05-23[lower-alpha 5]
  • Windows 8.1 with Bing
Windows 10 version 1507 Threshold[6][lower-alpha 6] 2015-07-29 NT 10.0[lower-alpha 7][lower-alpha 8] 10240 IA-32, x86-64 2025-10-14[8][lower-alpha 13]
Windows 10 version 1511 Threshold 2 2015-11-10 1511 10586
Windows 10 version 1607 Redstone 1[9] 2016-08-02 1607 14393
Windows 10 version 1703 Redstone 2[10] 2017-04-05 1703 15063
Windows 10 version 1709 Redstone 3[11] 2017-10-17 1709 16299 IA-32, x86-64, ARM64
Windows 10 version 1803 Redstone 4 2018-04-30 1803 17134
Windows 10 version 1809 Redstone 5[12] 2018-11-13 1809 17763
Windows 10 version 1903 19H1[13] 2019-05-21 1903 18362
Windows 10 version 1909 Vanadium[lower-alpha 14][15] 2019-11-12 1909 18363
Windows 10 version 2004 Vibranium[15][16][lower-alpha 15] 2020-05-27 2004 19041
Windows 10 version 20H2 2020-10-20 20H2 19042
Windows 10 version 21H1 2021-05-18 21H1 19043
Windows 10 version 21H2 2021-11-16 21H2 19044
Windows 10 version 22H2 2022-10-18 22H2 19045
Windows 11 version 21H2 Sun Valley[lower-alpha 16] 2021-10-05 21H2
  • Windows 11 Home
  • Windows 11 Pro
  • Windows 11 Pro for Workstations
  • Windows 11 Pro Education
  • Windows 11 Education
  • Windows 11 Enterprise
  • Windows 11 SE
 22000 x86-64, ARM64 2023-10-10[lower-alpha 17]
Windows 11 version 22H2 Sun Valley 2 2022-09-20 22H2 22621 2024-10-08[lower-alpha 17]
Windows 11 version 23H2 N/A 2023-10-31 23H2 22631 2025-11-11[lower-alpha 17]

Mobile versions

Mobile versions refer to versions of Windows that can run on smartphones or personal digital assistants.

Pocket PC 2000 logo
Windows Phone 7 logo
Windows Phone 8 logo
Windows Phone 8.1 logo
Logo used for Windows 10 and Windows 10 Mobile
Name Codename Architecture Release
date 		Version Number
Pocket PC 2000 Rapier ARMv4, MIPS, SH-3 2000-04-19 CE 3.0
Pocket PC 2002 Merlin ARMv4 2001-10-04
Windows Mobile 2003 Ozone ARMv5 2003-06-23 CE 4.x
Windows Mobile 2003 SE N/A 2004-03-24
Windows Mobile 5.0 Magneto 2005-05-09 CE 5.0
Windows Mobile 6.0 Crossbow 2007-02-12
Windows Mobile 6.1 N/A 2008-04-01 CE 5.2
Windows Mobile 6.1.4 6 on 6 2008-11-11[18]
Windows Mobile 6.5 Titanium 2009-05-11 CE 6.0
Windows Phone 7[lower-alpha 18] N/A ARMv7 2010-10-29
Windows Phone 7.5 Mango 2011-09-27
Windows Phone 7.8 N/A 2013-02-01
Windows Phone 8 Apollo 2012-10-29 NT 6.2
Windows Phone 8.1 Blue 2014-04-14 NT 6.3
Windows 10 Mobile, version 1511 Threshold 2 2015-11-12 1511
Windows 10 Mobile, version 1607 Redstone 1 2016-08-16 1607
Windows 10 Mobile, version 1703 Redstone 2 2017-04-24 1703
Windows 10 Mobile, version 1709 feature2[19] 2017-10-24 1709

Server versions

Name Codename Release date Version number Editions Build number Architecture End of support
Windows NT 3.1 Razzle 1993-07-27 NT 3.1
  • Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server
 528 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS 2000-12-31
Windows NT 3.5 Daytona 1994-09-20 NT 3.5
  • Windows NT 3.5 Server
 807 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC 2001-12-31
Windows NT 3.51 1995-05-29 NT 3.51
  • Windows NT 3.51 Server
 1057 2001-12-31
Windows NT 4.0 Shell Update Release 1996-07-29 NT 4.0
  • Windows NT 4.0 Server
  • Windows NT 4.0 Server Enterprise
  • Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server Edition
 1381 2004-12-31
Windows 2000 NT 5.0 2000-02-17 NT 5.0
  • Windows 2000 Server
  • Windows 2000 Advanced Server
  • Windows 2000 Datacenter Server
 2195 IA-32 2010-07-13
Windows Server 2003 Whistler Server 2003-04-24 NT 5.2
  • Windows Server Web
  • Windows Server Standard
  • Windows Server Enterprise
  • Windows Server Datacenter
  • Windows Storage Server
 3790 IA-32, x86-64, Itanium 2015-07-14
Windows Server 2003 R2 Whistler Server 2005-12-06 2015-07-14
Windows Server 2008 Longhorn Server 2008-02-27 NT 6.0
  • Windows Server Foundation
  • Windows Server Standard
  • Windows Server Enterprise
  • Windows Server Datacenter
  • Windows Server for Itanium-based Systems
  • Windows Storage Server
  • Windows Web Server
 6003[lower-alpha 3] IA-32, x86-64, Itanium 2020-01-14
Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 7 2009-10-22 NT 6.1 7601[lower-alpha 4] x86-64, Itanium 2020-01-14
Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 8 2012-09-04 NT 6.2
  • Windows Server Foundation
  • Windows Server Essentials
  • Windows Server Standard
  • Windows Server Datacenter
 9200 x86-64 2023-10-10
Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows Server Blue 2013-10-17 NT 6.3 9600 2023-10-10
Windows Server 2016 — 2016-10-12 1607[20]
  • Windows Server Essentials[lower-alpha 19]
  • Windows Server Standard
  • Windows Server Datacenter
 14393 2027-01-12
Windows Server, version 1709[21] — 2017-10-17 1709 16299 2019-04-09
Windows Server, version 1803[22] — 2018-04-30 1803 17134 2019-11-12
Windows Server, version 1809 — 2018-11-13[23] 1809 17763 2020-11-10
Windows Server 2019[20] — 2029-01-09[20]
Windows Server, version 1903[20] — 2019-05-21 1903 18362 2020-12-08[20]
Windows Server, version 1909[20] — 2019-11-12 1909 18363 2021-05-11[20]
Windows Server, version 2004[24] — 2020-06-26 2004 19041 2021-12-14[20]
Windows Server, version 20H2[24] — 2020-10-20 20H2 19042 2022-08-09[20]
Windows Server 2022 — 2021-08-18 21H2[25] 20348 2031-10-14[20]

High-performance computing (HPC) servers

Name Codename Release date Based on
Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003 N/A 2006-06-09 Windows Server 2003 R2
Windows HPC Server 2008 Socrates 2008-09-22 Windows Server 2008
Windows HPC Server 2008 R2 N/A 2010-09-20 Windows Server 2008 R2

Windows Essential Business Server

Name Codename Release date End-of-support date Build number Based on
Windows Essential Business Server 2008 Centro 2008-09-15 2020-01-14 5700 Windows Server 2008

Windows Home Server

Name Codename Release date End-of-support date Based on
Windows Home Server Quattro 2007-11-04 2013-01-08 Windows Server 2003 R2
Windows Home Server 2011 Vail 2011-04-06 2016-04-12 Windows Server 2008 R2

Windows MultiPoint Server

Windows MultiPoint Server was an operating system based on Windows Server. It was succeeded by the MultiPoint Services role in Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server version 1709. It was no longer being developed in Windows Server version 1803 and later versions.

Name Codename Release date End-of-support date Version number Build number Based on
Windows MultiPoint Server 2010 Solution Server 2010-02-24 2020-07-14 NT 6.1 537 Windows Server 2008 R2
Windows MultiPoint Server 2011 WMS 2 2011-05-12 2021-07-13 1600 Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1
Windows MultiPoint Server 2012 WMS 3 2012-10-30 2023-10-10 NT 6.2 2506 Windows Server 2012

Windows Small Business Server

Name Codename Release date End-of-support date Build number Based on
Small Business Server 2000 N/A 2001-02-21 2010-07-13 1343 Windows 2000 Server
Windows Small Business Server 2003 Bobcat 2003-10-09 2015-07-14 2893 Windows Server 2003
Windows Small Business Server 2008 Cougar 2008-08-21 2020-01-14 5601 Windows Server 2008
Windows Small Business Server 2011 Standard Windows Small Business Server 7 2010-12-13 2020-01-14 7900 Windows Server 2008 R2
Windows Small Business Server 2011 Essentials Colorado 2011-06-28 2013-01-05 8800

Device versions

ARM-based tablets

Main page: Windows RT
Windows RT logo
The Surface RT (shown with keyboard cover attached) was the flagship Windows RT device upon its release.

In 2012 and 2013, Microsoft released versions of Windows specially designed to run on ARM-based tablets; these versions of Windows, named "Windows RT" and "Windows RT 8.1," were based on Windows 8 and Windows 8.1, respectively. Upon the release of Windows 10 in 2015, the ARM-specific version for large tablets was discontinued; large tablets (such as the Surface Pro 4) were only released with x86 processors and could run the full version of Windows 10. Windows 10 Mobile had the ability to be installed on smaller tablets (up to nine inches);[26] however, very few such tablets were released, and Windows 10 Mobile primarily ended up only running on smartphones until its discontinuation. In 2017, the full version of Windows 10 gained the ability to run on ARM, thus rendering a specific version of Windows for ARM-based tablets unnecessary.

Name Release date Version number Build number Based on
Windows RT 2012-10-26 NT 6.2 9200 Windows 8
Windows RT 8.1 2013-10-18 NT 6.3 9600 Windows 8.1

Mixed reality and virtual reality headsets

Main page: Software:Windows Mixed Reality
Name Build number
Windows 10 Holographic, version 1607[27] 14393
Windows 10 Holographic, version 1803[27] 17134
Windows 10 Holographic, version 1809[27] 17763
Windows Holographic, version 1903[28] 18362
Windows Holographic, version 2004[28] 19041
Windows Holographic, version 20H2[28] 19041
Windows Holographic, version 21H1[28] 20346
Windows Holographic, version 21H2[28] 20348
Windows Holographic, version 22H1[28] 20348

Surface Hub

Microsoft originally announced the Surface Hub, an interactive whiteboard, in January 2015. The Surface Hub family of devices runs a custom variant of Windows 10 known as Windows 10 Team.

Name Build number
Windows 10 Team, version 1511[29] 10586
Windows 10 Team, version 1607[29] 14393
Windows 10 Team, version 1703[29] 15063
Windows 10 Team, version 20H2[29] 19042

Windows XP-based tablets

Tablet computer running a "Tablet PC Edition" of Windows XP

Two versions of Windows XP were released that were optimized for tablets. Beginning with Windows Vista, all tablet-specific components were included in the main version of the operating system.

Name Codename Release date Version number Build number Based on
Windows XP Tablet PC Edition N/A 2002-11-07 NT 5.1 2600 Windows XP
Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005 Lonestar 2004-08 NT 5.1 2600 Windows XP

Embedded versions

Windows Embedded Compact

Main page: Software:Windows Embedded Compact
Name Codename(s) Release date
Windows CE 1.0 Pegasus; Alder 1996-11-16
Windows CE 2.0 Jupiter; Birch 1997-09-29
Windows CE 2.1 N/A 1998-07
Windows CE 2.11 N/A 1998-10
Windows CE 2.12 N/A 1999
Windows CE 3.0 Cedar; Galileo 2000
Windows CE 4.0 Talisker 2002-01-07
Windows CE 4.1 Jameson 2002-07-30
Windows CE 4.2 McKendric 2003-04-23
Windows CE 5.0 Macallan 2004-07-09
Windows Embedded CE 6.0 Yamakazi 2006-11-01
Windows Embedded Compact 7 Chelan 2011-03-01
Windows Embedded Compact 2013 N/A 2013-06-13

Windows Embedded Standard

Name Codename Release date Based on
Windows NT Embedded 4.0 Impala 1999-08-30 Windows NT 4.0 Workstation
Windows XP Embedded Mantis 2001-11-28 Windows XP Professional
Windows Embedded Standard 2009 N/A 2008-12-14 Windows XP Service Pack 3
Windows Embedded Standard 7 Quebec 2010 Windows 7
Windows Embedded 8 N/A 2013 Windows 8
Windows Embedded 8.1 N/A 2013 Windows 8.1

Other embedded versions

Cancelled versions

Cancelled personal computer versions

Codename Intended name Discontinuation Version Latest known build number Notes
Cairo N/A 1996 NT 4.0 1175 Originally announced at the 1991 Microsoft Professional Developers Conference, Cairo was the codename of a project whose charter was to build technologies for a next-generation operating system that would fulfill Bill Gates's vision of "information at your fingertips".[30] Cairo never shipped, although portions of its technologies have since appeared in other products.
Nashville[lower-alpha 20] Windows 96 1996 4.1 999 Nashville was an operating system planned to have been released between Windows 95 and Windows 98, presumably under the "Windows 96" moniker.
Neptune N/A Early 2000 NT 5.50 5111 Neptune, based on the Windows 2000 codebase, was planned to be the first version of Microsoft Windows NT to have a consumer edition variant. A version was sent out to testers but was never released.[31] The teams working on Neptune and Odyssey eventually combined to work on Windows XP.
Odyssey N/A Early 2000 NT 6.0[32] N/A Odyssey was planned to be the successor of Windows 2000. The teams working on Neptune and Odyssey eventually combined to work on Windows XP.
Triton N/A Early 2000 N/A N/A Triton was planned to be the successor of Windows Neptune and had been scheduled to be released in March 2001.
Blackcomb N/A 2006-01 N/A N/A Blackcomb was originally planned to be a release of Windows following Windows XP. However, due to the large feature scope planned for Blackcomb, a smaller release codenamed "Longhorn" was planned first, and Blackcomb was delayed to 2003/2004. Both projects faced delays; Longhorn would go on to be released to consumers as "Windows Vista" in January 2007, while development on Blackcomb continued until the Blackcomb project was renamed "Vienna" in early 2006.
Vienna N/A 2007-07[lower-alpha 21] N/A N/A Vienna replaced Blackcomb and was intended as Windows Vista's successor. Vienna was eventually cancelled in favor of a new project codenamed "Windows 7" (which went on to be released in 2009 with the same name).
Polaris N/A 2018 N/A 16299 Cancelled in favor of Santorini
Santorini[lower-alpha 22] Windows 10X 2021-05-18[lower-alpha 23][34] 21H1 20279 Microsoft had been reported as working on a new "lite" version of Windows as early as December 2018.[35] Such a version was officially announced under the name "Windows 10X" at an event in October 2019; the operating system was intended to first launch on dual-screen devices. In May 2020, Microsoft announced that Windows 10X would instead be launching on single-screen PCs, such as laptops and 2-in-1 devices, first.[36] However, on May 18, 2021, Microsoft announced that Windows 10X would not be launching (at least not in 2021); many of its features were instead rolled into Windows 11.

Cancelled mobile versions

Codename Intended name Discontinuation Notes
Photon Windows Mobile 7 September 2008[37] Originally a successor of Windows Mobile, it had been scrapped for Windows Phone 7[38][39]
Phoenix N/A Early 2017 Cancelled when Microsoft "wound down" its phone efforts.[40]
Andromeda N/A Mid-2018 Much of the work that was put into Andromeda was migrated into Santorini. The Surface Duo, a dual-screen Android-powered smartphone launched by Microsoft in 2020, was loosely based on the prototype hardware that had been used to test Andromeda.[41]

Cancelled server versions

Codename Intended name Discontinuation Latest known build number
Cascades Windows Essential Business Server 2008 R2 April 7, 2010[lower-alpha 23] 7224

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Originally codenamed Winball
  2. ↑ Has also been called ChiCairo and London.[2]
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 originally had the build number 6000 when they were first released; the build number was increased by one with each of the two subsequent Service Packs.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 originally had the build number 7600 when they were first released; the build number was increased to 7601 with the release of Service Pack 1.
  5. ↑ Announcement date
  6. ↑ Retroactively referred to as Threshold 1
  7. ↑ Early preview builds of Windows 10 had the version number NT 6.4.[7]
  8. ↑ Retroactively referred to as version 1507
  9. ↑ Windows 10 Pro for Workstations became a Windows 10 edition starting with version 1709. Prior versions of Windows 10 do not include this as an edition.
  10. ↑ Windows 10 versions 1507 and 1511 do not include a "Windows 10 Pro Education" edition; that edition was only added with version 1607.
  11. ↑ Windows 10 S is only available in version 1703 and 1709.
  12. ↑ Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC is only available for versions 1507, 1607, 1809, and 21H2. It had originally been named Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB in version 1507.
  13. ↑ October 14, 2025 is the general end-of-support date for Windows 10. Specific versions and editions of Windows 10 have different end of support dates; see Windows 10 version history for a breakdown of dates by version and edition.
  14. ↑ Originally codenamed 19H2[14]
  15. ↑ Vibranium was the codename for Windows 10 version 2004. During the 20H2, 21H1, and 21H2 development cycles, builds were compiled under the codenames Manganese, Iron, and Cobalt, respectively. However, the versions of 20H2 and 21H1 that were released were built on top of version 2004 instead of these new builds. Windows 10 version 21H2 was similarly built on top of the Vibranium/2004 codebase instead of the Cobalt codebase; Cobalt builds were instead used as the base for the first version of Windows 11 (which had a core based on Cobalt in addition to a UI codenamed Sun Valley, and which also carries the version 21H2).
  16. ↑ The core of Windows 11 version 21H2 is codenamed Cobalt;[17] the "Sun Valley" codename refers to the UI layer of Windows 11 version 21H2 and is commonly used to address Windows 11 version 21H2 as a whole.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 The end-of-support date listed in the table refers to Home and Pro editions. The date for other editions, such as Education and Enterprise, may differ.
  18. ↑ Originally named "Windows Phone 7 Series"
  19. ↑ Between versions 1709 and 20H2 of Windows Server, the "Windows Server Essentials" edition of Windows Server was only included in Windows Server 2019.
  20. ↑ Nashville was originally codenamed Cleveland.
  21. ↑ July 2007 is when it was reported that the Vista's successor was codenamed "7", rather than "Vienna", indicating that Vienna's discontinuation had occurred by then. However, Vienna may have been cancelled prior to then.
  22. ↑ While Santorini was the general codename for Windows 10X, Centaurus was the specific codename for Windows 10X on foldable PCs and Pegasus was the codename for Windows 10X on "traditional" PCs (such as laptops or 2-in-1 computers).[33]
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Date refers to when the cancellation of the operating system was announced. The decision for the operating system to be cancelled may have occurred prior to then.

References

  1. ↑ "Random internal Windows terminology:IDW, Razzle, and their forgotten partners IDS and Dazzle" (in en-US). 2018-12-24. https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20181224-00/?p=100545. 
  2. ↑ "Systems Release Strategy - Draft:10/10/93". November 10, 1993. http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/7000/PX07696.pdf. 
  3. ↑ Martens, China (July 22, 2005). "Update:Microsoft's Longhorn becomes Windows Vista". IDG Communications, Inc.. https://www.computerworld.com/article/2557113/update--microsoft-s-longhorn-becomes-windows-vista.html. "Microsoft Corp. has announced the official name for its upcoming operating system, previously known under the code name Longhorn. The operating system, now due out in 2006, will be called Windows Vista" 
  4. ↑ "What was the code name for Windows 7?" (in en-US). 2019-07-22. https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20190722-00/?p=102724. "The code name for Windows 7 was… Windows 7." 
  5. ↑ O'Brien, Terrence (19 July 2019). "Microsoft drops the Blue codename, confirms Windows 8.1 will be a free upgrade available later this year". https://www.engadget.com/2013-05-14-windows-blue-details.html. "One of the worst kept secrets rattling around Microsoft's campus is Windows Blue, the forthcoming update to Windows 8 that addresses users' bugbears about the OS. Now, Microsoft is officially rechristening the platform, and with a more staid name: Windows 8.1." 
  6. ↑ Foley, Mary Jo. "Microsoft to share Windows Threshold plans at Build 2014 show: Report". https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-to-share-windows-threshold-plans-at-build-2014-show-report/. 
  7. ↑ Warren, Tom (24 November 2014). "Windows 10 won't be Windows 6.4". Vox Media, LLC. https://www.theverge.com/2014/11/24/7274727/windows-10-nt-version-10. "Windows 10 Technical Preview builds are currently identified as Windows NT 6.4, but future builds will include the change" 
  8. ↑ Warren, Tom (14 June 2021). "Microsoft to end Windows 10 support on October 14th, 2025". Vox Media, LLC. https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/14/22533018/microsoft-windows-10-end-support-date. 
  9. ↑ Tkachenko, Sergey (19 August 2016). "What's new in Windows 10 version 1607 Anniversary Update". https://winaero.com/whats-new-in-windows-10-version-1607-anniversary-update/. "Windows 10 version 1607, code named "Redstone 1", was released in August 2016." 
  10. ↑ Bowden, Zac (August 4, 2016). "Microsoft confirms two major updates planned for Windows 10 in 2017". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/microsoft-confirms-two-major-updates-planned-windows-10-2017. "Windows Central understands that the first major update for 2017 (codenamed Redstone 2) will release in the early part of 2017." 
  11. ↑ Bowden, Zac (August 4, 2016). "Microsoft confirms two major updates planned for Windows 10 in 2017". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/microsoft-confirms-two-major-updates-planned-windows-10-2017. "The second major update scheduled for 2017 is codenamed "Redstone 3"" 
  12. ↑ Woods, Rich. "Windows 10 Redstone 5 is officially version 1809". Neowin LLC. https://www.neowin.net/news/windows-10-redstone-5-is-officially-version-1809/. "Redstone 5 is now officially Windows 10 version 1809." 
  13. ↑ Hassan, Mehedi (October 31, 2018). "Windows 10's Next Major Updates Will Be Codenamed Vanadium, Vibranium". BWW Media Group. https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-10/190138/windows-10s-next-major-updates-will-be-codenamed-vanadium-vibranium. "Windows 10’s next major update is codenamed 19H1." 
  14. ↑ Hassan, Mehedi (October 31, 2018). "Windows 10's Next Major Updates Will Be Codenamed Vanadium, Vibranium". BWW Media Group. https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-10/190138/windows-10s-next-major-updates-will-be-codenamed-vanadium-vibranium. "This means the next Windows 10 update, previously codenamed 19H2, will be called Vanadium (comes after Titanium/19H1)." 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Brown, Matt (October 31, 2018). "Next Windows 10 updates reportedly codenamed 'Vanadium' and 'Vibranium'". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/next-windows-10-updates-reportedly-codenamed-vanadium-and-vibranium. 
  16. ↑ Hassan, Mehedi (October 31, 2018). "Windows 10's Next Major Updates Will Be Codenamed Vanadium, Vibranium". BWW Media Group. https://www.thurrott.com/windows/windows-10/190138/windows-10s-next-major-updates-will-be-codenamed-vanadium-vibranium. 
  17. ↑ Parmar, Mayank (3 September 2021). "Windows 11 Build 22449 is now available with new loading animation". https://www.windowslatest.com/2021/09/03/windows-11-build-22449-is-now-available-with-new-loading-animation/. "Windows 11 version 21H2 (shipping on October 5)=Cobalt (Co)." 
  18. ↑ Foley, Mary Jo. "Microsoft starts rolling out IE 6 for Windows Mobile". https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-starts-rolling-out-ie-6-for-windows-mobile/. "The new IE 6 bits were released on November 11 as part of the Windows Mobile 6.1.4 release from Microsoft's Download Center Web site." 
  19. ↑ Woods, Rich. "It's finally dead: Windows 10 Mobile is no longer supported after today". Neowin LLC. https://www.neowin.net/news/its-finally-dead-windows-10-mobile-is-no-longer-supported-after-today. "Windows 10 feature2 ended up being version 1709, and it was the final feature update for Windows 10 Mobile." 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 Gerend, Jason. "Windows Server release information" (in en-us). https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/get-started/windows-server-release-info. 
  21. ↑ "What's New in Windows Server version 1709". Microsoft. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/get-started/whats-new-in-windows-server-1709. 
  22. ↑ "Windows Server, version 1803 end of servicing on November 12, 2019". Microsoft. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/announcements/windows-server-1803-end-of-servicing. 
  23. ↑ Woods, Rich. "Microsoft re-releases Windows Server 2019 and Windows Server, version 1809". Neowin LLC. https://www.neowin.net/news/microsoft-re-releases-windows-server-2019-and-windows-server-version-1809/#:~:text=The%20difference%20between%20Windows%20Server%202019%20and%20version,three%20years%2C%20while%20SAC%20releases%20are%2C%20well%2C%20semi-annual.. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Gerend, Jason. "Windows Server servicing channels" (in en-us). https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/get-started-19/servicing-channels-19. 
  25. ↑ Sharma, Mayank (20 August 2021). "Microsoft has snuck out its Windows Server 2022 release". Future US, Inc.. https://www.techradar.com/news/microsoft-has-snuck-out-its-windows-server-2022-release. "Windows Server 2022 identifies itself as version 21H2" 
  26. ↑ Foley, Mary Jo. "Microsoft ups allowable Windows 10 Mobile screen size to nearly nine inches". https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-ups-allowable-windows-10-mobile-screen-size-to-nearly-nine-inches/. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 "HoloLens 1st (gen) release notes". https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/hololens/hololens1-release-notes. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 "HoloLens 2 release notes". https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/hololens/hololens-release-notes. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 "Surface Hub update history". https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/surface-hub/surface-hub-update-history. 
  30. ↑ Bill Gates (1994-11-14). "Information At Your Fingertips, 1994 Comdex Keynote". http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/r_harvey/iayf2005.htm. 
  31. ↑ "Microsoft combines Neptune, Odyssey into Whistler". CNN. January 27, 2000. http://archives.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/01/27/ms.whistler.idg/index.html. 
  32. ↑ "Windows Odyssey". https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php/Windows_Odyssey. "Knowing that Neptune is 5.50, it's only logical to conclude Odyssey was to be 6.0" 
  33. ↑ Bowden, Zac (October 30, 2019). "Windows Core OS:The complete guide". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/windows-core-os. 
  34. ↑ Warren, Tom (May 18, 2021). "Microsoft confirms Windows 10X is dead". Vox Media, LLC. https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/18/22442421/microsoft-windows-10-x-canceled-official. 
  35. ↑ Sams, Brad (December 3, 2018). "What is Windows Lite? It's Microsoft's Chrome OS Killer". BWW Media Group. https://www.petri.com/what-is-windows-core-os-its-microsofts-chromebook-os-killer. 
  36. ↑ Bowden, Zac (May 4, 2020). "Windows 10X will now launch first on single-screen PCs". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/windows-10x-single-screen-laptops-confirmed. 
  37. ↑ Litvinenko, Yuri (21 May 2019). "Microsoft's Project Photon:A Stunted Effort to Rebuild Windows Mobile". https://tedium.co/2019/05/16/microsoft-windows-mobile-photon-history/. "Checking reports against each other provides the grounds to assume Microsoft kept working on Photon till September 2008." 
  38. ↑ "Windows Mobile 7 vs Windows Phone 7". Popular Pages at brighthub.com. May 20, 2011. http://www.brighthub.com/mobile/windows-mobile-platform/articles/87651.aspx. 
  39. ↑ "Revealed:Original Windows Mobile 7 UI". neowin.net. February 20, 2010. http://www.neowin.net/news/revealed-original-windows-mobile-7-ui. 
  40. ↑ Bowden, Zac (September 18, 2020). "Project Andromeda:The secret history of Windows on Surface Duo". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/surface-duo-andromeda-windows-core-os. "Microsoft had originally planned to ship CShell on Windows 10 Mobile under the codename Pheonix [sic], but that plan very quickly went away once the company decided to wind down its existing phone efforts in early 2017." 
  41. ↑ Bowden, Zac (September 18, 2020). "Project Andromeda:The secret history of Windows on Surface Duo". Future US, Inc.. https://www.windowscentral.com/surface-duo-andromeda-windows-core-os. 



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