Biology:B4GALT3
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Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the B4GALT3 gene.[1][2][3]
This gene is one of seven beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta4GalT) genes. They encode type II membrane-bound glycoproteins that appear to have exclusive specificity for the donor substrate UDP-galactose; all transfer galactose in a beta1,4 linkage to similar acceptor sugars: GlcNAc, Glc, and Xyl. Each beta4GalT has a distinct function in the biosynthesis of different glycoconjugates and saccharide structures. As type II membrane proteins, they have an N-terminal hydrophobic signal sequence that directs the protein to the Golgi apparatus and which then remains uncleaved to function as a transmembrane anchor. By sequence similarity, the beta4GalTs form four groups: beta4GalT1 and beta4GalT2, beta4GalT3 and beta4GalT4, beta4GalT5 and beta4GalT6, and beta4GalT7. This gene encodes an enzyme that may be mainly involved in the synthesis of the first N-acetyllactosamine unit of poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains.[3]
References
- ↑ "A family of human beta4-galactosyltransferases. Cloning and expression of two novel UDP-galactose:beta-n-acetylglucosamine beta1, 4-galactosyltransferases, beta4Gal-T2 and beta4Gal-T3". J Biol Chem 272 (51): 31979–91. Jan 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.51.31979. PMID 9405390.
- ↑ "The expanding beta 4-galactosyltransferase gene family: messages from the databanks". Glycobiology 8 (5): 517–26. Aug 1998. doi:10.1093/glycob/8.5.517. PMID 9597550.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: B4GALT3 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 3". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8703.
External links
- Human B4GALT3 genome location and B4GALT3 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
- "Identification and characterization of large galactosyltransferase gene families: galactosyltransferases for all functions.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1473 (1): 35–53. 2000. doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(99)00168-3. PMID 10580128.
- "Tiling resolution array comparative genomic hybridization, expression and methylation analyses of dup(1q) in Burkitt lymphomas and pediatric high hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemias reveal clustered near-centromeric breakpoints and overexpression of genes in 1q22-32.3.". Hum. Mol. Genet. 16 (18): 2215–25. 2008. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddm173. PMID 17613536.
- "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. 2006. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414. Bibcode: 2006Natur.441..315G.
- "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "Galactosylation of N-linked oligosaccharides by human beta-1,4-galactosyltransferases I, II, III, IV, V, and VI expressed in Sf-9 cells". Glycobiology 11 (10): 813–20. 2002. doi:10.1093/glycob/11.10.813. PMID 11588157.
- "Evidence that mannosyl residues are involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pathogenesis". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 3 (3): 265–82. 1988. doi:10.1089/aid.1987.3.265. PMID 2829950.
- "Glycosylation and processing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein". J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 2 (2): 163–9. 1989. PMID 2649653.
- "Biosynthesis and processing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins: effects of monensin on glycosylation and transport". J. Virol. 63 (6): 2452–6. 1989. doi:10.1128/jvi.63.6.2452-2456.1989. PMID 2542563.
- "Role of oligosaccharides in the processing and maturation of envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (9): 3384–8. 1989. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.9.3384. PMID 2541446. Bibcode: 1989PNAS...86.3384P.
- "Characterization of the secreted, native gp120 and gp160 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 6 (3): 371–80. 1990. doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.371. PMID 2187500. https://zenodo.org/record/1235229.
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