Biology:New Guinea giant softshell turtle
| New Guinea giant softshell turtle | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Testudines |
| Suborder: | Cryptodira |
| Family: | Trionychidae |
| Genus: | Pelochelys |
| Species: | P. bibroni
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| Binomial name | |
| Pelochelys bibroni (Owen, 1853)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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The New Guinea giant softshell turtle (Pelochelys bibroni) is a species of softshell turtle in the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to New Guinea.[2] P. bibroni is referred to by the Suki people as kiya eise, a reference to its flexible shell. In the Arammba language, it is called sokrere, meaning "earthquake".[3] It is sometimes hunted by local villages for its meat and/or eggs, leading to some cases of chelonitoxism.[4]
Habitat
P. bibroni prefers lowland rivers and estuaries, but adjusts well to the saline environments of deltas and large estuaries.[5]
Diet
The diet of P. bibroni is primarily carnivorous, consuming mostly fish, crabs, mollusks, and occasionally some vegetation. Its hunting strategy is not overly aggressive, but primarily being an ambush predator, it spends most of its time at the bottom of its chosen river bed, waiting for prey to wander by.[5]
Reproduction
Nesting of P. bibroni usually occurs in September, often on the same beaches as the pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta). The 22–45 eggs in a clutch are often found in the nests of crocodiles. This is possibly a strategy to avoid nest predation.[5]
Etymology
The specific name, bibroni, is in honor of French herpetologist Gabriel Bibron.[6]
Geographic range
P. bibroni is endemic to New Guinea, where it is only found on the southern part of the island, south of the Central Range.[2] In the past, there was some confusion about its range limits, but it is now clear that the species found throughout much of South and Southeast Asia is Cantor's giant softshell turtle (P. cantorii ) and that the species in northern New Guinea is the northern New Guinea giant softshell turtle (P. signifera).[2][7] The ranges of the species do not overlap anywhere.[2]
Description
P. bibroni is the among the largest species of freshwater turtle, surpassed or matched only by other species of Pelochelys, as well as certain Chitra, Rafetus, and Macrochelys species. P. bibroni can reach up to 1 m (3.3 ft) in straight carapace length, and 120 kg (260 lb) in weight.[5]
It has a soft, subdermal carapace with a slightly flexible posterior region.[8] Its neck is completely retractable, as are all four of its limbs. Its head is broad, with its nostrils at the end of a proboscis. Its digits are webbed, with eight digits on its fore limbs and five on its hind limbs. Its tail is very short.
Possible chelonitoxism
P. bibroni is believed to be a species that, upon consumption by humans during certain seasons of the year, can lead to the phenomenon of chelonitoxism in a person. This may be due to certain phases in the turtle's diet.[9]
Threatened status
P. bibroni has a natural predator in the saltwater crocodile (Crocodilus porosus), but its current status as a threatened species stems from human activity. Locals often hunt the animal for its meat and eggs, and tribal masks can be crafted from its carapace. No commercial hunting is present, however.[5]
References
- ↑ Fritz, Uwe; Havaš, Peter (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World". Vertebrate Zoology 57 (2): 317. ISSN 1864-5755. Archived from the original on 2010-12-17. https://www.webcitation.org/5v20ztMND?url=http://www.cnah.org/pdf_files/851.pdf. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy and Synonymy, December 2010.
- ↑ Georges, Arthur; Guarino, Fiorenzo; Bito, Biatus (2006). "Freshwater turtles of the TransFly region of Papua New Guinea – notes on diversity, distribution, reproduction, harvest and trade". Wildlife Research 33.5: 373–384.
- ↑ Georges A, Alacs E, Pauza M, Kinginapi F, Ona A, Eisemberg C (2008). "Freshwater turtles of the Kikori Drainage, Papua New Guinea, with special reference to the pig-nosed turtle, Carettochelys insculpta". Wildlife Research 35: 700–711.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Bonin, Franck; Devaux, Bernard; Dupré, Alain (2006). Turtles of the World. (Translated by Peter C. H. Pritchard). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- ↑ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN:978-1-4214-0135-5. (Pelochelys bibroni, p. 25).
- ↑ Webb RG (2002). "Observations on the Giant Softshell Turtle, Pelochelys cantorii, with description of a new species". Hamadryad 27 (1): 99-107.
- ↑ Rhodin, Anders G. J.; Spring, Sylvia; Pritchard, Peter C. H. (1980). "Glossary of turtle vernacular names used in the New Guinea region". The Journal of the Polynesian Society 1980: 105–117.
- ↑ Silas, E. G.; Fernando, A. Bastian (1984). "Turtle poisoning". CMFRI Bulletin 35: 62–75.
Further reading
- Owen R (1853). Descriptive Catalogue of the Osteological Series Contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Volume I. Pisces, Reptilia, Aves, Marsupalia. London: Royal College of Surgeons. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xlv + 350 pp. ("Trionyx (Gymnopus) Bibroni", new species, p. 185).
External links
- Asian Turtle Trade Working Group (2000). Pelochelys bibroni. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 9 July 2007.
Wikidata ☰ Q2272259 entry
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